光子晶体器件进展

光子晶体对光具有独特的局域、反射、传导、分束、耦合、调制、慢光等操纵能力,使其成为微/纳光电集成的重要材料之一。介绍了光子晶体的几种重要物理特性——带隙特性、慢光特性、自准直和负折射特性,叙述了光子晶体集成器件方面所取得的最新进展,对光子晶体器件的发展动向做了展望。     

光纤陀螺仪及有关器件的研究

介绍了一种大有发展前途的新型光电仪表——光纤陀螺仪，它在火箭、飞机和舰船的导航系统中，以及机械人、汽车和石油钻井领域中有着广泛的用途。分析了全光纤型、集成光学型和谐振腔型光纤陀螺仪，讨论了有关的器件和发展动向。     

集成透镜InGaAsP/InP DH LED特性研究

本文设计与制作了集成球透镜1.3μm InGaAsP/InP DH LED,并对集成透镜LED的频响特性,光强远场分布以及与光纤的耦合特性等方面进行了测试分析.研究结果表明,球透镜LED与标准光纤的耦合效率较之乎面型LED有显著提高,达7.5%,器件截止频率也比平面型LED提高的20%,最高截止带宽达425MHz.     

一种光电混合集成有源光双稳器件

本文报道一种光电混合集成的有源双稳态器件,它仅由一只半导体激光器,两只PIN光电探测器及几只电子元器件构成.实验上得到了光学迟滞回线,显示了光开关、光存储、光脉冲整形等功能.文中简述了器件工作原理,光电混合集成制作工艺技术及性能指标.     

新型非对称Y分支波导设计与分析

非对称型Y分支波导是用于实现分支波导光功率非均分输出的重要单元器件,在集成光子器件中有广泛应用.基于全内反射原理,提出了一种新型非对称Y分支波导,通过将左右分支波导相对于输入波导在横向方向上进行偏移以实现特定分束比光输出,并对其光学特性进行模拟分析.结果表明,该波导结构不仅能实现任意特定分束比光输出,在分支角达到14°条件下其输出损耗仅为0.417 dB,而且偏振依赖性低、工艺制作难度小,这种新型非对称Y分支波导在集成光子器件中具有重要应用意义.     

全固态光束控制器件结构设计与热分析研究

相比传统机械扫描,光学相控阵技术在扫描精度、扫描速度、转动惯量等方面具有优势,是实现大视场范围内多目标定位和三维成像的重要技术途径。随着微纳光子集成的发展,硅基光波导光学相控阵器件得到了广泛研究,并被视为全景光电成像和激光成像雷达的核心器件。介绍了硅基光波导光学相控阵的基本原理和数学模型,并设计了一个16元相控阵器件,对其温度场分布和热特性进行了分析。在此基础上,对光栅耦合器、MMI分束器、波导光栅天线等关键元件进了有限元分析和仿真,完成优化设计。基于该设计完成了器件的流片制备,并搭建了性能测试验证平台。利用该平台对器件的扫描精度（1.2°）、扫描范围（大于±30°）和扫描速度（20 kHz）分别进行了测试,验证了设计方法的可行性。     

光纤中的集成光学与离散光学

光纤集成光学和离散光学有望成为光子学集成的一个新分支。这种集成技术可以通过离散的方法方便地在一根光纤中控制和操纵光波,也为集成光学与离散光学的研究提供了一个灵活方便的平台,为微光子器件和系统集成提供了一种有效的方法和手段。文章简要总结了在光纤内实现光学器件集成和微光学系统集成的主要思想和关键技术,探讨了离散光学需要考虑的核心内容,为该方向的进一步发展提供了若干前期的研究基础。     

高准确度光纤陀螺中相位调制的控制研究

在相位调制器基础上,提出了围绕干涉型光纤陀螺的闭环控制方案.对高准确度光纤陀螺中Y波导集成光学器件的调制特性及系统测试方法进行了研究,对其应用及光路各环节配合的技术进行了探讨,对该器件在光纤陀螺系统中的特性和测试系统进行讨论.在高准确度光纤陀螺中取得明显效果.目前,工程样机的零偏稳定性已达到0.02°/h.     

