Lipids of the fruit of Pyrus communis

The compositions of the various groups of liposoluble compounds in the peel and flesh of the fruitPyrus communis of the varieties Williams and Bere Ardanpon have been established and their amounts have been determined by chromatographic and chemical methods. The qualitative compositions have been shown to be identical and characteristic quantitative differences have been found in the lipids of individual elements of these pairs. The fatty acid compositions of the lipids have been studied.M. V. Lomonosov Technological Institute of the Food Industry, Odessa, Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 175–180, March–April, 1989.     

Lipid complex of Peganum harmala

The lipid complex of the seeds ofPeganum harmala (fam. Zygophyllaceae) has been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospholipids have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing lipids have been determined and it has been shown that in the triacylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines the sn-2 position is esterified mainly by linoleic acid.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 625–627, November–December, 1992.     

Polar lipids of cotton seeds and the products of their processing

The compositions and amounts of polar lipids in cotton seeds and the products of their processing have been investigated. Six glycolipids have been identified, the main ones being monogalactosyldiglyceride (MGDGs), digalactosyldiglycerides (DGDGs), and sterol glycosides. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. In the glycolipids, saturated fatty acids — palmitic and stearic — predominated.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 194–198, March–April, 1993.     

Lipids ofSilene brahuica

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the lipid complex of the epigeal part ofSilene brahuica Boiss. (family Caryophyllaaceae) have been studied. The fatty acid composition of the acyl-containing lipids has been determined. Some differences have been found in the compositions of the fatty acids of the neutral lipids and the phospholipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 512–514, July–August, 1993.     

Lipids ofHeracleum lehmannianum seeds

The lipid complex of the seeds ofHeracleum lehmannianum B. has been studied. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospho- and glycolipids, and the fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing classes of lipids have been determined. It has been shown that the neutral and the polar lipids differ considerably from one another with respect to the level of certain fatty acids. The position-species compositions of the TAGS and of the main components of the phospholipids have been calculated from the results of lipolytic hydrolysis.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 10–14, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted June 12, 1995.     

Effect of infection byVerticillium dahliae on the lipid complex of cotton seeds from varieties with contrasting resistance

The yields and fatty acid compositions of the free lipids and lipids weakly and strongly bound to proteins from seeds of cottonplant varieties resistant and susceptible to verticillium wilt have been determined and the changes in these indices in the seeds of the infected plants have been measured. It has been established that the seeds of healthy plants of the two varieties are similar in the qualitative compositions of the lipids and fatty acids but differ with respect the amounts of lipids in them bound with protein in different ways and with respect to the amounts of the individual fatty acids. The observed changes in the lipid and fatty-acid compositions depend on the degree of resistance of the variety to wilt.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 605–608, September–October, 1994.     

Lipids of Hibiscus cannabinus seeds

The neutral and polar lipids of kenaf seeds of the variety Uzbetskii-1574 from the 1983 crop have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of six acyl-containing classes of neutral lipids have been established for the first time. The acids in the sn-2 positions of the triacylglycerols and of the main classes of phospholipids have been determined. The main triacylglycerol species are those in which the sn-2 position is esterified by linoleic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the UzSSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 558–564, September–October, 1986.     

Lipids of the bark ofElaeagnus angustifolia branches

The compositions of the neutral lipids and the glyco- and phospholipids of the bark of branches ofElaeagnus angustifolia (fam. Elaeagnaceae) have been investigated. The fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing classes have been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 41–44, January–February, 1998.     

Carbohydrates and lipids ofBrassica oleracea

Lipids and polysaccharides have been obtained from the leaves ofBrassica oleracea. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the lipid complex have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the total neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. The carbohydrate complex of cabbage includes water-soluble polysaccharides, low-methoxyl pectins, hemicelluloses, and free monosugars. The polypeptides have been characterized by their mannoside compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 612–615, September–October, 1994.     

Lipids of the fruit ofAcanthopanax sessiliflorus

In the lipids of the seeds and pericarp of the introduced speciesAcanthopanax sessiliflorus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Seem (familyAraliaceae), 23 classes of compounds have been detected, of which 19 have been identified. Sixteen of the classes have been studied. The lipids of the pericarp contain a more complex set of components than the seeds. Hydroxyacyldiacylglycerides, fatty acid methyl esters, and a complex group of pthalicacidesters have been detected in the familyAraliaceae for the first time. The fatty acid compositions of the seed and pericarp lipids are characterized by a high level of petroselinic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 760–766, November–December, 1985.     

The lipids ofHibiscus seeds

The composition and amounts of various classes of lipids of the seeds of Hibiscus sp. have been investigated. Seven classes of neutral lipids, five of phospholipids, and five of glycolipids have been identified and their fatty-acid and triglyceride compositions have been established. The presence has been shown of 16 main types of triacylglycerols and 25 types of epoxyacyldiacylglycerols. An epoxy-18.0 and an epoxy-18:1 acid in a combined amount of 1.4% have been detected among the acids of the free lipids, together with 8.1% of cyclopropenoid acids.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 40–44, January–February, 1995. Original article submitted October 24, 1994.     

