Analysis of distribution of partially polarized light

A new method for characterization of the distribution of the partially polarized light is described. Analysis of distribution is based on three dimensional radial distribution function. The radial distribution function is useful method of determining type of the distribution of partially polarized light. For uniformity analysis of the distribution method which is based on calculation of the correlation coefficient is presented.     

Propagation of non-uniformly polarized beams in a turbulent atmosphere

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral, the propagation of non-uniformly polarized (NUP) beam in a turbulent atmosphere has been investigated. The influence of the source parameters and the atmospheric turbulence on the intensity distribution and polarization distribution has been studied in great details. It is shown that the non-uniform polarization of the beam influences the intensity distribution and makes the polarization distribution oscillate in the output plane. It is also found that the atmospheric turbulence can reduce the influence of non-uniform polarization of the beam on the intensity distribution and polarization distribution in the output plane.     

光纤耦合LD输出光场特性研究

根据光纤传输的模式理论,分析了单芯光纤输出端面的光场分布.利用单模光纤测量了纤端光场的强度分布,拟合了光纤输出端面光强分布的近似表达式.根据此数值计算和实验测量了多芯光纤输出端面的强度分布,结果基本吻合.表明光纤出射端面的光强分布应是介于高斯分布和几何分布之间的一种准高斯分布.     

Kinetic theory of rarefied plasma: The effective action method

A kinetic theory of rarefied plasma that is based on the construction of propagators for distribution functions is developed. The feature of this theory, which is physically equivalent to the standard kinetic theory, is that propagators being constructed for distribution functions are themselves dependent on these distribution functions.     

The distribution of first-passage times and durations in FOREX and future markets

Possible distributions are discussed for intertrade durations and first-passage processes in financial markets. The view-point of renewal theory is assumed. In order to represent market data with relatively long durations, two types of distributions are used, namely a distribution derived from the Mittag-Leffler survival function and the Weibull distribution. For the Mittag-Leffler type distribution, the average waiting time (residual life time) is strongly dependent on the choice of a cut-off parameter t_max, whereas the results based on the Weibull distribution do not depend on such a cut-off. Therefore, a Weibull distribution is more convenient than a Mittag-Leffler type if one wishes to evaluate relevant statistics such as average waiting time in financial markets with long durations. On the other hand, we find that the Gini index is rather independent of the cut-off parameter. Based on the above considerations, we propose a good candidate for describing the distribution of first-passage time in a market: The Weibull distribution with a power-law tail. This distribution compensates the gap between theoretical and empirical results more efficiently than a simple Weibull distribution. It should be stressed that a Weibull distribution with a power-law tail is more flexible than the Mittag-Leffler distribution, which itself can be approximated by a Weibull distribution and a power-law. Indeed, the key point is that in the former case there is freedom of choice for the exponent of the power-law attached to the Weibull distribution, which can exceed 1 in order to reproduce decays faster than possible with a Mittag-Leffler distribution. We also give a useful formula to determine an optimal crossover point minimizing the difference between the empirical average waiting time and the one predicted from renewal theory. Moreover, we discuss the limitation of our distributions by applying our distribution to the analysis of the BTP future and calculating the average waiting time. We find that our distribution is applicable as long as durations follow a Weibull law for short times and do not have too heavy a tail.     

熔池表面形状对电弧电流密度分布的影响

电弧电流密度分布决定着电弧热流密度、电弧压力的分布,是了解焊接电弧物理本质,建立 焊接过程数学模型的基础.根据电弧物理的基本原理,建立了电弧电流密度在变形熔池表面 上的分布模型,定量分析了熔池表面形状对电流密度分布的影响规律.计算表明,电流密度 在电弧中心线附近呈双峰分布,在离开电弧中心线一定距离处变为单峰分布,熔池表面形状 对电流密度分布有明显的影响.基于该模型计算的焊缝几何形状与实测结果符合得较好. 关键词： 熔池表面变形 电流密度 分布模型     

子孔径布局对拼接光学系统像质的影响

 由衍射理论模型出发,分析了子孔径布局对光学系统点扩散函数的影响,从而进行傅里叶变换计算出其对光学系统光学传递函数的影响|并由光学设计软件内嵌程序将子孔径布局实际地加入到设计的光学系统中,分析各种不同子孔径布局对光学系统像质的影响.通过由衍射理论出发的计算结果与设计软件内嵌程序的模拟仿真结果的对比,软件内嵌程序的模拟仿真结果得以验证.针对子孔径布局对具有相同相对孔径光学系统的影响进行了仿真计算,对与子孔径拼接原理样机具有相同相对孔径和中心遮拦比的反射式光学系统,针对相同孔径布局对其光学传递函数的影响进行了实际测试,通过仿真计算结果与测试结果的对比分析表明,孔径布局对具有相同相对孔径拼接光学系统的光学传递函数影响趋势一致的结论,从而为子孔径拼接原理样机研究的实用性及像质检测提供了理论依据.     