埋入光纤挠性基板的光电耦合模块设计

为了提高埋入光纤挠性基板光电互联系统中激光束与光纤之间的耦合效率,设计了一种可分离式的高效光电耦合模块。对耦合模块的结构尺寸进行了设计,并运用Matlab软件分析了激光束经过45°全反射镜时的能流变化情况;针对芯径为62.5μm、数值孔径为0.25的多模光纤,利用Zemax软件仿真模拟光纤耦合系统,并用正交下降法优化耦合系统结构,将单路波长为1 310 nm、输出功率为1 W的垂直腔面激光束耦合进光纤。分析结果表明,耦合效率与轴向偏差、角向偏差成中心对称分布,当制造误差最大时,耦合效率达到79.37%,耦合损耗为1. 00 d B。该光电耦合模块具有较高的定位误差,最高耦合效率可达85.35%,最低耦合损耗为0.69 d B。     

PdSe2纳米线薄膜/Si异质结近红外集成光电探测器

提出了一种PdSe2纳米线(NWs)薄膜/Si异质结近红外集成光电探测器.采用热辅助硒化预先制备Pd NWs的方法合成大面积PdSe2 NWs,通过组装和转移NWs可制备包含8×8器件单元的集成光电探测器.光电性能测试结果表明,所设计的器件在200～1300 nm宽波段范围内均有明显的光响应,峰值位于810 nm附近.在零偏压下,器件在810 nm处的响应度(R)为166mA·W-1,当施加-2V偏压时,R值显著提高至3.24 A·W-1.此外,集成器件呈现出优异的均匀性,64个器件的电流开关比均为60左右.由于良好的性能均匀性,该集成光电探测器可应用于图像传感领域,能可靠地记录近红外光投射的"LASDOP"字母图像,展示了潜在的应用前景.     

Polymer based optical interconnect components for high-speed Datacom approaches - Micromachining supported manufacturing

Optical data communication will play an important role in future high speed data links. Especially in Datacom applications data rates in Gbps area will be desired. An overall low cost approach is needed on both sides, for the opto-electronic integration and for the passive optical interconnects. Opto-electronic integration will be reached through the use of one- or bidirectional transceivers for Datacom based - in future - on surface emitting lasers (VCSEL), instead of LEDs used today, and economically favorable silicon detectors. This additionally requires passive optical interconnects using beam shaped low-cost micro-optical components such as, microlenses for in- and out-coupling which are more and more popular in recently developed opto-electronic devices.Ideally, micro-optical components can be integrated in passive optical interconnects and replicated in polymer materials for the cost reducing. Hence, the increase of data rate depends on the quality of the optical surfaces. In this paper the micromechanical manufacturing technologies of microcomponents with optical surfaces are discussed. Furthermore, polymer based components are presented which can be used for coupling and routing of optical signals, e.g. a passive optical interconnect for the passive coupling into photodiode or from VCSEL and optical N × M star couplers. The polymer based interconnect module has been realized in different polymers (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA, and cycloolefin copolymer, COC). Total loses and data rates achieved are 3.3 dB and 2 Gbps, respectively. Average total loss an e.g., polymer based 16 × 16 optical star coupler is better than 17 dB per channel with a uniformity of 3 dB. For replication of polymer substrates of these components hot embossing tools have been produced by combination of deep lithography, ultra-precise milling and micro-machining.     

一种基于斜光栅辅助的非对称耦合器型光分插复用器

提出了一种基于斜光栅辅助的非对称耦合器型光分插复用器。运用复合波导的三维正交模式,对器件的三种可能的结构进行了理论分析,选出粗波导光栅型结构。利用耦合模理论,模拟了斜光栅的耦合特性并对其倾斜角进行优化设计。通过回波峰值设计法,将器件的工作波长放在波分复用信道之内,回波峰值波长放在波分复用信道之外,使得器件的性能大有提高。模拟结果表明器件的串扰可达到-30 dB,回波损耗可达到-25 dB。同时,器件的关键工艺容差较大,易于批量化生产。当斜光栅的倾斜角度在2.5°到4.5°之间时,器件的串扰低于-28 dB,回波损耗低于-22 dB。     

1.3μm波长光纤偏振参数自动测试仪

本文介绍一种用于1.3μm波长的光纤偏振参数自动测试仪。它利用光路集成封装和计算机自动控制及信号处理等关键技术,方便、可靠、自动地进行1.3μm光纤及其器件偏振参数的测试,对于消光比为40dB以下的偏振态测量,误差优于0.3dB.     

棱镜非线性波导耦合光学双稳理论

利用菲涅耳公式计算了棱镜非线性光波导耦合.从理论上分析了该双稳器件的调制和反馈特性,模拟出不同偏置角的光学双稳曲线,能定量地分析双稳最小偏置角,双稳阈值功率等.     

