流动注射化学发光法测定中药材中没食子酸

建立快速简便的流动注射化学发光分析法,用于中药材中没食子酸含量的测定.利用酸性介质中Fe3+-H2O2体系生成羟基自由基氧化没食子酸产生微弱的化学发光,用罗丹明6G来增敏化学发光.研究了影响化学发光的各种因素,探讨了可能的机理.结果表明,0.18 mol/L HCl,0.04 mol/L FeCl3,1.0 mol/L H2O2与1.0×10-4 mol/L罗丹明6G溶液组成最优的化学发光体系,没食子酸浓度在1.0×10-5～1.0×10-2 g/L和0.01～1.0 g/L范围内与化学发光强度呈很好的线性关系,r分别为0.9984和0.9947,检出限为3.0×10-6 g/L.对1.0×10-4 g/L没食子酸平行测定11次的相对标准偏差为3.8%.利用本方法成功地测定了中药材诃子和没食子中的没食子酸含量.     

流动注射化学发光法测定废水中Mn(Ⅱ)

鲁米诺与K2S2O8在碱性介质中能产生稳定的化学发光信号,Mn2+对鲁米诺过硫酸钾体系的化学发光产生微弱的抑制作用,而Ag+能增强Mn2+对发光体系的抑制作用,据此建立测定了废水中微量Mn2+的流动注射化学发光分析方法。Mn2+的浓度在1.0×10-10～1.0×10-7mol/L范围内与相对发光强度(ΔI)呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-12mol/L;对1.0×10-7mol/LMn2+进行11次平行测定,其相对标准偏差RSD为1.3%。方法已用于测定废水中Mn2+的含量。     

离子色谱分离-亚铁氰化钾-钙黄绿素偶合化学发光测定NO_2~-

利用NO2-在酸性介质中氧化亚铁氰化钾为铁氰化钾,然后在碱性条件下和钙黄绿素化学发光反应相偶合,结合离子色谱分离和流动注射技术间接测定了NO2-。结果发现当钙黄绿素浓度为1.0×10-4mol/L,亚铁氰化钾浓度为2.0×10-4mol/L时,NO2-在1.0×10-5～1.0×10-7g/L范围内,化学发光强度与NO2-浓度成良好的线性关系(R=0.9958),检出限(3σ)为5.1×10-8g/L,对质量浓度为1.0×10-6g/LNO2-溶液进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为1.4%。将该方法用于蒸馏水和自来水中NO2-的测定,加标回收率分别为94.2%和107.1%。     

鲁米诺-焦性没食子酸体系抑制化学发光法测定5-磺基水杨酸

基于碱性介质中5-磺基水杨酸对鲁米诺-焦性没食子酸体系化学发光的抑制作用,建立了流动注射化学发光测定5-磺基水杨酸的新方法.在最佳实验条件下,测定5-磺基水杨酸的线性范围为1.0×10-7～1.0×10-5mol/L,相关系数为0.9996(n=5),检出限为6.8×10-8mol/,L(n=11),对1.0×10-6...     

四磺基锰酞菁作为过氧化物模拟酶在过氧化氢化学发光测定中的应用

以四磺基锰酞菁 (MnTSPc)作为过氧化物模拟酶催化H2 O2 与鲁米诺的化学发光反应 ,建立了测定环境样品中H2 O2 的化学发光分析新方法。该法的线性范围为 4 .0× 10 - 8～ 2 .0× 10 - 5mol L ;检出限为 6 .8×10 - 9mol L ;对 1.0× 10 - 6 mol L的H2 O2 进行连续 10次平行测定 ,相对标准偏差为 2 .4 %。用本法对天然雨水进行了分析测定 ,结果良好。     

Ru(bipy)2+3-CO2-3-SO2-3-KClO3体系化学发光法测定空气中的二氧化硫

提出了Ru(bipy) 2+ 3-CO 2- 3-SO 2- 3-KClO 3体系化学发光法测定溶液中亚硫酸盐的方法.SO 2- 3浓度与化学发光强度在1.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol/L 范围内成正比,检出限为8.76×10-8 mol/L,对1.0×10-4 mol/L SO2-3溶液6次测定的相对标准偏差为2.9%.该法用三乙醇胺作为吸收液,成功地用于测定空气中二氧化硫的含量,结果满意.     

流动注射-化学发光法测定亚甲蓝

鲁米诺在碱性条件下,可以被高锰酸钾氧化产生化学发光,亚甲蓝能显著增强该化学发光。基于这点,结合流动注射技术建立了测定亚甲蓝的化学发光新方法。在优化的实验条件下,测定亚甲蓝的线性范围为1.0×10-7~5.0×10-5mol/L,检出限为3.9×10-8mol/L,对1.0×10-5mol/L亚甲蓝进行9次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为1.0%。方法已用于注射液中亚甲蓝的测定。     

硫化镉量子点增敏化学发光体系测定痕量苯酚的研究

在碱性条件下,硫化镉量子点对鲁米诺-H2O2化学发光体系具有显著的增敏作用,而苯酚对该体系的化学发光有强烈抑制作用,以此建立了流动注射化学发光检测苯酚的新方法.在优化实验条件下,苯酚浓度在5.0×10-9 ～5.0×10-7g/L(r=0.9935)和5.0×10-6 ～1.0×10-3g/L(r=0.9982)范围内...     

双[2,4,6-三氯苯基]草酸酯-过氧化氢体系流动注射化学发光法检测地沟油中的胆固醇

基于胆固醇和冰乙酸的反应物与硫酸铁铵生成的紫色化合物能有效抑制双[2,4,6-三氯苯基]草酸酯(Bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate,TCPO)-H2O2-咪唑化学发光反应,建立了流动注射-化学发光联用检测胆固醇的方法。对流动注射、化学发光等实验参数进行了优化。当咪唑浓度为0.001 mol/L,H2O2浓度为0.3 mol/L,TCPO浓度为1.0×10"3mol/L,主副蠕动泵转数分别为20和15 r/min时,体系具有最强的化学发光。在优化的实验条件下,测定胆固醇的线性范围为8.6×10"6～2.2×10"4mol/L;检出限(S/N=3)为2.5×10"6mol/L;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11,c=6.5×10"5mol/L)为1.5%。不同加标水平下的加标回收率为95.0%～105.0%;相对标准偏差(n=6)小于3.6%。本方法已应用于地沟油中胆固醇的测定,结果令人满意。     

毛细管固定过氧化物酶流动注射化学发光法测定过氧化氢的研究

利用固定有辣根过氧化物酶的毛细管柱作为反应器与流通池,建立了一种简单、快速检测过氧化氢的流动注射化学发光分析新方法.当鲁米诺和过氧化氢的混合溶液流经反应器时,辣根过氧化物酶催化过氧化氢氧化鲁米诺产生化学发光.在选定的实验条件下,化学发光信号与过氧化氢的浓度在3.0×10-8～1.0×10-4mol/L范围内分段呈线性关系,检出限为1×10-8mol/L(S/N=3),相对标准偏差1.4%(1.0 μmol/L,n=9).该方法用于雨水中过氧化氢的测定,结果满意.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.