新显色剂偶氮胂DBM与轻稀土元素的显色反应及应用

作为稀土显色剂,含不对称胂(膦)酸基的变色酸双偶氮衍生物优于对称的同类化合物。为了进一步提高稀土显色剂的灵敏度和选择性,在不对称变色酸双偶氮衍生物非胂酸基一侧的偶氮基对位上引入推电子基团,邻位引入卤素取代基,得到一系列新的不对称变色酸双偶氮衍生物。其一般结构为:     

偶氮溴膦型衍生物中助色基对稀土元素显色性能影响的研究

变色酸双偶氮类试剂是近十多年来新崛起的一种高灵敏度和高选择性的光度显色剂。在稀土元素的光度分析方面,变色酸双偶氮衍生物比单偶氮衍生物更有实用价值。而在变色酸双偶氮衍生物中,它对稀土元素的分析性能又以不对称型显色剂优于对称型显色剂。我国分析工作者在不对称变色酸双偶氮类稀土显色剂的研制和应用方面进行了不少工作,也取得了一些新的成果。作者在以往对不对称变色酸双偶氮氯膦型显色剂系统研究的基础上,继续保留主要分析     

多卤代变色酸双偶氮类试剂分子结构与稀土、铀、钍元素显色反应性能关系的研究

多卤代变色酸双偶氮类试剂,是比其它的变色酸双偶氮类试剂具有更高的灵敏度和更优越的选择性的显色剂。为了研究该类试剂的分子结构与其吸光性能的关系,我们设计合成了不同分析功能团、不同取代位置;以及不同助色团、不同取代位置的共33个试剂。通过对这些试剂与稀土、铀、钍元素的显色反应的研究,初步总结出了试剂的分子结构与其吸光性关系的一些规律。(一)试剂结构     

一组不对称变色酸双偶氮肿类试剂的合成及其与稀土等元素显色反应研究

本文设计、合成了一组新的不对称变色酸双偶氮胂类稀土显色剂。对新试剂进行了提纯鉴定,确定了组成及结构,研究了它们与稀土、钍、锆的显色反应性能。实验证明,试剂分子结构对其反应性能的影响有一定的规律性。其中o-As-DBN试剂是较优良的钍显色剂,毫克级的稀土、铀不干扰测定。     

新显色剂间三氟甲基偶氮氯膦(CPAmCF_3)光度法测定铁基和铝基合金中稀土总量的研究

近年来,我国研制成的一系列不对称的变色酸双偶氮衍生物,由于其优异性能而被认为是有发展前途的一类稀土显色剂。含有高电负性多氟取代基的CPAmCF_3就是其中之一。前     

对乙酰基偶氮胂分光光度法测定矿石中钍

在钍的分光光度法中,普遍采用以偶氮胂Ⅲ为代表的一类对称变色酸双偶氮型试剂。这类试剂虽然对钍有较高的灵敏度,然而选择性不很理想。对乙酰基偶氮胂[2-(2-胂酸基偶氮)-7-(4-乙酰基苯偶氮)-1,8-二羟基萘-3,6-二磺酸]是武汉大学化学系研制出的一种不对称双偶氮型试剂,具有比偶氮胂Ⅲ更好的光度特性,目前国内已开始在矿石中应用。本文就对乙酰基偶氮胂测定钍的条件,共存元素的干扰及消除方法进行了详细的试验。通过对比,     

偶氮氯膦-mK(CPA-mK)光度法测定钍的研究

光度法测钍的显色剂报道不多,应用较多的是偶氮胂类显色剂。本文通过对功能基团的改造,寻找分析性能比偶氮胂类更好的显色剂,从而探讨了不对称变色酸双偶氮氯膦型显色剂作为光度法测钍的可能性。并对其中的CPA-mK与钍形成络合物的条件,性质进行了系统的研究。CPA-mK的化学名称为2-(3-羧基苯偶氮)-7-(4-氯-2-膦酸基苯偶氮)-1,8-二羟基-3,6-萘二磺酸,其结构式如下:     

