稀土铝合金标样通过技术鉴定

包头铝厂研制的稀土铝合金光谱标样,最近在包头铝厂通过技术鉴定。鉴定委员会一致认为:该套标样具有均匀性和线性关系好,定值可靠,符合DB-86标准的要求,并认为包头铝厂可作为该标样批量生产单位。这套标样为五点式的φ38×45(mm)的圆柱体和φ10×150(mm)的棒状光谱标样,化     

新铸光谱标样的制备和定值分析结果

本文叙述了新铸铝光谱标样的制备过程，制备出的标样具有工艺先进，化学成分均匀，定值准确及校准曲线啮合系数高等特点。通过试用分析，结果与化学仲裁分析结果相符，很好地满足了光谱分析铸造铝合金化学成分对标样的需求。     

铅-钙合金光谱标样的制备与标定

通常用的铅 钙合金光谱标样比较缺乏 ,且钙含量范围一般只能做到 0 .2 %以下。本文试验此类合金光谱标样的制备与标定。可制备出钙含量范围从0 .0 1%～ 2 %的铅 钙合金标样 ,采用直读光谱分析法检验其均匀性 ,用原子吸收光谱法和ＥＤＴＡ容量法分析定值[1,2 ] ,制备出了结果满意的标准样品。1　试验部分1.1　主要仪器ＧＧＸ 5型原子吸收分光光度计 ,附钙空心阴极灯 (北京地质仪器厂 )。ＡＲＬ 4 4 6 0直读光谱仪 (瑞士ＡＲＬ公司 )ＧＷ 0 .15型中频感应炉1.2　试验方法利用中频感应炉、石墨坩埚 ,加金属铝作保护 ,将铅和钙于 (70 0± 30 )…     

X射线荧光光谱分析水基标样替代油基标样的实现

用水基标样替代油基标样,建立X射线荧光光谱测定石油及其产品中微量元素含量的方法。以钒、锰、铁、镍为研究对象,采用乳化技术制备试样,用乳化剂司班80将水基标样和油结合起来,合成油包水型乳状液;采用理论α影响系数法和内标法校准油水差异校正基体效应。实验发现,如果基体组成已知,理论α影响系数法可以校正水基和油基的基体差异,水基标样和油基标样可直接互换;如果基体组成未知,采用内标法校正基体效应,需要将样品合成油水混合液校正才能成功。用原油和燃料油样品进行对比实验,测得结果与标准方法一致。     

石油焦中硫含量二次标样的制备

本实验由两部分组成。第一部分内容主要是尝试制备用于测定石油焦中硫含量的二次标样,解决了因国内目前还没有石油焦中硫标样为分析带来的困难。还由于采用了二次标样,基本排除了基体对本方法测定结果的影响。本实验在尝试制备二次标样的过程中,用4种测试方法定值。首先对二次标样用方差法进行了均匀性检验。经检验合格后,用定值计算的数据统计方法(包括测定结果的离群值检验、数据分析正态性检验,各方法平均值间一致性检验和等精密度检验)进行定值。第二部分内容主要是使用所制备的二次标样,并用简单、快速的库仑滴定原理设计的快速定硫仪仪器分析替代了操作步骤复杂的管式炉法[1]来分析测定石油焦中硫含量。本方法具有操作简单、测定快速、结果准确及重复性好的优点。本方法基本满足了本公司铝工业用石油焦中硫含量的测定要求。本方法适用范围为0~2.0(m/m)%,方法标准偏差为1.2%。     

X射线荧光分析单标样基本参数法的应用及其探讨

本文详细考察了各种基本参数(X光管的光谱强度分布除外)的不准确性对分析结果的影响程度。结果表明,单标样法对基本参数的不准确度具有明显的抵偿作用,目前的文献数据可以满足单标样法的要求。弄清了其抵偿机理,在计算程序的规格化步骤中引入系数K,改善了分析结果的准确度。分析黄铜和Fe-Cr-Ni合金中的六个成份,获得了令人满意的结果。     

粉末标样的喷雾干燥制备新工艺

分析中所用标准样品(即标样)的制备,按其主体与杂质各自的存在形态来分,大体有固—固法、固—液法以及液—液法三种。前两法属于非均相配制体系,而后者为均相配制体系。由于标样中主体元素与各杂质元素的分布,要求高度的均匀。所以,液—液法均相配制体系,对标样的制备是最适宜的。     