Influence of statistical distribution properties on ultrafast random-number generation using chaotic semiconductor lasers

We study the influence of statistical distribution properties on ultrafast random-number generators (RNGs) using chaotic laser system consisting of a semiconductor laser subject to dual-chaotic optical injections. Two completely different distributions are considered in this paper: one is a long-tailed distribution, and the other is a well-fitted Gaussian distribution. The numerical results show that, using minimum post-processing, symmetric distribution allows for the extraction of 4 least significant bits (LSBs) per sample; while for the asymmetric distribution the produced sequence based on the last LSB still exhibits certain bias. In other words, the important role of symmetric distribution in fast generation of random bits using multi-bit extraction scheme is demonstrated in numerical simulations.     

基于étendue量的液晶投影物镜相对照度分析

基于非成像光学的étendue量对液晶投影显示照明系统和投影物镜进行匹配,对液晶投影物镜的相对照度进行分析,根据étendue量计算照明系统液晶板照明面的发光强度分布,与根据朗伯体服从余弦分布的计算相对照度的算法进行比较,并对相对照度的Rimmer算法进行修正,分析和实验表明,修正算法得到的投影物镜相对照度计算更符合实际情况,对于投影物镜确定渐晕系数、校正像差有利.     

抽运光对激光束空间分布影响程度的估算方法研究

为便于评价两种光场空间分布之间的偏离程度，引入一个数学参数δ进行研究。将该参数应用到谐振腔内分析了抽运光空间分布对基模振荡光光束质量的影响。这种影响主要表现为：若抽运光在激光介质中引起非均匀的增益分布，基模振荡光将偏离高斯分布。利用δ参数对这种影响的程度进行了定量估算。定量研究表明：δ参数可以直观地反映泵浦光分布对激光器光束质量的影响程度，而且在激光器的设计中δ参数的大小可衡量泵浦光分布的优劣。对于端面泵浦二极管泵浦固体激光器（DPL），稳恒运转下最理想的抽运光分布形式是高斯型抽运光，其半径等于谐振腔的基模高斯振荡光半径。     

螺旋带面电流分布研究

 由于实验无法准确测量螺旋带上的面电流分布,在详细比较理论分析与软件模拟异同的基础上,应用3维电磁场计算软件HFSS研究了螺旋带相对宽度与面电流分布的关系。研究表明：螺旋带相对宽度越大,面电流分布越不均匀;当Floquet边界的相位移为90°时,面电流分布最不均匀;面电流分布的均匀性假设在不同频率下有不同的准确程度。     

煤颗粒内水分介电各向异性分布的研究

煤中水分的分布是煤科学研究中的一个重要问题。本文把煤介电常数的各向异性性质结合微波加热技术,对煤中水分的分布规律进行实验研究,然后建立了水分分布模型进行理论分析,理论分析结果与实验结果进行比较分析,结果基本吻合。最后给出由模型计算所得的典型煤种的水分分布预测曲线。     

抽运光分布对二极管抽运激光器振荡光光束质量的影响

研究了二极管抽运激光器（DPL）中抽运光的空间分布对振荡光光束质量的影响.通过对端面 抽运情形下光场运动方程的研究，发现不均匀的空间增益分布会影响激光振荡的模式，并且 使得基模振荡光偏离高斯分布.引入一个称之为抽运光影响因子参数，来判断这种影响的程 度.研究表明，这个参数计算方便而且实用.在对基模调Q脉冲激光的研究中发现，由于抽运 光的影响，脉冲前沿的场分布将由远离高斯分布向接近高斯分布变化，称之为脉冲前沿的场 倏变现象. 关键词： 激光二极管 二极管抽运激光器 光束质量     

基于水动力学的水体组分垂直结构对遥感信号的影响

基于水动力模型和辐射传输模型,模拟不同风速条件下水体组分(浮游植物和悬浮颗粒物)垂直分布对遥感反射率的影响,对比分析现有的两种水体光学均一函数(Zaneveld权重函数和Gordon权重函数)在不同层化程度水体中的应用。结果表明,悬浮颗粒物垂直分布对500～650nm范围内的遥感反射率(Rrs)影响较大,随着参考深度悬浮颗粒物质量浓度增加(由5～70mg/L),悬浮颗粒物垂直分布对Rrs的影响不断减小(变异系数由27.46%减小到3.38%),同时Rrs受到悬浮颗粒物影响的最大波长位置向长波方向移动(由585nm逐渐移动到685nm);在浮游植物垂直分布影响下,400～725nm范围内的Rrs值随着风速的增加呈现先增加再逐渐减小趋势,400～450nm范围内的Rrs受浮游植物垂直分布影响较小,变异系数仅为1%;500～600nm范围内的Rrs受浮游植物垂直分布影响较大,最大变异系数可达27.18%。在水体组分层化较弱水体中,Zaneveld与Gordon权重函数对水体光学均一处理效果较为相似;但在水体组分层化较为严重的水体中,Zaneveld权重函数光学均一处理效果要好于Gordon权重函数。     

