HR/MAS高分辨魔角微量探头用于天然橡胶固体1H、13C NMR测试及其与液体BBO探头、固体CP/MAS探头测试的比较

采用BRUKER高分辨魔角微量探头（HR/MAS），液相宽带BBO探头和固体CP/MAS探头，对天然橡胶固体、乳液以及天然橡胶溶于氘代苯的溶液进行了¹H、¹³C 1D和2D NMR谱的测试和比较. 发现HR/MAS探头用于天然橡胶固体和乳液时可以得到高分辨的¹H、¹³C谱，克服了CP/MAS探头测试固体¹³C NMR谱或者是固体¹H NMR谱时，谱图存在S/N值可能较小、谱峰可能宽化的弱点.     

通过宽线固体核磁共振氢谱研究半晶高分子的相结构

宽线固体核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）是一种研究半晶高分子相结构的经典方法.本文以半晶聚乙烯的宽线固体¹H NMR谱为例，探讨了通过Gaussian/Sinc、Gaussian和Lorentzian函数组合对宽线固体¹H NMR谱图进行拟合的方案，并根据半晶聚乙烯的相结构成分对拟合得到的各信号成分进行归属.并在此基础上探讨了各个相结构中分子链运动与信号线型的相关性，以及利用宽线固体¹H NMR谱测量半晶高分子结晶度存在的困难.     

依卡倍特钠的波谱学数据解析

对胃粘膜保护剂依卡倍特钠的紫外吸收光谱（UV）、红外吸收光谱（IR）、高分辨-质谱（HR-MS）、核磁共振（NMR）波谱（包括¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、DEPT、¹H-¹H COSY、¹H-¹³C HSQC和¹H-¹³C HMBC）数据进行了解析,对其所有的¹H和¹³C NMR谱信号进行了归属,通过多种谱学技术确证了依卡倍特钠的结构.     

应用E.COSY型的13C-1H相关谱准确测定果糖-1,6-二磷酸根离子中异核31P-1H和31P-13C偶合常数

建议了一种E.COSY型的¹³C-¹H相关实验.在相应的¹³C-¹H相关谱中,³¹P核对¹³C,¹H核的被动偶合给出E.COSY型的谱峰裂分,可用于准确测定含磷化合物中的³¹P-¹H和³¹P-¹³C偶合常数及其相对符号.测定了果糖-1,6-二磷酸根离子的³¹P-¹H和³¹P-¹³C偶合常数。     

先进固体NMR技术研究高分子结构与动力学

随着固体NMR理论和谱仪硬件技术的不断发展,近年来固体NMR技术在高分子多尺度结构与动力学研究领域中正发挥着越来越重要的作用. 多脉冲及高速魔角旋转（MAS）等质子高分辨技术的发展使得高灵敏度的¹H谱可有效地用于高分子化学结构与链间相互作用的检测;基于化学键（J-耦合）相关和通过空间（偶极耦合）相互作用的各种二维异核相关谱NMR新技术,使得复杂高分子的链结构得以严格解析. 基于MAS下同核和异核偶极-偶极相互作用、化学位移各向异性等各向异性相互作用重聚的系列新技术,使得研究者可在采用高分辨¹H或¹³C 检测信号的同时检测准静态下的各向异性相互作用,进而获得与之密切相关的结构和动力学信息. 通过质子偶极滤波技术可有效检测多相聚合物中的界面相与相区尺寸、高分子共混物中的相容性等问题. 在动力学的研究中,通过质子间自旋扩散的有效压制技术和化学位移各向异性的重聚,目前已经可以有效地获取链段上单个化学键的快速局域运动以及链段的超慢分子运动. 上述丰富的多尺度NMR技术可以使研究者在不同空间和时间尺度上对高分子聚合物的微观结构、相分离和动力学行为等进行详细的研究,进而阐明高分子微观结构与宏观性能的关联. 该文以固体NMR中最主要的2类核（¹H和¹³C）的检测技术为主线,简单介绍近年来固体NMR领域的一些最新研究进展及其在高分子结构和动力学研究中的应用.     

EDTA衍生物冠醚的NMR研究

报道N,N'-二羧甲基大环醚双内酯(1-4)¹H NMR溶剂效应,¹H NMR跟踪的稳定性研究,溶剂极性影响标题化合物构象互变而表现为¹³C谱线特征.     

达罗他胺中间体合成中杂质的发现和结构表征

达罗他胺是治疗前列腺癌的重要药物,在进行其合成工艺研究时,在第一步Suzuki偶联和第二步水解脱保护反应中,发现并纯化得到3个杂质A、B和C,其中杂质A和B来自第一步反应,杂质C来自第二步反应.通过高分辨质谱(HRMS)、核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)和核磁共振碳谱(¹³C NMR)表征方法,确定了杂质A和B的结构,分别为初始反应原料化合物2的脱硼酸频哪醇酯产物和初始反应原料化合物1的双偶联产物;借助HRMS、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、¹H-¹H COSY、¹H-¹³C HSQC、¹H-¹³C HMBC和¹H-¹H NOESY方法确定了中间体化合物3和杂质C的准确结构,对其形成机理和规避方法也进行了讨论分析.     