分析电镜Cliff-Lorimer 因子测量及薄标样标准化探讨

采用电子探针矿物标样,即均匀性和稳定性符合显微定量分析要求的国标样品,制备成适于分析电镜（ＡＥＭ）成分分析的薄样品,测量了一组Ｃｌｉｆ－Ｌｏｒｉｍｅｒ（ＣＬ）因子,考察了用不同型号的分析电镜分析时ＣＬ因子的变化,提出了仪器校正因子ＫＩ＝εＢ／εＡ,对原子序数小于２０的较轻元素其ＣＬ应考虑作ＫＩ校正;作者建议采用易于制成薄晶片的黑云母标样来统一不同分析条件下的ＣＬ因子,并应建立适于分析电镜定量分析的无机薄标样通用技术条件。     

基于稳定一致波长筛选的无标样近红外光谱模型传递方法

测量环境及仪器间光谱信号的差异导致近红外光谱模型从主机传递到从机后,经常会产生过大误差。本研究提出了一种基于稳定一致波长筛选的无标样近红外模型传递方法(Screening stable and consistent wavelengths,SSCW),剔除主从仪器间差谱的标准偏差大于样品精密度测试光谱标准偏差的波长,以及精密度测试偏差过大的波长,筛选出仪器间光谱信号一致性好且稳定的波长建立近红外光谱定标模型。分别以玉米和黄芩样本集对本算法的有效性进行了检验。结果表明,SSCW模型传递后对从机样品的预测均方根残差RMSEP较全波长PLS模型直接传递结果小一个量级,大部分情况下优于分段直接校正算法(Piecewise direct standardization,PDS)的结果和文献报道的无标样模型传递结果。本方法具有传递性能好、模型参数少、稳健等优点,在不同仪器间可实现近红外光谱模型的无标样传递。     

标样消息

读者来信要求介绍标样供应单位及品种情况,现将我单位了解的标样供应单位介绍如下: 1.现有下列五个单位供应标样: ①北京市金属制品供应站(北京崇文门大街11号)。②武汉生产资料服务公司(汉口解放大道滑坡路特1号)。③上海黄浦化学试剂商店(上海市福州路356号)。④沈阳冶金产品标样经销部(沈阳市沈河     

Ti-6Al-4V钛合金光谱分析标准物质的研制

采用真空自耗电极电弧炉与凝壳炉复合熔炼工艺,以及交互式镦拔均匀化变形加工技术,制备了Ti-6Al-4V钛合金光谱分析标准物质。采用方差法和极差法进行均匀性检验,结果表明,Al、V、Fe、Si、C5种元素的均匀性良好。经多家协同定值,确定的标准值准确可靠。经多种光电直读光谱仪应用表明,本套标准物质成线性良好。本套标准物质的均匀性、成线性、标准值及不确定度达到国际同类标准样品的先进水平。     

钨合金标准物质稳定性考察

对一级军用标准物质JBWY05901钨合金标准物质稳定性检验的化学分析方法进行了比较选择,提出了该标准物质稳定性检验方法,给出了检验数据的统计处理方法及稳定性检验结果。     

新型镁合金Mg-Al-Zn-Y光谱标准样品的制备和定值

采用双层安全炉熔炼镁合金和环壁式除渣法清除结晶器中的氧化皮和夹渣等技术,研制了新型镁合金Mg-Al-Zn-Y光谱标准样品.考察了标准样品的均匀性和稳定性,该标准样品有效期为5年.使用先进的数据处理软件(StndMtrl),对多家单位协作分析定值原始数据进行检验和计算,得到标准样品的标准值和标准偏差.用化学法对标准样品进...     

Characterization of NIES CRM No. 23 Tea Leaves II for the determination of multielements

A candidate environmental certified reference material (CRM) for the determination of multielements in tea leaves and materials of similar matrix, NIES CRM No. 23 Tea Leaves II, has been developed and characterized by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan. The origin of the material was tea leaves, which were ground, sieved through a 106-μm mesh, homogenized, and then subdivided into amber glass bottles. The results of homogeneity and stability tests indicated that the material was sufficiently homogeneous and stable for use as a reference material. The property values of the material were statistically determined based on chemical analyses by a network of laboratories using a wide range of methods. Sixteen laboratories participated in the characterization, and nine certified values and five reference values were obtained. These property values of the candidate CRM, which are expressed as mass fractions, were close to the median and/or mean values of the mass fractions of elements in various tea products. The candidate CRM is appropriate for use in analytical quality control and in the evaluation of methods used in the analysis of tea and materials of similar matrix.     

