基于弹性波超表面的Lamb波透射调控

根据广义Snell定律,该文提出了一种新型曲梁型弹性波超表面结构。通过该结构对入射波进行相位调制,实现了板中Lamb波(A0模态)的异常透射调控,从而实现了波的负折射、非对称传输、声聚焦等功能。进一步的研究结果显示,若将该类超表面结构贴置在完整的铝板表面,通过引入吸声材料(阻尼),在保证薄板完整性的同时,可以起到显著消除薄板和超表面透射波场叠加的作用。该方法实现了对完整板结构Lamb波透射方向的有效调控,也为弹性波超表面提供了新的研究思路。     

基于谐振环的太赫兹宽带偏振转换器件研究

提出了一个基于谐振环结构的宽带且高效的太赫兹线偏振转换器.该结构由金属-电介质-金属三层构成,位于顶层的是基于开口谐振环的超表面,中间为介质层,底部为金属板.实验结果表明,该结构可以在0.59-1.24 THz频率范围内将线偏振的太赫兹波偏振方向旋转90°,转换率超过80%.通过计算该结构在所研究的频率范围内反射光的偏振角和椭圆角,证实了该结构可以在较宽的频率范围内实现高效的线偏振转换.对该结构在偏振转换率高的频率下表面电流和电场进行仿真,分析了高偏振转换率和宽带的机理.同时,研究了该结构的偏振转换率对入射角以及偏振角的依赖性,结果表明该结构在0°-30°入射角范围内、-10°-10°偏振角范围内均有很好的偏振转换性能.     

Underwater asymmetric acoustic transmission structure using the medium with gradient change of impedance

We propose an underwater asymmetric acoustic transmission structure comprised of two media each with a gradient change of acoustic impedance. By gradually increasing the acoustic impedances of the media, the propagating direction of the acoustic wave can be continuously bent, resulting in allowing the acoustic wave to pass through along the positive direction and blocking acoustic waves from the negative one. The main advantages of this structure are that the asymmetric transmission effect of this structure can be realized and enhanced more easily in water. We investigate both numerically and experimentally the asymmetric transmission effect. The experimental results show that a highly efficient asymmetric acoustic transmission can be yielded within a remarkable broadband frequency range, which agrees well with the numerical prediction. It is of potential practical significance for various underwater applications such as reducing vibration and noise.     

Multifunction switching by a flat structurally tunable acoustic metasurface for transmitted waves

In this paper a flat structurally tunable acoustic metasurface is constructed based on the helical unit cell. The length of the acoustic channel can be tuned by the screw-in depth of the helix. Accordingly, the wave phase for the transmitted acoustic wave can be tuned and the wavefront can be manipulated. Then multifunctions such as anomalous refraction, point focusing, beam focusing and self-bending can be realized and switched just by screwing in or out the helixes. At the same time, the broadband operating frequency is also realized. The experiments for anomalous refraction and point focusing are also performed, and the results show that the designed metasurface is effective. The present studies have important applications in dynamic manipulation of acoustic waves by metasurfaces.     

基于薄膜编码超表面的宽频超薄声散射体

该文提出了一种基于薄膜编码超表面的宽频超薄声散射体。利用附加质量块的薄膜和空气腔组成的薄膜结构构建了反射声波相位差接近180°的两种共振单元。将两种共振单元按照一定的顺序进行排列,可以组成深亚波长尺寸下的声学超表面。所构建的声学超表面可以产生宽频有效的散射声场。通过有限元仿真软件对多个频率的近场散射声场分布、远场声指向性和扩散系数进行了仿真计算,仿真结果显示,该散射体可以高效地散射入射声波,并且散射效果在一定的频率范围内是宽频有效的。     

电磁超表面在微波和太赫兹波段雷达散射截面缩减中的应用研究进展

电磁超表面由于其独特的电磁特性为调控电磁波提供了有力工具,合适地设计成编码、随机、相位不连续、完美吸收器等超表面,就能够控制电磁波的散射以及反射特性,实现雷达散射截面的缩减。本文综述了不同的电磁超表面利用漫反射或者吸收等特性实现在微波和太赫兹波段雷达散射截面缩减中的应用。分析表明,编码超表面由不同的数字单元组成,其反射相位差在很宽的频段范围内满足恒定的关系,设计特殊的单元序列使入射的电磁波产生非定向散射,更高bit编码超表面更容易灵活调控电磁波;随机超表面通过调节阵元的尺寸实现宽带移相从而将金属目标特征性强的反射峰打散成一个无规律、杂乱的波,产生漫反射;不连续超表面由于相位不连续可使电磁波发生漫反射或者异常反射;吸收器通过合理设计结构尺寸实现吸收电磁波能量来减小反射。因此电磁超表面在雷达隐身、宽带通讯、成像等方面具有重要的应用前景。最后对电磁超表面在雷达散射截面缩减中应用的发展趋势进行了初步探讨,未来将向着宽带、柔性、大角度等方面发展。     