集成光学声光可调谐光谱仪的特性分析

提出了一种以集成光学声光可调谐滤波器作为分光元件的新型光谱仪 ,并详细介绍了这种光谱仪的具体特性。通过对这种光谱仪的特征方程、点扩展函数以及色散本领的详细分析 ,指出该光谱仪的分辨本领与器件的声光作用长度成正比 ,也与它的级联级数的平方根成正比。因此增加器件的声光作用长度比增加它的级联级数能更有效地提高光谱分辨率。另外还指出 ,准共线声光耦合是抑制侧瓣、提高分辨本领的有效途径。测试表明 ,当声光相互作用长度L =2 5mm ,声波导和光波导的夹角θ=0 .4 2°时 ,在中心频率 174MHz附近可获得带宽 1.4 4nm ,一级侧瓣 - 13.2dB ,模式转换效率大于 99%的结果。     

光纤直接耦合微加工型可调光衰减器

设计研制了一种新型小体积, 低成本的光纤直接耦合微加工型可调光衰减器. 该器件采用电磁微线圈驱动柔性框架上的活动光纤微位移实现信号功率衰减变化, 驱动电压为0~8 V, 工作范围0~65 dB, 动态时间响应小于2.3 ms. 器件构造工艺主要使用了CNC高精度雕刻和激光点焊封装技术. 利用有限元单元法进行器件理论分析, 并报告了其测试性能.     

High efficiency,small size,and large bandwidth vertical interlayer waveguide coupler

Since the advent of three-dimensional photonic integrated circuits,the realization of efficient and compact optical interconnection between layers has become an important development direction.A vertical interlayer coupler between two silicon layers is presented in this paper.The coupling principle of the directional coupler is analyzed,and the traditional method of using a pair of vertically overlapping inverse taper structures is improved.For the coupling of two rectangular waveguide layers,a pair of nonlinear tapers with offset along the transmission direction is demonstrated.For the coupling of two ridge waveguide layers,a nonlinear taper in each layer is used to achieve high coupling efficiency.The simulation results show that the coupling efficiency of the two structures can reach more than 90%in a wavelength range from 1500 nm to 1650 nm.Moreover,the crosstalk is reduced to less than-50 d B by using multimode waveguides at intersections.The vertical interlayer coupler with a nonlinear taper is expected to realize the miniaturization and dense integration of photonic integrated chips.     

准共线集成声光模式转换器的性能分析与设计

报道了一种SiO2薄膜声波导和Ti∶LiNbO3光波导之间存在一个角度的准共线的模式转换器结构, 利用波导模式分析导出薄膜声波导的宽度限制; 利用模式耦合理论得出了声光模式转换特性和耦合系数的加权形式. 实现了对耦合系数的加权, 较好地抑制了旁瓣. 在综合考虑旁瓣和线宽的条件下, 设计了这种TE/TM声光模式转换器, 其旁瓣为－16.8 dB, －3 dB线宽和－10 dB线宽分别为1.37 nm和2.31 nm.     

Ultra‐low loss waveguide platform and its integration with silicon photonics

Planar waveguides with ultra‐low optical propagation loss enable a plethora of passive photonic integrated circuits, such as splitters and combiners, filters, delay lines, and components for advanced modulation formats. An overview is presented of the status of the field of ultra‐low loss waveguides and circuits, including the design, the trade‐off between bend radius and loss, and fabrication rationale. The characterization methods to accurately measure such waveguides are discussed. Some typical examples of device and circuit applications are presented. An even wider range of applications becomes possible with the integration of active devices, such as lasers, amplifiers, modulators and photodetectors, on such an ultra‐low loss waveguide platform. A summary of efforts to integrate silicon nitride and silica‐based low‐loss waveguides with silicon and III/V based photonics, either hybridly or heterogeneously, will be presented. The approach to combine these integration technologies heterogeneously on a single silicon substrate is discussed and an application example of a high‐bandwidth receiver is shown.     

Semiconductor laser diode to single-mode fiber coupling using diffractive optical elements

An integrated mode converter consisting of two diffractive optical elements (DOEs) and a Silicon slab is presented for low-loss coupling between a semiconductor laser diode (LD) and a single-mode fiber (SMF). The phase structures of the DOEs are designed using iterative phase retrieval algorithm. We introduce a new far-field amplitude constraint into the iteration to provide very high mode conversion quality. Compared with previously published mode converters, the scheme is more universal because it’s applicable for any semiconductor LD. In simulation, coupling losses lower than 0.02 dB are predicted for all the discussed LDs with aspect ratios of the elliptical fields from 1 to 9. The requirements on axial displacement and rotation angle have been removed. The tolerance for 1-dB loss increment for lateral misalignment is 0.9 μm. And the coupling loss is insensitive to tilt angle.