沈括与化学

沈括是中国历史上著名的政治家、科学家,在他所著的《梦溪笔谈》中记载了诸如石油、食盐、炼铜、炼铁等化学知识,其中,还渗透着胶体化学和地球化学的思想,他所研究的部分内容对现代化学仍然产生着影响。     

《高分子化学》教学过程新教学模式探讨

随着高分子科学技术的快速发展,《高分子化学》已经成为了化学、化工、材料等专业的必修课程,也成为了理科和师范院校的选修课程。但由于《高分子化学》涵盖的内容繁杂、抽象,致使学生在学习《高分子化学》课程中感觉非常吃力,常常出现难理解、难消化等问题。笔者在教授《高分子化学》课程中,使用"类比教学"、"实物教学"、"翻转教学""口诀教学"等手段将高分子化学所涉及的概念具体化、形象化、丰富化,使学生快速理解和掌握高分子化学中的概念知识,牢记知识要领,起到了很好的教学效果。     

中学化学教科书插图中的隐性知识研究

教科书插图是一种将对象属性、数据特征等直观、形象地“可视化”的手段。中学化学教科书插图中隐含着丰富的隐性知识,常成为学生学习的难点和盲点。在对国内外教科书插图隐性知识研究进行梳理的基础上,本文对鲁科版《化学1》和《化学2》插图中的隐性知识进行统计分析,并提出了外显化、情境化和直观化等教学策略。     

《燃料化学学报》征稿简则

《燃料化学学报》是由中国科学院主管、中国化学会和中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所主办。刊载国内外燃料化学基础研究及其相关领域的最新研究成果和进展,涵盖煤炭、石油、油页岩、天然气、生物质,以及与此相关的环境保护和应用催化等     

《燃料化学学报》征稿简则

《燃料化学学报》是由中国科学院主管、中国化学会和中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所主办。刊载国内外燃料化学基础研究及其相关领域的最新研究成果和进展,涵盖煤炭、石油、油页岩、天然气、生物质,以及与此相关的环境保护和应用催化等     

研究期刊感悟高考启迪复习——源于《化学教育》的2006年高考试题评析与启示

《化学教育》开设的“生活中的化学”、“化学与社会”、“知识介绍”等栏目为中学化学教学提供了丰富鲜活的知识,开阔了读者视野,激活了中学化学基础知识,同时为高考命题提供了素材。笔者研究2006年高考化学试题,发现部分试题选材源于《化学教育》,这对引导中学化学老师研究《     

《燃料化学学报》征稿简则

《燃料化学学报》是由中国科学院主管、中国化学会和中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所主办。刊载国内外燃料化学基础研究及其相关领域的最新研究成果和进展,涵盖煤炭、石油、油页岩、天然气、生物质,以及与此相关的环境保护和应用催化等方面的内容。     

《燃料化学学报》征稿简则

《燃料化学学报》是由中国科学院主管、中国化学会和中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所主办。刊载国内外燃料化学基础研究及其相关领域的最新研究成果和进展,涵盖煤炭、石油、油页岩、天然气、生物质,以及与此相关的环境保护和应用催化等方面的内容。栏目设置     

《燃料化学学报》征稿简则

《燃料化学学报》是由中国科学院主管、中国化学会和中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所主办。刊载国内外燃料化学基础研究及其相关领域的最新研究成果和进展,涵盖煤炭、石油、油页岩、天然气、生物质,以及与此相关的环境保护和应用催化等方面的内容。     

《燃料化学学报》征稿简则

《燃料化学学报》是由中国科学院主管、中国化学会和中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所主办。刊载国内外燃料化学基础研究及其相关领域的最新研究成果和进展,涵盖煤炭、石油、油页岩、天然气、生物质,以及与此相关的环境保护和应用催化等方面的内容。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.