五模声学超表面理论分析与定向反射声学仿真*

以广义斯奈尔定律为理论依据,对五模声学超表面定向反射的基本原理进行了解析推导和理论分析,获得了五模超表面的理想连续物性参数分布,并给出了五模超表面尺寸设计准则;然后将超表面离散,获得离散单胞的密度和体积模量,并以此为目标进行五模微结构设计,采用均匀化理论计算微结构的等效物性参数;最后,进行了水下声场的声波定向反射调控仿真实验,研究了入射波频率对超表面定向反射性能的影响,仿真结果展现了五模超表面宽频有效的声波调控能力以及调控的可靠性和准确性。本文的研究工作为五模声学超表面的设计和物理实现提供理论指导。     

基于双层超表面的宽带、高效透射型轨道角动量发生器

提出一种宽带、高传输效率的双层超表面,其单元结构是在介质层两边对称刻蚀结构参数相同的十字型金属贴片且将两层超表面沿y方向错位半个周期长度形成.通过引入y方向的错位,双层超表面的透射带宽得到大幅度提升.同时,采用等效电路理论分析了该双层超表面的带宽展宽机理.在此基础上,进一步结合Pancharatnam-Berry相位原...     

基于交叉极化旋转相位梯度超表面的宽带异常反射

设计实现了一种基于双圆弧形金属结构的宽带反射型极化旋转超表面, 在7.9–20.1 GHz的宽频带范围内交叉极化转换率达到99%, 通过改变其结构参数可实现在保持高效的交叉极化转换率的条件下对交叉极化反射相位的自由调控. 基于六种不同结构参数极化旋转超表面结构单元的空间排布设计实现了一维宽带相位梯度超表面, 在宽频带内, 实现了异常反射. 测试了其镜面交叉极化反射率, 与仿真结果基本一致. 仿真计算了x-极化波入射时的电磁场分布和异常反射角度, 与理论计算结果基本一致. 仿真与测试结果均表明这种相位梯度超表面在8.9–10 GHz 和10.0–18.1 GHz的两个宽带频率范围内可分别实现高效的表面波耦合和异常反射.     

Broadband Terahertz Polarization Converter and Asymmetric Transmission Based on Coupled Dielectric‐Metal Grating

Coupled dielectric‐metal gratings are investigated for broadband terahertz (THz) wave polarization conversion and asymmetric transmission by the experiments and numerical simulations, which are composed of the subwavelength Si grating and metallic wire grating layers. The dielectric grating layer with a large artificial birefringence and low dispersion is employed as a phase engineered waveplate, and the metal wire grating arranged with a 45° angle to the dielectric grating is utilized as a high‐efficiency polarizer. Due to the subwavelength integration, this coupled grating presents a local resonance coupling mechanism between dielectric and metal gratings, which greatly enhances the polarization rotation and expands the bandwidth, not a simple combination with dielectric and metallic gratings. The results demonstrate that a broadband asymmetric transmission with an extinction ratio of 30dB from 0.2 to 1.2 THz is achieved and the highest transmission of 90% can be obtained. It provides a simple way towards practical applications for THz artificial dispersion materials, polarization control and asymmetric transmission.     

Broadband and broad-angle asymmetric acoustic transmission by unbalanced excitation of surface evanescent waves based on single-layer metasurface

Currently, complicated structure, incident-angle selectivity, and narrow frequency band are the key drawbacks of the asymmetric acoustic transmission (AAT) devices. Here we tackle these problems by proposing a class of single-layer lossy acoustic metasurfaces. The broadband AAT performance is realized in a broad range of incident angles. When the incident angle is in the range between two critical values, which are derived in this paper, an external sound wave can be converted into an evanescent mode, and the total internal reflection occurs for backward sound. The incident sound wave can be negatively refracted for forward sound if the evanescent mode conversion condition is broken, representing the realization of the AAT. However, the AAT phenomenon cannot be observed outside of the range defined above. The proposed design of highly efficient broad-angle AAT can find applications in sound sensing and noise control.     

单层超薄高效圆极化超表面透镜

针对超表面在透镜方面的应用, 本文设计了一种交叉极化透射聚焦超表面, 实现了将圆极化波转化为交叉极化波的同时聚焦电磁波的功能. 设计了一款旋转型单元, 单元为一层且厚度仅为1.5 mm, 分析了旋转型单元提供不同相移的原理并设计了相邻单元相移差为60°的相位梯度超表面, 在中心频率f=15 GHz附近发生奇异折射, 折射角与理论计算结果一致, 验证了设计单元的有效性, 基于该单元设计了尺寸为90 m mm×90 mm、单元数为15×15 的透射型聚焦超表面, 在中心频率f=15 GHz附近, 左旋圆极化平面波照射时, 透射波聚焦于L=40 mm 的实焦点且透射波为照射波的交叉极化波. 该超表面透镜效率高、厚度薄且为单层, 易于加工, 相对于传统透镜, 优势明显, 在操控电磁波、改善透镜性能方面有潜在应用价值.     

New regions of diffraction reflection in apodized one-dimensional photonic crystals with a large modulation depth

The specific features of light transmission in a cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) cell with a director rotated by 90° have been investigated. In this structure, where a light wave is incident at a large angle with respect to the LC surface, the light is reflected (refracted) in the LC layer near the opposite boundary. It is shown that the application of an electric field changes the character of extraordinary wave refraction, as a result of which light starts passing through a cell. The transmission threshold voltage is determined, and its dependence on the angle of incidence of light is obtained. The dependence of the transmitted-light intensity on the voltage across the cell is obtained as well. The same dependences are also derived by numerical calculations with allowance for the turning points and extinction.     

声学超材料与超表面研究进展

声学超材料是一种人工设计结构的材料,具有超越自然界材料行为的特性,如负折射、反常多普勒效应、平面聚焦等.本文主要介绍了声学超材料近二十年来的相关研究进展,重点论述了超原子声学超材料、超分子声学超材料、超原子簇和超分子簇声学超材料.最后简要介绍了近五年来声学超表面的研究概况和发展趋势.     

Manipulation of acoustic wavefront by transmissive metasurface based on pentamode metamaterials

An underwater acoustic metasurface with sub-wavelength thickness is designed for acoustic wavefront manipulation.In this paper, a pentamode lattice and a frequency-independent generalized acoustic Snell's law are introduced to overcome the limitations of narrow bandwidth and low transmittance. The bulk modulus and effective density of each unit cell can be tuned simultaneously, which are modulated to guarantee the achievement of refractive index profile and high transmission. Here, we actualize anomalous refraction, generation of non-diffracting Bessel beam, sub-wavelength flat focusing,and surface wave conversion by constructing inhomogeneous acoustic metasurface. This design approach has potential applications in medical ultrasound imaging and underwater acoustic communications.     

Ultra-broadband asymmetric acoustic transmission with single transmitted beam

We report both experimentally and numerically that ultra-broadband asymmetric acoustic transmission is realized by a brass plate and a right triangle reflector immersed in water. This exotic phenomenon arises from the asymmetric excitation of the leaky asymmetric zero-order Lamb mode in the brass plate induced by the incident angle of external bulk waves. The results show that the bandwidth of the asymmetric acoustic transmission could reach 2000 k Hz, and the positive transmitted wave is only a single acoustic beam. The device has the advantages of ultra-broadband, single transmitted beam,and simpler structure, which has great potential applications in ultrasonic devices.     

A Janus Logic Gate with Sensing Function

A layered metastructure (LM) formed by a quasi-periodic arrangement of graphene and isotropic dielectric mediums, which can realize the functions of the tunable logic gate and refractive index (RI) sensing based on spin Hall effect (SHE), is theoretically studied. The asymmetric arrangement of the mediums and the increased angle of the incident electromagnetic waves (EWs) equip the LM with Janus feature. Through the modulation of the graphene chemical potential, the sharp absorption peak (AP) in the terahertz (THz) range can be obtained, and then the AP can be used to implement NOT logic and OR logic respectively corresponding to the forward and backward scales. By locating the incident angle of light corresponding to the SHE displacement peak, the linear measurement relationship between RI and SHE angle can be realized, and the widest RI measurement range is 1–1.4 with the angles changing from 21.88° to 61.84°. Additionally, a good linear range can be achieved, owning the optimum sensitivity (S) up to 153.5° RIU⁻¹. The RI sensing still strictly follows the logic functions of the forward NOT and backward OR via adjusting the chemical potential of graphene and discriminating the peak value of SHE displacement.     

A broadband cross-polarization conversion anisotropic metasurface based on multiple plasmon resonances

A compact broadband cross-polarization conversion metasurface functioning in the microwave regime is realized and experimentally demonstrated. The metasurface consists of a two-dimensional periodic arrangement of anisotropic doubleslit split-ring-resonator-based unit cells printed on top of a dielectric substrate, backed by metallic cladding. The proposed metasurface converts an x- or y- polarized wave into its orthogonal polarization over a fractional bandwidth of 100% from 5-15 GHz, both for normal as well as oblique incidence. Moreover, the sub-wavelength unit-cell size, thin dielectric substrate,and unique unit-cell design collectively make the response of the metasurface same for both polarizations and insensitive to the incidence angle. The designed structure is fabricated and tested. The measurement and simulation results are found to be consistent with each other.     

一种宽角域散射增强超表面的研究

提出并验证了一种基于超表面相位梯度设计以实现宽角域后向雷达散射截面(radar cross section, RCS)增强的设计思路.宽角域RCS增强超表面包含两个区域,分别设计大小相等方向相反的相位梯度,控制-45?和45?方向上的入射电磁波沿入射方向返回;电磁波垂直入射时,在一个区域内耦合为表面电磁波,传播至另一区域再次解耦为垂直反射的自由空间波,分别在-45?, 0?, 45?方向上形成散射峰,实现了在-45?—45?的宽角域范围内的RCS增强.仿真了宽角域RCS增强超表面在电磁波以不同角度入射时的电场分布和单站RCS,测试了加工样品在9—12 GHz频带内不同频点处的单站RCS,和仿真结果基本一致.结果表明:设计的宽角域RCS增强超表面在9—12 GHz的宽带频率范围内,在-45?—45?的宽角域范围内对于x和y极化入射波均有良好的RCS增强效果.