拉伸取向聚合物2H NMR谱的键涨落模型Monte Carlo模拟

采用三维键涨落模型（BFM）的Monte Carlo计算机模拟方法,模拟了两种分别具有高取向和低取向链微观结构的拉伸取向聚合物²H NMR谱. 讨论了排除体积效应与链的均方末端距分布对²H NMR谱线的影响. 结果表明,排除体积效应对高取向和低取向聚合物²H谱劈裂的影响是不同的,较小均方末端距的链决定²H谱劈裂,而较大均方末端距的链使²H谱产生长的拖尾. 采用BFM计算机模拟与²H NMR实验的结合是研究拉伸取向聚合物网络微观结构的有力手段.     

莰烯衍生物的1H、13C-NMR及UV研究

本文用¹H、¹³C NMR及UV对六个莰烯衍生物进行了研究,给出了全部¹³C谱线和部分¹H谱线的归属。对¹³C、¹H化学位移进行了关联,获得了近乎直线的¹³C-¹H相关图。结果表明,¹³C化学位移与UV λ_max无必然联系,而与电荷密度密切相关。本文对此进行了讨论。     

DBU与全氟炔酸酯的迈克尔型加成及其产物的NMR谱学研究

1，8-二氮杂二环[5，4，0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU)与全氟炔酸酯反应生成成环化合物. 通过对成环产物的¹H NMR、¹H-¹H COSY、¹³C NMR和¹H-¹³C COSY的分析，归属了各NMR谱线，对相关化合物进行了结构确证，同时对反应机理进行了推测.     

Symmetry-based recoupling of proton chemical shift anisotropies in ultrahigh-field solid-state NMR

A two-dimensional NMR experiment for estimating proton chemical shift anisotropies (CSAs) in solid powders under magic-angle spinning conditions is demonstrated in which 1H CSAs are reintroduced with a symmetry-based recoupling sequence while the individual proton sites are resolved according to their isotropic chemical shifts by magic-angle spinning (MAS) or combined rotation and multiple pulse (CRAMPS) homonuclear decoupling. The experiments where carried out on an ultrahigh-field solid-state NMR instrument (900 MHz 1H frequency) which leads to increased resolution and reliability of the measured 1H CSAs. The experiment is expected to be important for investigating hydrogen bonding in solids.     

Practical aspects of Lee-Goldburg based CRAMPS techniques for high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy in solids: implementation and applications

Elucidating the local environment of the hydrogen atoms is an important problem in materials science. Because ¹H spectra in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) suffer from low resolution due to homogeneous broadening, even under magic-angle spinning (MAS), information of chemical interest may only be obtained using certain high-resolution ¹H MAS techniques. ¹H Lee–Goldburg (LG) CRAMPS (Combined Rotation And Multiple-Pulse Spectroscopy) methods are particularly well suited for studying inorganic–organic hybrid materials, rich in ¹H nuclei. However, setting up CRAMPS experiments is time-consuming and not entirely trivial, facts that have discouraged their widespread use by materials scientists. To change this status quo, here we describe and discuss some important aspects of the experimental implementation of CRAMPS techniques based on LG decoupling schemes, such as FSLG (Frequency Switched), and windowed and windowless PMLG (Phase Modulated). In particular, we discuss the influence on the quality of the ¹H NMR spectra of the different parameters at play, for example LG (Lee–Goldburg) pulses, radio-frequency (rf) phase, frequency switching, and pulse imperfections, using glycine and adamantane as model compounds. The efficiency and robustness of the different LG-decoupling schemes is then illustrated on the following materials: organo-phosphorus ligand, N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid [H₄pmida] [I], and inorganic–organic hybrid materials (C₄H₁₂N₂)[Ge₂(pmida)₂OH₂]·4H₂O [II] and (C₂H₅NH₃)[Ti(H_1.5PO₄)(PO₄)]₂·H₂O [III].     

1H-1H MAS correlation spectroscopy and distance measurements in a deuterated peptide

In this Communication, we demonstrate the use of deuteration together with back substitution of exchangeable protons as a means of attenuating the strong 1H-1H couplings that broaden 1H magic angle spinning (MAS) spectra of solids. The approach facilitates 15N-1H correlation experiments as well as experiments for the measurement of 1H-1H distances. The distance measurement relies on the excellent resolution in the 1H MAS spectrum and homonuclear double quantum recoupling techniques. The 1H-1H dipolar recoupling can be analyzed in an analytical fashion by fitting the data to a 2- or 3-spin system. The experiments are performed on a sample of the dipeptide N-Ac-Val-Leu-OH, which was synthesized from uniformly [2H, 15N] labeled materials and back-exchanged in H2O.     

