过渡金属团簇M+2(M=Fe、Co、Ni)与CO的化学反应

利用离子讲质谱计和激光溅射技术相结合,研究了Fe2＋、CO2＋、Ni2＋与CO气体的吸附反应,比较了它们的反应活性,给出了化学反应的速率常数及随反应气体压强的变化关系,并从理论上模拟了化学反应过程,测量结果与已有的实验值符合较好．     

Intermediates-induced CO2 Reduction Reaction Activity at Single-Atom M−N2 (M=Fe,Co, Ni) Sites

Single-atom M−N₂ (M=Fe, Co, Ni) catalysts exhibit high activity for CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR). However, the CO₂RR mechanism and the origin of activity at the single-atom sites remain unclear, which hinders the development of single-atom M−N₂ catalysts. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we reveal intermediates-induced CO₂RR activity at the single-atom M−N₂ sites. At the M−N₂ sites, the asymmetric *O*CO configuration tends to split into *CO and *OH intermediates. Intermediates become part of the active moiety to form M−(CO)N₂ or M-(OH)N₂ sites, which optimizes the adsorption of intermediates on the M sites. The maximum free energy differences along the optimal CO₂RR pathway are 0.30, 0.54, and 0.28 eV for Fe−(OH)N₂, Co−(CO)N₂, and Ni−(OH)N₂ sites respectively, which is lower than those of Fe−N₂ (1.03 eV), Co−N₂ (1.24 eV) and Ni−N₂ (0.73 eV) sites. The intermediate modification can shift the d-band center of the spin-up (minority) state downward by regulating the charge distribution at the M sites, leading to less charge being accepted by the intermediates from the M sites. This work provides new insights into the understanding of the activity of single-atom M−N₂ sites.     

过渡金属团簇M20和M20(PMe3)4(M=Cu,Ag,Au)的量子化学理论研究

采用从头计算MP2和DFT理论方法,对过渡金属团簇M20和M20( PMe3)4(M=Cu,Ag,Au)的几何结构、电子结构以及团簇各组成部分之间的结合能进行了研究.所研究的体系具有较大的前线轨道能隙,与C60接近,显示出特别的稳定性.考虑电子相关效应的MP2方法能够对团簇的结构给予可靠的描述.离域泛函GGA对Cu和A...     

MC_2O_4(M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn)的热力学及其热分析动力学

用DSC、TGA技术分别在N2气氛和O2气氛下对MC2O4(M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn)的脱水和分解过程作了热力学和动力学的研究.在N2气氛下,MC2O4·2H2O(M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Zn)脱水温度Tde和脱水焓!deHm随原子序数Zre递增呈现明显的“二分组效应”;!deHm在(96.46±7.00)kJ·mol-1范围内波动;MC2O4·2H2O(M=Mn、Fe、Ni)的分解温度Td随原子序数递增呈现良好的线性关系;且各草酸盐分解得到氧化物(CuC2O4生成Cu、CuO混合物)时,MC2O4(M=Co、Ni、Cu)分解焓随原子序数增大也存在良好的线性关系.各草酸盐除NiC2O4·2H2O脱水过程和FeC2O4分解过程外,其余各过程机理函数均为随机成核和随后成长型.     

MC2O4(M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn)的热力学及其热分析动力学

用DSC、TGA技术分别在N₂气氛和O₂气氛下对MC₂O₄(M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn)的脱水和分解过程作了热力学和动力学的研究. 在N₂气氛下, MC₂O₄•2H₂O(M=Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Zn)脱水温度Tde和脱水焓ΔdeHm随原子序数Zre递增呈现明显的“二分组效应”；ΔdeHm在(96.46±7.00) kJ•mol^-1范围内波动；MC₂O₄•2H₂O (M=Mn、Fe、Ni)的分解温度Td随原子序数递增呈现良好的线性关系；且各草酸盐分解得到氧化物(CuC₂O₄生成Cu、CuO混合物)时, MC₂O₄(M=Co、Ni、Cu) 分解焓随原子序数增大也存在良好的线性关系. 各草酸盐除NiC₂O₄•2H₂O脱水过程和FeC₂O₄分解过程外, 其余各过程机理函数均为随机成核和随后成长型.     