树脂相分光光度法研究(Ⅲ)——稀土-硝酸根-变色酸双偶氮类试剂树脂相显色反应

选择了6种常用的变色酸双偶氮类试剂作为稀土树脂相显色剂,初步探讨了影响树脂吸附率的因素。实验表明,在硝酸介质中,在大量NO₃^-存在下,三氯偶氮胂和三溴偶氮胂可应用于稀土树脂相分光光度法。     

DBF-偶氮氯膦分光光度法富集测定水中痕量铋

铋是环境中的稀有分散元素,在地壳中的丰度约为0．2mg／L,海水和天然水中也有铋存在。铋对人体是有毒元素,主要积累在哺乳动物的肾脏,造成病变。白鼠试验表明,1．5mg／d有中毒症状,160mg／d中毒致死,用含铋27mg／L的废水浇灌农作物,会使农作物中毒枯死,因此有必要探索水样中铋含量的测定方法。水样中铋含量测定可采用三波长吸光光度法,但该方法对仪器精度要求较高。近几年,一些新的不对称变色酸双偶氮衍生物试剂成为光度法测定铋的重要显色剂,该类方法具有分析速度快、灵敏度和选择性较高的特点。笔者利用DBF-偶氮氯膦分光光度法测定水样中的铋含量,该法未见文献报道。     

不对称变色酸双偶氮氟胂型新显色剂的合成及其与钍的显色反应研究

合成了8种不对称变色酸双偶氮氟胂型新显色剂，并研究了它们与钍的显色反应，建立了最佳反应体系。试验发现由于引入了吸电子性极强的氟取代基，反应体系的酸度、选择性及灵敏度大为提高，是一组很好的测钍显色剂。     

新试剂2-(2-氰基-4-硝基-6-溴苯偶氮)-6-异丙基苯酚的合成及金属离子显色反应

本文以２－氰基－４－硝基－６－溴苯胺为原料，经重氮化后与邻异丙基苯酚偶联，合成２－（２－氰基－４－硝基－６－溴苯偶氮）－６－异丙基苯酚，用乙醇重结晶精制。用元素分析，波谱等鉴定其结构，并测定其离解常数，研究该试剂的一般性质。发现其与Ｃｕ２＋、Ｎｉ２＋、Ｃｏ２＋等的显色反应在吐温８０表面活性剂存在下有较高的灵敏度。     

Synthesis of 4,5-dihydroxybenzofurans and 4,5-dihydroxyindoles by dehalogenation of halo derivatives

A preparative method for the synthesis of derivatives of 4,5-dihydroxybenzofuran and 4,5-dihydroxyindole by dehalogenation of 4,5-dihydroxy-6-chloro(or bromo) and 4,5-dihydroxy-6,7-dichloro derivatives of benzofuran and indole with heating in aqueous ethanol over Raney nickel has been proposed.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1322–1324.     

Synthesis and fluorescence properties of substituted 7‐aminocoumarin‐3‐carboxylate derivatives

4‐Trifluoromethyl‐ or 6‐bromo‐substituted 7‐diethylaminocoumarin‐3‐carboxamide derivatives 2 and 3, each containing a maleimide have been synthesized as potential fluorescent labeling reagents for thiol groups in proteins and their fluorescence properties have been determined. The 4‐trifluoromethyl substituted compound 2 has a significantly greater Stokes shift than the comparable compound lacking this group, but both the new coumarins have low fluorescence quantum yields (?_f). When a 4‐trifluoromethyl substituent is present, the 3‐carboxamide is unusually labile to hydrolysis. Bromination of ethyl 7‐diethylaminocoumarin‐3‐carboxylate 17 gave the 6‐ and 8‐bromo derivatives 18 and 19 respectively, and also the 8‐bromo‐7‐monoethylamino compound 20. ?_f for the latter compound is 100‐fold greater than for its diethylamino analogue 19. Fluorescence lifetime measurements support an interpretation based on the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) model to explain these large differences in ?_f.     