钛合金光谱分析用标准物质的均匀性检验

介绍钛合金光谱分析用标准物质均匀性检验的抽样、测试、检验及判断方法。钛合金光谱分析用标准物质中碳和铝的均匀性检验结果表明此两种元素在试样中的分布是均匀的。该方法已应用于钛合金光谱分析用标准物质的研制过程中。     

Development of a certified reference material (NMIJ CRM 7505-a) for the determination of trace elements in tea leaves

A certified reference material (CRM) for trace elements in tea leaves has been developed in National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ). The CRM was provided as a dry powder (<90 μm) after frozen pulverization of washed and dried fresh tea leaves from a tea plant farm in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Characterization of the property value for each element was carried out exclusively by NMIJ with at least two independent analytical methods, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), high-resolution (HR-) ICP-MS, isotope-dilution (ID-) ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), graphite-furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) and flame atomic-absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Property values were provided for 19 elements (Ca, K, Mg, P, Al, B, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Zn and Co) and informative values for 18 elements (Ti, V, Cr, Y, and all of the lanthanides, except for Pm whose isotopes are exclusively radioactive). The concentration ranges of property values and informative values were from 1.59% (mass) of K to 0.0139 mg kg(-1) of Cd and from 0.6 mg kg(-1) of Ti to 0.0014 mg kg(-1) of Lu, respectively. Combined relatively standard uncertainties of the property values were estimated by considering the uncertainties of the homogeneity, analytical methods, characterization, calibration standard, and dry-mass correction factor. The range of the relative combined standard uncertainties was from 1.5% of Mg and K to 4.1% of Cd.     

Reference materials characterized for impurities in uranium matrices: An overview and re-evaluation of the NBL CRM 124 series

The characterized concentrations of 24 impurity elements in New Brunswick Laboratory (NBL) Certified Reference Material (CRM) 124 were reevaluated. A provisional certificate of analysis was issued in September 1983 based upon the “as prepared” values (gravimetric mixing). The provisional certificate does not state uncertainties for the characterized values, or estimate the degree of homogeneity. Since release of the provisional certificate of analysis various laboratories have reported analytical results for CRM 124. Based upon the reported data a re-evaluation of the characterized values with an estimate of their uncertainties was performed in this work. An assessment of the degree of homogeneity was included. The overall difference between the re-evaluated values for the 24 impurity elements and the “as prepared” values from the provisional certificate of analysis is negligible compared to the uncertainties. Therefore, NBL will establish the “as prepared” values as the certified values and use the derived uncertainties from this work for the uncertainties of the certified values. The traceability of the “as prepared” values was established by the gravimetric mixing procedure employed during the preparation of the CRM. NBL further recommends a minimum sample size of 1 g of the CRM material to ensure homogeneity. Samples should be dried by heating up to 110 °C for one hour before use.     

The certified reference materials CRM 142 R light sandy soil, CRM 143 R sewage sludge amended soil and CRM 145 R sewage sludge for quality control in monitoring environmental and soil pollution

The determination of various heavy metals in soils and sludges provides an indication for their degree of contamination. Therefore the reliability of such determinations is of utmost importance. Quality assessment can be performed by using adequate certified reference materials. Because of their success, the present supplies of the BCR CRM 142, CRM 143 and CRM 145 are exhausted. The Measurement and Testing Programme (BCR) of the Commission of the European Communities decided to replace them. After a careful preparation procedure of materials sufficiently similar to the exhausted ones and a homogeneity and stability study, the new materials were certified for a series of trace elements also including their aqua regia soluble fraction. Indicative values for other elements are given as well.     

Certified reference materials—Hay Powder (CRM 129) and Rye Grass (CRM 281)—for the quality control of analysis of animal feed

Analyses of nutritive elements are routinely performed in grass or hay for animal feed in order to improve the state of health and growth of domestic animals. To control the quality of such determinations, the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) so far has produced two certified reference materials: Hay Powder (CRM 129) and Rye Grass (CRM 281). After a careful preparation procedure of the materials, a homogeneity study and a long-term stability study, the contents of the elements Ca, K, Mg, P, S, Zn, I, N and Kjeldahl-N were certified in CRM 129, whereas CRM 281 was certified for As, B, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se and Zn. This paper presents the certification exercise and especially concentrates on the elements I, B and Mo as examples of analytical work. Indicative values for Co, Cr, Fe, Cl and Na were also obtained.     

钨合金标准物质的研制

介绍钨合金标准物质的研制过程,实验结果表明该标准物质的均匀性、稳定性良好,定值准确可靠,符合ＪＪＧ１００６《一级标准物质技术规范》的要求。