过渡金属团簇Nbn、Con(n≤4)和NbxCoy(x+y≤8)的芳香性

采用杂化密度泛函(DFT)方法优化了过渡金属纯团簇Nbn, Con(n≤4)和二元铌钴团簇NbxCoy(x+y≤8)的结构, 并计算了较稳定结构的NICS(核独立化学位移)值, 分析这些过渡金属团簇的成键情况, 讨论不同轨道对各过渡金属团簇芳香性的贡献, 发现在过渡金属团簇中, 除了具有s、p轨道贡献的σ、π芳香性外, 很重要的地d轨道的参与而形成的δ芳香性.     

金属掺杂Ce-M(M=Fe、Ni和Cu)催化剂的CO低温氧化性能研究

采用水热合成法制备了一系列不同金属掺杂的Ce-M（M=Fe、Ni和Cu）复合氧化物,运用低温N₂吸附-脱附、XRD、H₂-TPR、拉曼光谱和XPS等表征技术对Ce-M复合氧化物的结构与其CO低温氧化反应性能之间的关系进行了关联。结果表明,将Fe、Ni和Cu掺入CeO₂明显提高了其氧空位的含量,提升了晶格氧的流动性,从而使Ce-M催化剂的还原能力和催化活性高于纯CeO₂。其中,CeCu催化剂氧空位最多、还原能力最好,催化活性最高,130 ℃下即可将CO完全氧化;其次是CeNi催化剂,180 ℃时实现CO完全氧化;与之相比,CeFe催化剂的活性最差,200 ℃时的CO转化率仅为92%。     

氧心羧桥异三核过渡金属簇合物[Fe2MO(CH3COO)6Py3].Py(1,M=Mn;2,M=Co;3,M=Ni)和[Fe2MO(CCl3COO)6(THF)3](4,M=Mn;5,M=Co;6,M=Ni)电子光谱的研究

The UV/VIS spectra for pyridine solution of complexes [Fe_2MO(CH_3COO)_6Py_2]·Py and THF solution of complexes Fe_2MO(CCl_3COO)_6(THF)_3 were studied. The d-d transitions were assigned and the ligand field parameters(B,D_q,β) were calculated for the related metal ions according to ligand field theory (Tanabe-Sugano diagram) in terms of O_h symmetry and reasonably good fits were obtained for the calculated and observed frequencies. The calculated results show that (1) the larger the ionic potential for M~(2+) ion, the larger the values of B, D_q for Fe~(3+) ion (2) the ligand field parameters of metal ions vary in parallel with the electronagativity of R in RCOO~-.     

Fe3+、Co2+、Ni2+混合离子鉴定分离的两种设计方案

设计并比较了鉴定和分离Fe3+、Co2+、Ni2+混合离子的两种方案,以帮助学生更好地理解铁、钴、镍的性质和混合离子鉴定分离的基本原理。     

MH~+(M=Fe,Co,Ni)催化二氧化碳的氢化反应

在密度泛函理论的B3LYP水平下计算了MH~+(M=Fe,Co,Ni)催化二氧化碳的氢化反应.研究表明,氢转移至C上要比转移至O上容易得多.探讨不同泛函方法对反应的影响,从CCSD(T)的计算结果可见,与Co H~+和Ni H~+相比,Fe H~+对H转移至C上的活性较高.电子结构分析表明,反应过程中氢转移为氢负离子转移.     

稀土复合硫化物Ln6MSi2S14(M=Co、Ni)的合成

用气固相反应合成出一系列Ln₆MSi₂S₁₄(Ln=La·Dy,M=Co、Ni)化合物,给出了X射线粉末衍射数据和晶胞参数。     

Mcore-Ptshell(M=Fe、Co、Ni)纳米粒子电催化氧还原的对比研究

纳米Pt具有较高的氧还原催化活性,但抗甲醇性不足,对直接甲醇燃料电池的性能产生影响。本文采用胶体模板法制备Mcore-Ptshell(M=Fe、Co、Ni)核壳型纳米粒子,用XRD和TEM表征纳米粒子的微观形貌和结构,动电位法和交流阻抗考察电催化活性和抗甲醇性。结果显示,Mcore-Ptshell纳米粒子的平均粒径约为10 nm,壳层厚度约为2~3 nm,3种催化材料的氧还原活性均高于碳载纳米Pt,抗甲醇性也有明显提高,其中Fecore,1-Ptshell,1/C的活性最高,峰电流密度达到0.5833 mA.cm-2,Cocore,1-Ptshell,1/C次之,Nicore,1-Ptshell,1/C最低;Fecore,1-Ptshell,1/C与Nicore,1-Ptshell,1/C的抗甲醇性相当,略好于Cocore,1-Ptshell,1/C。     

M/(MgO)y(CeO2)1－y(M=Ni、Co、Cu)催化剂的催化甲烷燃烧性能

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了M/(MgO)_y(CeO2)_1－y(M=Ni、Co、Cu)催化剂. 研究了催化剂Ni/(MgO)y(CeO₂)_1－y催化活性与Ce含量的关系, 当y＝0.9时, 催化剂的活性和稳定性最好. 对比研究了(MgO)_0.9(CeO2)_0.1为载体, 负载Ni、Co、Cu活性组分的催化剂催化甲烷燃烧性能. 结果表明, 负载Cu的催化剂活性最好, 但二次评价后催化剂已烧结；负载Ni的催化剂活性与负载Cu的催化剂相差不大, 且稳定性最好, 经1000 ℃焙烧的Ni/(MgO)_0.9(CeO2)_0.1催化剂比表面仍有14.32 m₂•g^－1, 具有较高的催化活性和很好的热稳定性；负载Co的催化剂活性不如前两者, 稳定性居中, 但比表面降低得最少, 抗烧结能力强.     

M(bpy)2+3(M=Fe,Ru,Os)电子结构与相关性质

报导了对配合物(M=Fe,Ru,Os)的量子化学密度泛函(DFT)法研究的结果.在B3LYP/LanL2DZ方法与基组的水平上进行计算,探讨的电子结构特征及相关性质,特别是中心原子对配合物的配位键长、光谱性质、电荷布居及化学稳定性等的影响规律,为该类配合物的合成,为分析光、电、催化作用机理提供理论参考.     

M(bpy)2+3(M=Fe,Ru,Os)电子结构与相关性质

报导了对配合物Ｍ（ｂｐｙ）＾２＋３（Ｍ＝Ｆｅ,Ｒｕ,Ｏｓ）的量子化学密度泛函法研究的结果。Ｂ３ＬＹＰ／ＬａｎＬ２ＤＺ方法与基组的水平上进行计算,探讨Ｍ（ｂｐｙ）＾２＋３电子结构特征及相关性质,特别是中心原子对配合物的配位键长、光谱性质,电荷布局及化学稳定性等的影响规律,为该类配合物的合成,为分析光、电、催化作用机理提供理论参考。     

The reactions of AgI electrophile with [Fe2(η-C5H5)2(CO)2(L){CN(Me)H}]+ and [Fe2(η-C5H5)2(CO)2{CN(Me)H}2]2+ salts (L = CO or CNMe)

The protonated species [Fe₂(η-C₅H₅)₂(CO)₂(η-CO){μ-CN(Me)H}]X, [Fe₂(η-C₅H₅)₂(CO)(CNMe)(μ-CO){μ-CN(Me)H}][X], and [Fe₂(η-C₅H₅)₂(CO)₂{η-CN(Me)H}₂][X]₂ react with one equivalent of AgY. The Ag⁺ and one H⁺ act together as a two-electron oxidant. Silver metal is precipitated quantitatively and the substrates cleaved to give mono-nuclear products of the type (a) [Fe(η-C₅H₅)(CO)(L)X] and [Fe(η-C₅H₅(CO)(L)Y] or (b) Fe(η-C₅H₅(CO)(L)(CNMe)][X] (L = CO, CNMe). If X⁻ and Y⁻ are both coordinating anions such as NO₃⁻, I⁻, or Br⁻ or the solvent is MeCN products of type (a) are usually obtained with X = Y = MeCN⁺ if acetonitrile is used as the solvent. However, if either X⁻ or Y⁻ is a non-coordinating anion such as BF₄⁻ or PF₆⁻ and methanol is the solvent, the products are usually those of type (b). When X⁻ = [p-MeC₆H₄SO₃]⁻, both types of products are obtained in significant amounts. If two equivalents of Ph₃P are added to the methanol solution of [Fe₂(η-C₅H₅)₂(CO)₂{-CN(Me)H}₂[BF₆]₂, no reaction takes place until the third equivalent of AgNO₃ has been added. The products have been isolated and characterized by analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The previously unreported [Fe₂(η-C₅H₅)₂(CO)(CNMe)(η-CO){η-CN(Me)H}] X salts are described for X⁻ = BF₄⁻, PF₆⁻, Br⁻ · 2H₂O, I⁻ · H₂O, NO₃⁻ · 0.5H₂O, and p-MeC₆H⁴SO₃⁻.     

Crystal structures and vibrational spectra ofMSnF6·6H2O(M=Fe,Co, Ni)

Summary Single crystal X-ray structural data (atT=300 K) are reported for CoSnF₆·6H₂O (rhombohedral; R{ie61-1}-C _3i ² ;a=9.735(7) Å,c=10.095(7) Å, =120°;Z=3;R=0.047) and for NiSnF₆· 6H₂O (rhombohedral; R{ie61-2}-C _3i ² ;a=9.697(1)Å,c=10.021(1)Å, =120°;Z=3;R=0.038). The two compounds are isostructural to FeSnF₆·6H₂O. IR and Raman spectroscopic data (atT=300 and 75 K) are reported for hydrated and for partially deuterated samples ofMSnF₆·6H₂O (M=Fe, Co, Ni). Two rather similar (OD) stretching frequencies and one (HDO) bending frequency of isotopically dilute HDO molecules are observed for either of the three compounds, which is consistent with one crystallographically distinct water molecule forming two different, but rather similar O ... F hydrogen bonds.

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Kristallstrukturen und Schwingungsspektren vonMSnF₆·6H₂O (M=Fe, Co, Ni)

Zusammenfassung Die Kristallstrukturen von CoSnF₆·6H₂O (rhomboedrisch; R{ie61-3}-C _3i ² ;a=9.735(7) Å,c=10.095(7) Å, =120°;Z=3;R=0.047) und von NiSnF₆·6H₂O (rhomboedrisch; R{ie61-4}-C _3i ² ;a=9.697(1)Å,c=10.021(1)Å, =120°;Z=3;R=0.038) wurden mittels Röntgen-Einkristalldaten (beiT=300 K) bestimmt. Die beiden Verbindungen sind isostrukturell zu FeSnF₆·6H₂O. IR- und Raman-Spektren vonMSnF₆·6H₂O (M=Fe, Co, Ni) wurden von Proben mit unterschiedlichem Deuterierungsgrad gemessen (beiT=300 und 75 K). Bei allen drei Verbindungen findet man für isotopenverdünnte HDO Moleküle zwei nur geringfügig unterschiedliche (OD)-Valenzfrequenzen und eine (HDO)-Deformationsfrequenz, was mit der Existenz von nur einer Art von Wassermolekülen mit zwei verschiedenen, aber doch sehr ähnlichen O ... F Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen übereinstimmt.

     

多孔磁体甲酸盐[M3(HCOO)6](M=Mn2+,Fe2+,Co2+,Ni2+,Fe2+/Zn2+)的研究

综述了近年来我们在多孔磁体甲酸盐系列[M3(HCOO)6](M=Mn2 ,Fe2 ,Co2 ,Ni2 ,Fe2 /Zn2 )获得的研究结果.这些多孔磁体可以在常温下用温和的溶液化学方法制备获得,它们的结构是以MM4四面体为节点的金刚石多孔骨架,呈现了很好的热稳定性、多孔性、广谱的客体包合性能和稳定性.由于客体的包合对多孔磁性骨架的结构参数产生影响以及客体和骨架之间的弱氢键相互作用,这些多孔磁体表现了丰富的和客体调控的磁性质.混合金属的多孔磁体[FexZn3-x(HCOO)6]表现了随着Zn2 的含量增加而发生的由三维磁有序到自旋玻璃、再到超顺磁体、最后到顺磁体的渐次转变.     

Electrophilic Substitution Co(II)→M(II) (M = Mn,Ni, Cu,Zn, Cd) in Co2[Fe(CN)6] Gelatin-Immobilized Matrices

Electrophilic substitutions Co(II) M(II) (M = Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd) in cobalt(II) hexacyanoferrate(II) gelatin-immobilized matrices in contact with aqueous solutions of corresponding chlorides MCl₂ were studied. As a result of this contact, Co(II) was shown to be replaced to some extent by Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), or Cd(II) and to give heteronuclear cobalt(II) hexacyanoferrates(II) and two-charge ions. A complete substitution of Co(II) or the formation the respective mononuclear hexacyanoferrate(II) M₂[Fe(CN)₂] was observed in neither of the studied systems Co(II) M(II). No Co(II) Mn(II) substitution was observed, even though the immobilized matrix was in contact with a solution for a long time.     

稀土复合硫化物Ln_6MSi_2S_(14)(M=Co、Ni)的合成

用气固相反应合成出一系列Ln_6MSi_2S_(14)(Ln=La··Dy,M=Co、Ni)化合物,给出了X射线粉末衍射数据和晶胞参数。