铜(Ⅱ)离子导向的自组装研究

A few copper(Ⅱ) ions or groups have been designed and investigated for metal-assisted self assembly. Reactions of these metal units with a number of linear bridging ligands have led to the production of some dinuclear copper(Ⅱ) complexes and coordination polymers in which metal centers are all five-coordinate in the configuration of a square pyramid or a triangular bipyramid.     

Ionic liquids: Efficient solvent and medium for the transformation of renewable lignocellulose

Carbon-enriched lignocelluloses are regarded as the perfect alternative for nonrenewable fossil fuel, and have a great potential to alleviate the increasing energy crisis and climate change. However, the tightly covalent structure and strong intra and in- ter-molecular hydrogen bonding in lignocellulose make it high recalcitrance to transformation due to the poor solubility in wa- ter or common organic solvents. Dissolution and transformation of lignocellulose and its constituents in ionic liquids have therefore attracted much attention recently due to the tunable physical-chemical properties. Here, ionic liquids with excellent dissolving capability for biomass and its ingredients were examined. The technologies for lignocellulose biorefining in the presence of ionic liquid solvents or catalysts were also summarized. Some pertinent suggestions for the future catalytic conver- sion and unitization of this sustained carbon-rich resource are proposed.     

Density Functional Study on the Reaction Mechanism for the Reaction of Ni^＋ with Ethane

The mechanism of the reaction of Ni^ (^2D) with ethane in the gas-phase was studied by using density functional theory.Both the B3LYP and BLYP functionals with standard all-electron basis sets are used to give the detailed information of the potential energy surface (PES) of [Ni,C2,H6]^ . The mechanisms forming the products CH4 and H2 in the reaction of Ni^ with ethane are proposed.The reductive eliminations of CH4 and H2 are typical addition-elimination reactions.Each of the two reactions consists of two elementary steps:C-C or C-H bond activations to form inserted species followed by isomerizations to from product-like intermediate.The rate determining steps for the elimination reactions of forming CH4 and H2 are the isomerization of the inserted species rather than C-C or C-H bond activations .The elimination reaction of forming H2 was found to be thermodynamically favored compared to that of CH4.     

Electroreduction of Benzoylformic Acid in 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

The chemical industry is under considerable pressure to replace many volatile organic compounds that are widely used as solvents in organic synthesis. This trend leads to the exploration for novel reaction media. Room temperature ionic liquids as environmentally benign media for organic synthesis and catalytic reactions have been gradually recognized and accepted Owing to their unique chemical and physical properties, ionic liquids become promising candidates as recyclable reaction media for “ Green” applications. These nonvolatile solvents have been used as media or catalysts in dozens of fields, such as organic synthesis, organometallic catalytic reactions, separation and extraction processes.     

Graphene oxide:An emerging electromaterial for energy storage and conversion

This paper gives a comprehensive review of the recent progress on electrochemical energy storage devices using graphene oxide(GO).GO,a single sheet of graphite oxide,is a functionalised graphene,carrying many oxygen-containing groups.This endows GO with various unique features for versatile applications in batteries,capacitors and fuel cells.Specific applications are considered principally including use in electrodes as the active materials to enhance the performance or as substrates to diversify the structures,in solid-state electrolytes and membranes to improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties,and in interlayers to protect the electrodes,membranes or current collectors.Furthermore,the challenges and future prospects are discussed in the paper for encouraging further research and development of GO applications.     

Catalytic transformations of cellulose and its derived carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural,levulinic acid,and lactic acid

The catalytic transformation of cellulose into key building-block or platform chemicals such as 5-hydoxymethylfurfural(HMF),levulinic acid,and lactic acid under mild conditions,has attracted much attention in recent years,as these conversions can be operated without consumption of hydrogen or oxygen and thus are more economical compared to the hydrogenolysis or oxidation of cellulose.This review article highlights recent advances in the development of novel catalysts or catalytic processes for the conversion of cellulose and its derived carbohydrates into HMF,levulinic acid,and lactic acid or their esters under inert atmosphere.We also analyze efficient catalytic systems for HMF production,in particular Lewis acids combined with ionic liquid or biphasic systems.For the formations of levulinic and lactic acids or their esters,we focus on the reactions in aqueous and alcohol media catalyzed by multifunctional catalysts that combine the functions of hydrolysis,isomerization,and dehydration-rehydration or retro-aldol reactions.The reaction mechanism for each process will also be discussed to gain insights into the activation of C–O and C–C bonds in the absence of hydrogen or oxygen.     