The effect of tilt aberration and astigmatism of turbulent atmosphere on the intensity distribution of a vortex carrying Gaussian beam

The effect of tilt and astigmatism aberration of the turbulent atmosphere on the intensity distribution of a focused vortex carrying Gaussian beam was investigated based on the extended Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral and the quadratic approximation of phase structure function. Our results have shown that the intensity distribution on the focal plane in the effect of tilt aberration changes with the turbulent strength, the propagation distance and the topological charge of the initial beam. The propagation distance is larger, the focal spot size will be larger, and the central dip will be less deep. It is also noticed that the intensity distribution of a beam with single topological charge is affected more by tilt aberration in comparison to the beam with double topological charge. The effect of astigmatism on the intensity distribution is quite less than that of tilt aberration. For focused beam propagation in atmosphere, the effect of the tilt aberration on the intensity distribution of optical vortex beam is the main effect of total turbulent aberration.     

Semi-Quantum Key Distribution Protocols with GHZ States

With the development of information security, quantum key distribution (QKD) has attracted much attention. Because of the lower requirement on quantum capability, more attention is paid to semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD). Two semi-quantum key distribution protocols based on GHZ states are proposed. The first protocol can achieve quantum key distribution between one classical party and one quantum party by cooperating with a third party with a strong quantum capability. Under the same conditions, the second one can achieve quantum key distribution between two classical parties. And the proposed semi-quantum key distribution protocols are free from some common attacks. It is significant for communication party without enough quantum devices to achieve quantum communication.     

Determination of the refractive index profile of polymer optical fiber preform by the transverse ray tracing method

In graded-index polymer optical fiber (GI-POF), the refractive index profile is an important parameter in defining its bandwidth. However, direct determination of the refractive index profile of GI-POF is difficult due to its extreme thinness. In this study, the refractive index distribution of the GI-POF is indirectly determined by measuring the refractive index distribution of the GI-POF perform by applying the transverse ray tracing method to a simplified measurement system that we developed.In this system, a parallel tabular ray is irradiated transversely to a GI-POF preform. The transverse ray from the preform is then projected on a screen, and its digital image is processed to calculate the refractive index distribution. The calculation is based on a transverse ray simulation, a computer program that we developed in which the refractive index distribution of the preform is determined by comparing the displacement of the transverse ray projected on the screen with the actual measurement.The accuracy of this new measurement method is validated by comparing the refractive index distribution of a GI-POF preform with the refractive index distribution measured by the conventional method using an interferometer. We find that the refractive index distribution measured by this novel method agrees well with that measured by the conventional method.     

X射线脉冲星累积轮廓建模及信号辨识

为减少X射线脉冲星信号辨识所需的观测时间, 提出一种基于轮廓光子分布统计量的辨识算法. 用该方法分析了观测数据按不同周期累积所获轮廓的光子分布差异, 按累积周期正确与否, 对轮廓进行分类建模. 基于两类轮廓模型, 研究了光子分布统计量的性质差异, 以此进行信号辨识. 利用罗西X射线时变探测器数据进行了辨识实验, 结果表明该算法有效地减少了辨识所需的观测时间, 且不存在误检问题.     

1维线阵离轴高斯光束的分数傅里叶变换

 为研究非相干的1维线阵离轴高斯光束通过分数傅里叶变换(FRFT)系统的传输特性,利用Collins积分公式,导出了其在FRFT面上的光强分布解析式,并利用此解析式作数值计算和分析。研究表明：非相干的1维线阵离轴高斯光束在FRFT面上的光强分布由FRFT的阶数和子光束数目共同决定,其归一化的光强分布随FRFT的阶数周期性变化,周期为2;子光束数目的大小及其奇偶性对归一化光强分布的影响取决于FRFT的阶数;轴上归一化光强分布也随FRFT的阶数周期性变化,变化周期也为2。     

基于MATLAB的LED阵列的研究与仿真

由于单颗LED的功率很小,作为照明光源使用时需要采用LED阵列形式。首先推导LED阵列的照度叠加公式,根据叠加公式对阵列进行仿真,以圆形为例分析LED在平面上的均匀分布以及以球表面为例分析LED在曲面上的均匀分布。给出两种LED阵列分布的仿真结果,得出不同阵列的分布特点。指出圆面阵列的照射范围比较集中,此类阵列分布的灯具适用于照射面较小且比较集中的照射领域;球表面上的阵列的照射分布范围比较广,呈圆面,此类阵列分布的灯具适用于照射面较大但照度要求不是很高的照射区域。该结果为LED灯具设计提供了依据。