Lipids ofHippophae rhamnoides pericarp

The main indices and the fatty, acid compositions of the pericarp lipids of six varieties of sea buckthorn introduced into the Tashkent Botanical Garden have been determined. The lipids of the varieties Maslichnaya-5 and Zolotoi pochatok are enriched with carotenoids (276 and 276.5 mg%, respectively). The fatty acids of the samples studied contained somewhat less of the 16:1 acid than varieties growing in the Altai.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 671–673, September–October, 1995. Original article submitted March 10, 1995.     

Composition of the lipids and carbohydrates of the seeds ofAmaranthus caudatus

The chemical composition of the seed lipids ofAmaranthus caudatus L. has been investigated. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. The hydrocarbon components ofA. caudatus have been identified and its alcohol-soluble carbohydrates, water-soluble polysaccharides, and pectin substances have been characterized.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 797–799, November–December, 1997.     

Metabolites of the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae III. The lipid composition ofVerticillium dahliae

Summary The compositions of the neutral lipids of the mycelium and of the culture liquid from the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb. have been investigated for the first time. The fatty-acid compositions of the main lipid fractions and the glyceride composition of the triglyceride fraction have been determined. The main acids of all the fractions are the 16:0 and 18:1 acids and in the triglyceride fraction, additionally, the 18:2 acid. Diisobutyl phthalate has been found in the combined neutral lipids of the fungal mycelium.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University, Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 431–435, July–August, 1976.     

Lipids of the vegetative and generative organs ofHibiscus sp.

The lipids of the leaves, stems, and roots ofHibiscus sp. have been studied. Their fatty acid compositions have been determined. The greatest amount of unsaturated fatty acids was present in the glycolipids of the leaves and the stems. More than 25% of low-molecular-mass C₁₀-C₁₂ fatty acids have been found in the neutral lipids of the roots.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 705–708, September–October, 1996. Original article submitted March 11, 1996.     

Metabolites of the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae. IV. Influence of the source of carbon on the lipid composition of the fungusVerticillium dahliae

Summary The compositions of the neutral lipids and the fatty-acid compositions ofVerticillium dahliae Kleb. grown in a fermenter with various sources of carbon-containing nutriment have been studied. It has been shown that the capacity of the fungus for synthesizing lipids and the quantitative and qualitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the fatty acids change according to the source of carbon-containing nutriment. Under the conditions of growth of the fungus in a fermenter, in some cases the formation of linolenic acid and of saturated iso acids is observed.It has been established that whenV. dahliae is grown on sucrose, the neutral lipids of the fungus include a chlorine-containing compound. The chlorine in the initial oil has been determined quantitatively.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology, Leningrad. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 22–26, January–February, 1977.     

Lipid complex of the kernels of seeds of cotton plants of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F

The amount, qualitative and class compositions, and total fatty acid composition of the free, bound, and strongly bound lipids of kernels of the seeds of cotton plant of variety 175-F have been determined, and with the aid of enzymatic hydrolysis the strongly bound lipids have been isolated from the cottonseed kernels in the native form. It has been established that more than half the weight of the lipids comprises neutral varieties and the remainder are polar components. The lipids of the more stable lipid-protein complexes possess a higher degree of saturation.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 314–318, May–June, 1991.     

Phospholipids of ripeSophora japonica seeds

Nine classes of lipids have been isolated in homogenous form from ripe seeds of the Japanese pagoda tree, and their fatty acid compositions have been established. The positional distributions of the fatty acids in the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 578–582, July–August, 1997.     

Fatty-acid composition of the lipids of coregonids of the Ob basin

The fatty acid compositions of the lipids of the muscles of the back and of the abdomen of a pelyad from the lakes of the Ob basin have been studied by gas-liquid chromatography; 29 acids have been detected of which 27 have been identified. It has been established that the lipids of the muscles of the back of the pelyad contain 37.2% of polyunsaturated and 37.3% of monoenoic acids the main components of which are oleic, palmitic, palmitoleic, octadecatetraenoic, and eicosapentaenoic acids, amounting in total to 65%. The lipids of the muscles of the pelyad are unique among lipids of fresh-water fish in their content of tri- and tetraenoic acids. As compared with the usual composition, the neutral lipids are characterized by higher amounts of monoenoic and lower amounts of polyenoic acids.Tyumen' State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 555–558, September–October, 1981.     

Influence of ultradisperse iron and copper powders on the oil content of cotton seeds and on the fatty acid composition of the seed lipids

The oil contents and the fatty acid compositions of the lipids of cotton seeds of varieties AN-402 and AN-9 grown under the influence of ultradisperse powders (UDPs) of iron and copper have been studied. Changes in the absolute weight, oil content, and fatty acid composition of the seeds have been shown. The action of an iron UDP led to an appreciable fall in the amount of palmitic acid in the AN-402 variety and a rise in the oleic acid content.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 165–167, March–April, 1998.