质子核磁共振谱的偶极魔角旋转边带强度的矩的展开

对于包含分子和分子基团绕至少一个轴高速运动的固体体系,本文推导出其质子核磁共振谱的偶极魔角旋转边带强度的理论计算表达式,建立了用其静态粉末谱的矩的展开的计算方法,计算出旋转边带强度按三十阶矩展开的系数,它可以处理包含高达十五阶边带的谱     

High-resolution 1H and 13C NMR of solid 2-Aminobenzoic acid

Three crystalline modifications of 2-aminobenzoic acid (anthranilic acid) have been studied by ¹³C CP/MAS and ¹H CRAMPS NMR. The peaks are assigned and discussed in relation to (a) the neutral or zwitterionic nature of the molecules, (b) the crystal structures, known for two of the polymorphs, (c) residual (N,C) dipolar splittings, (d) hydrogen bonding and (e) dynamic exchange. The value of applying both types of spectroscopy to such studies is stressed.     

1H detected 1H,15N correlation spectroscopy in rotating solids

We describe new correlation experiments suitable for determining long-range 1H-1H distances in 2H,15N-labeled peptides and proteins. The approach uses perdeuteration together with back substitution of exchangeable protons during sample preparation as a means of attenuating the strong 1H-1H dipolar couplings that broaden 1H magic angle spinning (MAS) spectra of solids. In the approach described here, we retain 100% of the 1H sensitivity by labeling and detecting all exchangeable sites. This is in contrast to homonuclear multiple pulse decoupling sequences that are applied during detection and that compromise sensitivity because of the requirement of sampling between pulses. As a result 1H detection provides a gain in sensitivity of >5 compared to the 15N detected version of the experiment (at a MAS frequency of 13.5kHz). The pulse schemes make use of the favorable dispersion of the amide 15Ns resonances in the protein backbone. The experiments are demonstrated on a sample of the uniformly 2H,15N-labeled dipeptide N-Ac-Val-Leu-OH and are analogous to the solution-state suite of HSQC-NOESY experiments. In this compound the 1H amide linewidths at 750MHz vary from approximately 0.67 ppm at omega(r)/2pi approximately 5kHz to approximately 0.20 ppm at omega(r)/2pi approximately 30kHz, indicating that useful resolution is available in the 1H spectrum via this approach. Since the experiments circumvent the problem of dipolar truncation in the 1H-1H spin system, they should make it possible to measure long-range distances in a uniformly labeled environment. Thus, we expect the experiments to be useful in constraining the global fold of a protein.     

Line narrowing in 1H MAS spectrum of mesoporous silica by removing adsorbed H2O using N2

The peaks for silanol protons in the high-resolution (1)H NMR spectrum obtained on mesoporous silica materials may be broadened and shifted downfield by hydrogen bonding with adsorbed water molecules. Overlapping of the resonance for hydrogen-bonded silanol with the corresponding broad peak due to hydrogen-bonded water may further complicate the spectrum. These complications hamper a quantitative analysis of the spectra for these and similar materials. It is demonstrated in this paper that adsorbed water can be removed by exposing the sample to dry N(2) during magic angle spinning. This results in significant line narrowing for the silanol protons in the (1)H MAS spectrum. The enhanced spectral resolution makes it possible to quantify the various hydroxyl groups in a complex metal-oxide catalyst. Results obtained on tungsten oxide supported on SBA-15 mesoporous silica materials are reported. Additionally, the proton chemical shift of tungsten hydroxyl is identified for the first time.     

Inverse detection and heteronuclear editing in 1H-15N correlation and 1H-1H double-quantum NMR spectroscopy in the solid state under fast MAS

Signal enhancement in heteronuclear correlation spectra as well as signal selection in 1H experiments can be achieved through inverse, i.e., 1H, detection in the solid state under fast MAS conditions. Using recoupled polarization transfer (REPT), a heteronuclear 1H-15N single-quantum correlation (HSQC) experiment is presented whose symmetrical design allows the frequency dimensions to be easily interchanged. By observing the 15N dimension indirectly and detecting on 1H, the sensitivity is experimentally found to be increased by factors between 5 and 10 relative to conventional 15N detection. In addition, the inverse 1H-15N REPT-HSQC scheme can be readily used as a filter for the 1H signal. As an example, we present the combination of such a heteronuclear filter with a subsequent 1H-1H DQ experiment, yielding two-dimensional 15N-edited 1H-1H DQ MAS spectra. In this way, specific selection or suppression of 1H resonances is possible in solid-state MAS experiments, by use of which the resolution can be improved and information can be unravelled in 1H spectra.     

Very high-resolution 1H MAS NMR of a natural polymeric material

The use of ultrafast magic angle spinning (> 30 kHz) in tandem with delayed echo acquisition is shown to yield very high-resolution lH MAS NMR spectra of complex natural organic materials. For the first time, very high-resolution 1H MAS NMR spectra are reported for cork and wood components, two natural materials with great economic importance. The effect of the spinning rate on the 1H NMR spectra was evaluated with single-pulse acquisition and delayed-echo acquisition. The delayed-echo acquisition spectra presented linewidths as sharp as 67 and 25 Hz. The narrow peaks, characterised by proton spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation, were assigned to the isotropic chemical shifts and the general spectral features were shown to correlate with the sample chemical structure. The tentative assignments of cork 1H MAS NMR signals were presented.