Copyright Transfer Statement

The copyright to this article is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer(respective to owner if other than Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer and for U.S.government employees:to the extent transferable) effective if and when the article is accepted for publication.The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant.The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce,publish,distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future, including reprints,translations,photographic reproductions,microform,electronic form(offline,online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.     

A Promising MoO_x-based Catalyst for n-Heptane Isomerization

The increasing demand for higher-octane gasoline and the regulations limiting the amount of aromatics in the fuel motivate the interest in catalytic isomerization of n-alkanes. In the last ten years, transition metal oxides or oxycarbides based on molybdenum or tungstate have attracted much attention due to their high activity and isomerization selectivity compared to the conventional bifunctional supported platinum catalyst and high resistance to sulphur and nitrogen catalyst poisons1-5. Ma…     

Copyright Transfer Statement

正The copyright to this article is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer(respective to owner if other than Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer and for U.S.government employees:to the extent transferable)effective if and when the article is accepted for publication.The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant.The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce,publish,distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future,including reprints,translations,photographic reproductions,microform,electronic form(offline,online)or any other reproductions of similar nature.     

Copyright Transfer Statement

<正>The copyright to this article is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer(respective to owner if other than Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer and for U.S.government employees:to the extent transferable) effective if and when the article is accepted for publication.The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant.The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce,publish,distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future including reprints,translations,photographic reproductions,microform,electronic form(offline,online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.     

Retention model of protein for mixedmode interaction mechanism in ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography

A unified retention equation of proteins was proved to be valid for a mixed-mode interaction mechanism in ion exchange chromatography (IEC) and hydrophobia interaction chro-matography (HIC). The reason to form a "U" shape retention curve of proteins hi both HIC and IEC was explained and the concentration range of the strongest elution ability for the mobile phase was determined with this equation. The parameters in this equation could be used to characterize the difference for either HIC or IEC adsorbents and the changes in the molecular conformation of proteins. With the parameters in this equation, the contributions of salt and water in the mobile phase to the protein retention in HIC and IEC were discussed, respectively. In addition, the comparison between the unified equation and Melander' s three-parameter equation for mixed-mode interaction chromatography was also investigated and better results were obtained in former equation.     

STUDY ON WAYS OF FORCING INTERCELLULAR CYTOPLASM AND CHROMATIN MIGRATION TO TRANSFER EXTERNAL GENETIC SUBSTANCES TO PLANT CELLS BY ARTIFICIAL MOTIVE FORCE

A new cell engineering technique (L. B. technique) was established in our Lab. At first, the physical and chemical methods were used to facilitate the reestablishment of intercellular contacts and plasmodesma channels between different parents, thus forcing cytoplasm and chromatin to pass the cell wall with different qualities and quantities from one cell to others, through the enlarged intercellular plasmodesma channels or the vulnerable regions and the holes on the cell wall formed differently in growth and thickness in the process of cell wall formation to introduce external genetic substances or gene groups into plant cells. There are different ways, frequencies and strengths for the migration between the cells in different growth and development regions or the same growth and development region. In this paper we advance the mechanism of cytoplasm and chromatin migration through the cell wall: There are a large number of plasmodesma channels or vulnerable regions and holes different in growth and th     

Copyright Transfer Statement

正The copyright to this article is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer(respective to owner if other than Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS and Springer and for U.S.government employees:to the extent transferable)effective if and when the article is accepted for publication.The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant.The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce,publish,distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future,including reprints,translations,photographic reproductions,microform,electronic form(offline,online)or any other reproductions of similar nature.An author may self-archive an author-created version of his/her article on his/her own website and or in his/her institutional repository.He/she may also deposit this version on his/her funder's or funder's designated repository at the funder's request or as a result of a legal obligation,provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months     

Copyright Transfer Statement

正The copyright to this article in Chinese Journal of Polymer Science (GPS) is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS effective if and when the article is accepted for publication.The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant.The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce,publish,distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future,including reprints,translations,photographic reproductions,microform,electronic form (offline,online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.     

Copyright Transfer Statement

正The copyright to this article in Chinese Journal of Polymer Science (CJPS) is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry, CAS effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant. The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce, publish, distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.     

Copyright Transfer Statement

正The copyright to this article in Chinese Journal of Polymer Science (CJPS) is transferred to Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Chemistry,CAS effective if and when the article is accepted for publication.The author warrants that his/her contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant.The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right and license to reproduce,publish,distribute and archive the article in all forms and media of expression now known or developed in the future,including reprints,translations, photographic reproductions,microform,electronic form (offline,online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.     

Removal of Cd（ Ⅱ ） from Aqueous Solutions by Natural Freshwater Surface Coatings

Natural freshwater surface coatings (biofilms and associated minerals), which were developed in the Nanhu Lake, Changchun, P. R. China, were used as an efficient biosorbent for the removal of Cd(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions. The batch experiments were carried out to determine the adsorption properties of Cd(Ⅱ) onto the natural surface coatings. The classical Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied to estimating the equilibrium coefficients of Cd(Ⅱ) adsorbed on the surface coatings. The results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of the surface coatings is 434. 78μmol Cd/m^2 (being equal to 0. 17mmol Cd/g of surface coatings or 10. 38mmol Cd/g Fe) and the Cd(Ⅱ) remnoval from solution media by the natural surface coatings was shown to be strongly affected by solution pH and ion strength. The resulted information also indicates that the maximum Cd removal efficiency(CRE) was determined to be approximately 90% at initial Cd mass concentration of 0. 1mg/L (the concentration limit of Cd (Ⅱ) in wastewaters for discharge in aquatic media in Chinese legislation), and the kinetic adsorption of Cd (Ⅱ) onto the surface coatings is fast with around 70% of the total adsorption-taking place in 150min in solution under the controlied laboratory conditions (mineral salts solution with defined speciation, ionic strength 0. 05mol/L, and 25℃). With the advantage of high Cd adsorption capacity, the natural surface coatings appear to be a potentially effective biosorbent for the removal and recovery of Cd(Ⅱ) from polluted water.     

NEXT NEAREST NEIGHBOR EFFECT ON TETRAHEDRAL FERROUS AND OCTAHEDRAL FERRIC IRON IN CHROMITE

Four chromites have been studied by using Mssbauer spectroscopy. Of the spectra of four chromites studied, three spectra aro fitted to three or four Fe~(2+) doublets in the tetrahedral A sites and one or two Fe~(3+) doublets in the tetrahedral A sites and octahedral B sites. The fourth spectrum is fitted to one Fe~(3+) doublet in the A sites and two Fe~(3+) doublets in tho B sites. Constant isomer shifts of approximately 0.9 mm/s for Fe~(2+) ions in the A sites and 0.3 mm/s for Fe~(3+) ions in the B sites as well as gradual changing quadrupole splitting for both of the A sites and the B sites are obtained. The binomial distributions in the B sites are ealeulated. Next nearest neighbor effect is used to explain the multiple doublets caused by Fe~(2+) ions in the A sites in the spectra of chromites Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and by Fe~(3+) ions in the B sites in the spectrum of chromite Ⅳ.     

Mono-lacunary PrIII-Polyoxotungstate： Epoxidation of Alkenes with Unusual Selectivity

The utilization of polyoxometalates (POMs) or their derivatives as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts in alkene epoxidation is a subject of considerable research activity[1]. The limitation to the use of POMs in these catalytic reactions is either their relatively low selectivity in epoxide formation or applicability for a rather limited type of alkenes. Therefore, it would be beneficial if the catalysts bear high selectivity for epoxidation and are applicable for a rather wide variety of alkenes, which is desirable in industrial processes and also vital for the selection of an ideal catalyst[2]. In search for an efficient and practical epoxidation method to utilize aqueous H2O2 as terminal oxidant, we focus on the rare-earth complexes with lacunary POM ligands.     

指数扩展格网络方法：模拟球、柱和旋转圆盘电极体系电化学问题的有效方法

An exponentially expanded space grid technique has been employed in the network simulation of chronoamperometric and voltammetric problems in spherical, cylindrical and rotating-disk electrode systems, leading to an effective simulation strategy for electrochemical problems: exponentially expanded grid network approach (EEGNA). The success of this method is largely due to the improved ability in processing the boundary singularities existing for non-planar diffusions and the enhanced simulation speed and accuracy in contrast to the uniform or quasi-uniform grid network approach.