The kinetics of the chlorate-bisulfite and chlorate-sulfite/bisulfite reaction systems

The kinetics of the reactions of ClO₃ ⁻ with HSO₃ ⁻ and H₂SO₃ was studied by measuring the concentration of [Cl⁻] and [H⁺] both in chlorate-bisulfite and chlorate-sulfite/bisulfite solutions. A reaction mechanism was applied for simulation of the experimental observations. Rate constants k₁ = (1±0.5)·10⁻⁴ M⁻¹ s⁻¹ and k₂ = (0.23±0.01) M⁻¹ s⁻¹ were determined for the following reactions:

Calorimetric search for reliable excess enthalpy data as a function of temperature

In the search of a useful method for determining excess enthalpies as a function of temperature Calvet calorimetry was employed. To this end, excess molar enthalpies

FT-IR Investigation of the State of Iron(III) Chloride Clusters Confined in AOT Reverse Micelles Dispersed in Carbon Tetrachloride

The state of the water-soluble salt iron(III) chloride in AOT reverse micelles dispersed in carbon tetrachloride has been investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy. Interestingly, while the entrapment of a lot of water-soluble inorganic salts in AOT reverse micelles requires preliminarily the presence of significant amounts of water within the micellar core, solubilization of FeCl₃ occurs without the need to add water in the micellar solution reaching the very high solubility value, expressed as the maximum salt-to-surfactant molar ratio, of 1.30. The analysis of the spectral features of the investigated samples leads to hypothesize that iron(III) chloride is confined within the reverse micellar core as small size melted clusters of ionic species arising from the reactions

Solubility of Rhodochrosite (MnCO3) in NaCl Solutions

The solubility of rhodochrosite (MnCO₃) at 25°C under constant carbon dioxide partial pressure p(CO₂) was determined in NaCl solutions as a function of ionic strength I. The dissolution of MnCO₃(s) for the reaction

Solubility of Siderite (FeCO3) in NaCl Solutions

The solubility of siderite (FeCO₃) at 25°C under constant CO₂ partial pressure [p(CO₂)] was determined in NaCl solutions as a function of ionic strength. The dissolution of FeCO₃(s) for the reaction

Kinetic studies on the dissociation of triethylenetetramine complexes of nickel(II) and copper(II) in aqueous acid media

From stopped-flow spectrophotometric studies on the kinetics of dissociation of [M(trien)]²⁺ (M=Cu^II, Ni^II) to M _aq ²⁺ and trien H ₄ ⁴⁺ in aqueous acid medium, it has been established that the reaction occurs in a complex manner conforming to the relation

Thermodynamic properties of the ternary oxides in the Eu–Ru–O system by using solid-state electrochemical cells

The Gibbs free energies of formation of Eu₃RuO₇(s) and Eu₂Ru₂O₇(s) have been determined using solid-state electrochemical technique employing oxide ion conducting electrolyte. The reversible electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the following solid-state electrochemical cells have been measured:

Thermodynamic Study of the NaCl + Na2SO4 + H2O System by Emf Measurements at Four Temperatures

Activity coefficients for sodium chloride in the NaCl + Na₂SO₄ + H₂O ternary system were determined from emf measurements of the cell

Kinetics of osmium(VIII) catalysis of periodate oxidation of DMF in aqueous alkaline medium

The osmium(VIII) catalysed IO₄ ⁻ oxidation of DMF in aqueous alkaline medium follows the rate law:

Iodine Hydrolysis Equilibrium

The equilibrium constant for the hydrolytic disproportionation of I₂

The Dependence of the PdCl 4 2− /Pd0 Electrode Potential on the Dispersity of Metallic Palladium

It was found that metastable equilibrium in the heterogeneous reaction

Kinetics and mechanism of substitution of aqua ligands fromcis-diaqua-bis(bipyridyl ruthenium(II)) complex by salicylhydroxamic acid in aqueous medium

The kinetics of substitution of aqua ligands fromcis-[Ru(bipy)₂(H₂O)₂]²⁺ ion by salicylhydroxamic acid (L) in aqueous medium has been studied spectrophotometrically at different temperatures (50–65°C). The following rate law has been established in the pH range 4.0 to 5.8;

Kinetics of no decomposition over Cu/ZSM-5 catalyst

The kinetics of catalytic decomposition of NO over Cu/ZSM-5 catalyst has been studied in an integral flow reactor at atmospheric pressure. Kinetic analysis is based on the assumption that the surface reaction represents the rate-determining step. On the basis of theoretical considerations of different interactions between reactants and catalyst, and experimental evidences, three different mechanistic kinetic models were chosen. Also a power-law model was tested. The best agreement has been achieved with the model

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of hydroxylamine by tetrachloroaurate(III) ion

The oxidation of H₂NOH is first-order both in [NH₃OH⁺] and [AuCl₄ ^–]. The rate is increased by the increase in [Cl^–] and decreased with increase in [H⁺]. The stoichiometry ratio, [NH₃OH⁺]/[AuCl₄ ^–], is 1. The mechanism consists of the following reactions.

Mechanism of Gold Activation in Supported Gold Catalysts for CO Oxidation

Based on the structure of characterization of Au/Fe₂O₃ catalysts, the mechanism of gold activation in supported gold catalysts was proposed as follow:

Sharp upper bounds for total π-electron energy of alternant hydrocarbons

The energy E(G) of a graph G is defined as the sum of the absolute values of all the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of the graph G. This quantity is used in chemistry to approximate the total π-electron energy of molecules and in particular, in case G is bipartite, alternant hydrocarbons. In this paper, we show that if G = (V ₁, V ₂; E) is a bipartite graph with edges and , then

The Second Dissociation Constant of Carbonic Acid in Ethanol–Water Mixtures from 5 to 45°C

The determination of the second dissociation constant of carbonic acid K ₂ in 5, 15, and 25 mass% ethanol—water mixed solvents has been made using cell of the type:

Potential energy function based on the narcissus constant,its square and its cube

The narcissus constant, N = 2.3983843828..., is defined as a number that fulfills the narcissistic infinite nested radical equation

The thermodynamic viability of yttria-stabilized zirconia pH sensors for high temperature aqueous solutions

The thermodynamic viability of the yttria-stabilized zirconia sensor (YSZS) [H₂O, H⁺/ZrO₂(Y₂O₃)/HgO/Hg] for the measurement of pH in high temperature aqueous solutions is evaluated by measuring potentials for this electrode and a conventional hydrogen electrode (HE) against a common reference electrode in a variety of solutions [0.01m H₃PO₄, 1m Na₂SO₄, 0.01m B(OH)₃+0.01m KOH, and 0.01m KOH] at temperatures from 298.15K (25°C) to 573.115K (300°C). In order to compare theoretical and experimental potentials for the cell

A comparative kinetic and mechanistic study of glutamic acid oxidation by acid permanganate in the absence and presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate

The kinetics and mechanism of glutamic acid (GCO₂H) oxidation by acid permanganate has been carried out in the absence and presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The surfactant enhances the reaction rate without changing the reaction mechanism. The overall rate expression for the reduction of Mn^VII may be written: