高氯酸锂在有机溶剂中离子溶剂化和离子缔合的红外光谱研究

利用红外光谱技术研究了LiClO4在碳酸丙烯酸,γ－丁内酯和碳酸二乙酯中的离子缔合和离子溶剂化。溶剂分子谱带的变化证明,锂离子与溶剂分子的相互作用主要是通过羰基氧原子进行的,醚氧也可能参与了相互作用,高氯酸锂的v1和v4谱带变化则证明了溶液中离子对的存在,而离子对的种类与溶剂分子的特性有关。     

高浓度NaBF4/DMF溶液中的离子溶剂化和离子缔合

利用振动光谱技术和量子化学方法研究了NaBF4／DMF溶液中的离子缔合和离子溶剂化现象。DMF分子的谱带变化表明,Na^ 与DMF分子的相互作用是通过DMF分子羰基上的氧原子进行的。Na^ 的溶剂化层内含有4个DMF分子,呈近似的四面体结构。而BF4^-谱带的变化表明,溶液中存在着离子缔合,有直接接触离子对生成。直接接触离子对的含量随溶液浓度增加而增大。     

离子对缔合物萃取分光光度法测定阿莫西林

在弱酸性条件下,阿莫西林能与亚甲蓝(MB)反应生成易被1,2-二氯乙烷萃取的离子对缔合物,其最大吸收波长为λ_max=657 nm。据此建立了测定阿莫西林的萃取分光光度法,药物浓度在0.4～6.8 mg·L-1范围内符合比尔定律,在最大吸收波长657 nm处表观摩尔吸光系数ε= 5.0×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,最低检出限为0.01 mg·L-1,回收率为97.5％～101.3％。实验表明该法可成功地用于药物制剂及尿样中阿莫西林含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

萃取动力学光谱法测定癌组织中的微量元素

本文研究了在 p H9.2～ 9.5氨性缓冲溶液中 ,Cu( )催化 H2 O2 氧化溴酚蓝和丁基罗丹明 B等色染料离子对褪色的新指示反应 ,建立了较为广泛的快速终止催化反应的新方法。本方法测定铜 ,灵敏度为 0 .0 2μg·L- 1 ,线性范围为 0 .1～ 10 μg· L- 1。用于直肠癌组织中微量元素铜的测定 ,结果满意     

四溴荧光素丁基罗丹明B染料离子时的吸光性质研究

本对四溴荧光素、丁基罗丹明Ｂ各自的吸光性质以及它们的形成的离子缔合物的吸光性质进行了研究。测得四溴荧光素与丁基罗丹明Ｂ在ｐＨ７时的缔合比为１：２。其Ｋｓｐ＝２．１６×１０＾－１８。缔合物的萃取率为８３．２％。为进一步研究四溴荧光素、丁基罗丹明Ｂ的萃取光度分析奠定了理论基础。     

染料激光色立方模型定态性质的描述

应用一般形式的统一色噪声近似得到了洒料激光色立方模型光强分布的福克－普朗克方程。导出了光强分布函数，描述了光强涨落的实验和数值模拟结果以及色噪声对光强涨落的影响。     

染料激光色立方模型的第一通过时间分布

本文首先把Ｊｕｎｇ和Ｈａｎｇｇｉ提出的统一色噪声近似推广到多维情形，从而导出了这一近似下单模染料激光色立方模型的朗之万方程和福克－普朗克方程；得到了该模型第一通过时间分布的平均值，协方差和偏斜率的近似解析式并将其和数值模拟进行比较。     

非等强度,等脉冲相关技术测量甲酚紫染料的吸收恢复时间

利用非等强度、等脉冲相关技术测量甲酚紫染料吸收恢复时间。实验结果给出了甲酚紫染料吸收恢复时间为158ps。     

新型杂化絮凝剂PAC-PDMDAAC对染料废水的脱色光谱分析

用新型杂化絮凝剂聚合氯化铝-聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PAC-PDMDAAC)处理分散紫和活性艳红两种染料废水。杂化絮凝剂投药量为400和450 mg·L-1时,分散紫和活性艳红的脱色率分别达到99%和86.8%,优于聚合氯化铝(PAC)和复配型PAC-PDMDAAC。杂化絮凝剂处理分散紫的最佳pH为7～12,而处理活性艳红的最佳pH为7～9。分别对两种染料及其杂化絮体进行傅里叶红外光谱扫描,结果表明杂化絮凝剂与两种染料分子的某些基团有络合作用,杂化絮体中羟基峰增大且宽化,杂化絮凝剂对染料废水的脱色以吸附电中和为主。对染料原水以及混凝后上清液进行紫外连续扫描,两种上清液的吸光度都大大降低,同时吸收曲线波峰偏移,进一步说明电中和与吸附架桥的协同作用是脱色的主要机理。同时,杂化絮凝剂对分散紫的脱色是通过破坏醚键以及与—NH₂反应,而对活性艳红的脱色则是通过对—SO₃的置换以及对Cl-的取代。为该新型无机-有机高分子杂化絮凝剂混凝脱色效能及脱色机理研究提供新方法,具有实际意义和应用价值。     

蛋白质与酸性染料相互作用的分光光度研究

分别在酸性碱性介质研究了铬天青S（CAS）,溴甲酚渌（BCG）,溴邻苯三酚红（BPR）和甲基百里酚蓝（MTB）与蛋白质结合的光度性质。在pH 3．8－4．0,蛋白质使CAS和BCG的吸光度降低,在pH 3．8和10．8,蛋白质分别使BOR和MTB最大吸收波长红移10和20nm,并使染料吸光度增大。无论染料吸光度降低或增大,均与蛋白质浓度在一定浓度范围内成正比。初步讨论了蛋白质与染料作用的机理。     

蛋白质与酸性染料相互作用的分光光度研究

分别在酸性和碱性介质研究了铬天青S(CAS),溴甲酚绿(BCG),溴邻苯三酚红(BPR)和甲基百里酚蓝(MTB)与蛋白质结合的光度性质.在pH3.8～4.0,蛋白质使CAS和BCG的吸光度降低,在pH3.8和10.8,蛋白质分别使BPR和MTB最大吸收波长红移10和20nm,并使染料吸光度增大.无论染料吸光度降低或增大,均与蛋白质浓度在一定浓度范围内成正比.初步讨论了蛋白质与染料作用的机理.     

The influence of the quarter wave plates in automated photoelasticity

During the last decades, several methods have been proposed to automate photoelastic analyses. Some procedures are based on the circularly polarised light by using quarter wave plates. However, quarter wave plates are typically matched for a specific wavelength, and an error is introduced at different wavelengths. The error of quarter wave plates affects the measurement of isochromatic and isoclinic data. In this paper, the influence of the errors of quarter wave plates in some of the most common automated photoelastic methods is reviewed. The errors in the photoelastic data are given and the procedures to reduce, or eliminate, them are also suggested.     

Spectrophotometric Investigation of the Celiprolol-Hydrochloride Ion-Pair

Celiprolol-hydrochloride has been determined using benzylorange and forming ion-pair. The absorbance of yellow coloured ion-pair is measured at 401 nm. Unknown concentrations of celiprolol-hydrochloride is calculated by using the calibration graph of the following calibration equation:

y = 0.1602 × + 0.0214

The conditional stability constant of the ion-pair at the optimum pH 6.2 and ionic strength 0.05 is found to be 5.63. The method is successfully applied to the determination of celiprolol-hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations.     

Introduction to the Performance and Mechanism of Various Photocatalytic Materials Compounded with Carbon Dots

With their unique optical and electronic properties, carbon dots (CDs) are showing great momentum in many fields such as biosensing, imaging, drug delivery, and photocatalysis. Due to their efficient light harvesting, extraordinary upconversion photoluminescence, and excellent photoinduced electron transfer capabilities, the combination of CDs with photocatalytic materials will promote light absorption resulting in increased generation of electron-hole pairs and faster photogenerated electron transfer, effectively suppressing the rate of electron-hole pair complexation and thus improving photocatalytic activity. In this paper, the mechanism of CDs photocatalysis and various photocatalytic materials such as TiO₂, Bi-based, CdS, and g-C₃N₄ complexed with CDs are reviewed. It is hoped that research into CDs in the field of photocatalysis will be advanced and that CDs will be used more widely in environmental and energy applications.     

基于阳离子表面活性剂缔合微粒共振瑞利散射光谱法测定痕量O_3

以pH 4.0HAC-NaAC缓冲溶液为介质,用硼酸碘化钾溶液(BKI)作为O3吸收剂。O3将I-氧化生成为I2,溶液中过量的I-与I2又可形成I-3,有阳离子表面活性剂(CS)如氯代十六烷基吡啶(CPCl),溴代十四烷基吡啶(TPB),十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB),十四烷基苄基二甲基氯化铵(TDMAC)存在时,CS与I-3形成稳定的(CS-I3)n缔合微粒,在470nm处有一个较强的共振瑞利散射峰(RRS),随着O3浓度的增大,体系中的I-3增多,I-3与CS形成的(CS-I3)n缔合微粒越多,470nm处的RRS强度I增强,O3浓度与其增强值ΔI成线性关系,各体系的线性范围分别为15~50,50~100,5~25,1~50μmol·L-1,回归方程分别为ΔI=8.81c-4.01,ΔI=5.44c-3.11,ΔI=15.39c-1.55,ΔI=16.88c+0.51,检出限分别为4.9,12,2.85,0.56μmol·L-1 O3。实验考察了共存物质的影响,当O3浓度为2.5×10-6 mol·L-1,相对误差在±10%内时,4.0×10-5 mol·L-1 Hg2+,8.7×10-5 mol·L-1 Fe3+,5.0×10-5 mol·L-1 Ca2+,2.5×10-5mol·L-1 Zn2+和Cu2+,2.8×10-6 mol·L-1 Pb2+和Cr3+,4.2×10-5 mol·L-1 Mg2+,Mn2+和Ba2+对体系的测定无干扰。说明该方法具有良好的选择性。选用TDMAC体系检测空气中的O3,结果令人满意。采用激光散射技术研究了(TDMAC-I3)n缔合微粒体系的粒径分布。当通入O3后,过量KI与O3反应形成I-3,I-3与TDMAC反应生成(TDMAC-I3)n缔合微粒,其粒径集中分布在1 106~3 091nm之间。     

小檗碱-[AuI4]-缔合纳米微粒体系的吸收光谱研究及分析应用

在0.008 mol·L-1HCl介质中, Au(Ⅲ)与I-形成[AuI4]-; [AuI4]-和小檗碱(BB)通过静电引力作用形成疏水性的(AuI4-BB)缔合物分子. 由于(AuI4-BB)缔合物分子间存在较强的分子间作用力和疏水作用力而生成橙黄色(AuI4-BB)n缔合纳米微粒, 在520 nm处产生一个共振散射峰; 其吸收峰仍位于[AuI4]-的吸收峰350 nm处, 但在可见光范围内的吸光度增大. 在选定条件下, BB浓度在0.8×10-6～20×10-6 mol·L-1范围内与A450 nm呈线性关系. 实验结果表明, (AuI4-BB)n缔合纳米微粒的形成是产生共振散射的根本原因.     

Generation of singlet oxygen by indotricarbocyanine dyes in low-polarity media

We present the results of a study of the spectral luminescence properties of three groups of indotricarbocyanine dyes, each of which is formed from compounds with the same cation and different anions. In high-polarity solvents, in the absorption and emission spectra of the dyes we see one type of center; in low-polarity solvents, due to the presence of different ionic forms of the dyes (free ions, contact ion pairs), we observe either one type or two types of centers. By analysis of the luminescence of molecular oxygen in the 1.27 μm spectral region, we determined the efficiency of photosensitization of ¹O₂ formation by dyes in deuterated solvents. We have shown that in low-polarity solvents, the yield for singlet oxygen generation is higher for indotricarbocyanine dyes which are found in the contact ion pair state and which also contain a heavy atom (I) in the anion. We have observed that an increase in the fraction of contact ion pairs in solution as the dye concentration increases or when an additional salt is introduced leads to an increase in the quantum yield for generation of singlet oxygen. In polar deuterated acetonitrile, the counterion has no effect on the efficiency of photosensitization of oxygen by the dyes. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 75, No. 5, pp. 684–693, September–October, 2008.