Fluorimetric and absorptiometric determination of dissociation constants and chromogenic reactions of benzyl 2-pyridyl ketone 2-quinolylhydrazone

The dissociation constants in the ground state of benzyl 2-pyridyl ketone 2-quinolylhydrazone (BPKQH) have been determined fluorimetrically and spectrophotometrically in aqueous ethanol medium. The pK(a) values of this compound in the excited state have also been established. The analytical properties of the reagent and its chromogenic reactions with some metal ions were studied.     

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some New 1,5-Benzothiazepine Derivatives and Their Ribofuranosides

( - )- cis -2(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy/methoxy-6,8-dichloro/6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-4[5H/5-chloroacetyl/5-(4'-methylpiperazino-1')acetyl]-ones have been synthesized by the condensation of 2-amino-3,5-dichloro/3-chloro benzenethiol with methyl-( - )- trans -3(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate in xylene. Ribofuranosides viz ( - )- cis -2(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-6,8-dichloro/6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepine-4-[5-(2',3',5'-tri- O -benzoyl- g -D-ribofuranosyl)-ones have been synthesized by the treatment of 3-methoxy derivatives of 1,5-benzothiazepines with sugar viz g -D-ribofuranose-1-acetate-2,3,5-tribenzoate in toluene at vacuo. Synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H NMR spectral studies and screened for their antimicrobial activity.     

Detection reagents used for on-plate identification of organic pesticides in biological samples with preliminary separation by TLC/HPTLC

Many specific and non-specific chromogenic spray reagents have been used to detect organic pesticides (organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamates, and pyrethroids) on thin-layer chromatographic (TLC)/high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) plates. To realize high sensitivity and improved selectivity, several chromogenic reagents have been introduced. The physical properties of organic pesticides reported so far are also presented in tabular form. The colors produced on TLC plates due to reactions taking place between pesticides and spray reagents are illustrated in the form of chromatograms, and reaction mechanism is also presented.

     

Studies of the dissociation and the protonation of TB-chlorosulphophenol

The dissociation constant of each step for TB-chlorosulphophenol has been determined by potentiometric method, and the thermodynamic constants, △G°, △H° and △S°, of the dissociation process have been calculated. The protonation constants were measured by the spectrophotometric method. The pH values of various forms of anions of the chromogenic reagent at their concentrations were also calculated.     

New Synthesis and Properties of 3-Alkyl-, 3-Chloroalkyl-, 3-Perfluoroalkyl-, and 3-Aryl-1-methyl-(5-halo)pyrazoles from Chloro(bromo)vinyl Ketones and N,N-Dimethylhydrazine

A new regioselective heterocyclization was revealed in the reaction of 2-chloro- and 2,2-dichloro(bromo)vinyl ketones with N,N-dimethylhydrazine to afford 3-substituted 1-methyl(5-halo)pyrazoles. The reaction is accompanied by elimination of methyl halide and formation of up to 90% of N,N,N-trimethylhydrazinium halide as the second product.     

三氮烯试剂的结构与性能关系的研究

为建立三氮烯试剂结构与性能的关系, 我们研究了在非离子型表面活性剂TritonX-100存在下, 上述试剂亚氨基氢的酸性离解常数及镉(II)与上述试剂的显色反应。研究结果表明: (1)三氮烯试剂亚氨基氢的酸性离解常数遵循Hammett方程式, 其反应常数ρ=2.23; (2)试剂的亚氨基氢的酸性离解常数(pKa)与试剂和镉(II)显色反应的最佳酸度(pH最佳)之间的经验关系式为pH最佳=pKa-(1.70±0.20)。     

Bisdiazonium tetrafluoroborates as arylating agents in anionarylation of acrylamides and methacrylamides

Bisdiazonium tetrafluoroborates derived from benzidine, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone have been used as arylating reagents in the reactions of chloro-, bromo-, and thiocyanatoarylation of acrylamides and methacrylamides. Anionarylation proceeds via two diazo groups to give 3,3′-[4,4′-biphenyl(methane, sulfone)]bis[2-chloro(bromo, thiocyanato)(2-methyl)propionamides].