共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mark Maric Wilhelm van Bronswijk Kari Pitts Simon W. Lewis 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2016,47(8):948-955
The clear coats from a collection of automotive paint samples of 139 vehicles, covering a range of Australian and international vehicle manufacturers and sold in Western Australia, were characterised using FT‐Raman spectroscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed 19 distinct classes that were associated with the vehicles' manufacturer and model, and in the case of Australian manufacturers, the years of manufacture. Linear discriminant analysis based on the PCA groupings gave excellent discrimination between the groups with 96.9% of the calibration set and 97.6% of the validation set being correctly classified. Although the sample set comprised only vehicles available in Australia, the methodology used is universal and hence applicable in any jurisdiction that is willing and able to generate a statistically significant data set and maintain and update it as new vehicles appear on the market. A FT‐Raman spectroscopy‐based database would rapidly provide information regarding vehicle origin and manufacture and hence generate investigative leads for questioned paint samples found at incident sites. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2017,48(8):1122-1126
In this study, we aimed at developing a rapid and non‐destructive method to predict the genus‐level taxonomic affiliation of phenotypically similar halophilic archaea of Halobacteria Class. For this purpose, representatives of three widespread and frequently isolated haloarchaeal genera (Halobacterium sp., Haloferax sp. and Halorubrum sp.) were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy. The most relevant Raman bands exhibited at 1505, 1150 and 1000 cm−1, respectively, were ascribed to the bacterioruberin carotenoid found in haloarchaea. Due to the similar spectral profiles, a robust chemometric approach based on fuzzy principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis for the classification of the three halophilic strains was employed, and the high‐accuracy grouping of spectral data corresponding to those strains was achieved. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
A promising approach to conductive patterns with high efficiency for flexible electronics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A promising approach for conductive patterns with high efficiency for flexible electronics was developed by direct-writing, silver(I) solution (silver nitrate, acetate silver, etc.) with no solid particles as a conductive ink, conductive pen as a writing implement, and polyimide (PI) film as a substrate. The physical properties of the conductive ink were investigated by a dynamic contact angle system, ubbelohde viscometer and surface tension instrument. Conductive properties of silver ink film were investigated by 4-point probe, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and surface profilometer. It is demonstrated how the design of solvent composition in conductive ink affects surface morphology, and conductivity of silver ink films. It can be obtained that conductive patterns drawn on PI substrate not only have good mechanical/electrical fatigue properties, but also have low resistivity. Especially, when the sintering condition is 200 °C for 60 min, the resistivity can be down to 6.6 μΩ cm, 4.25 times the silver bulk resistivity. 相似文献
4.
油类污染严重威胁到自然环境及人类健康.因此,识别和处理油类污染非常重要.由于三维荧光光谱能够表征石油的荧光特征,故一般利用三维荧光光谱法检测溶液中存在的油类污染物.但油类的三维荧光光谱数据维度较高且直接分析的难度较大,因此可以利用数据降维方法提取原始油类样本的光谱特征,并利用所得到的光谱特征对样本进行识别.基于此,利用... 相似文献
5.
太赫兹时域光谱结合主成分分析线性判别和支持向量机用于大黄样品鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)结合主成分分析-线性判别分析(PCA-LDA)和支持向量机(SVM)用于正品大黄样品的鉴定。在时域测量41个大黄样品的太赫兹时域透射光谱,然后将这些时域信号转换成频域的吸收系数系数。根据样本的吸收系数建立了主成分分析-线性判别分析和支持向量机的定性分类模型,并对正品和非正品大黄样本的分类模型进行了交叉验证。模型的预测能力和稳定性使用自助拉丁配分进行评价,使用50次自助拉丁配分,配分数为4。使用主成分分析-线性判别分析和支持向量机均得到了满意的结果。提出的方法证明是一种方便、无污染、准确和无需化学处理的鉴定大黄样本的方法。该文提出的步骤可以应用于其他中草药分类和生产的质量控制。 相似文献
6.
贮存时间是影响生菜品质的一项重要因素,传统的贮存时间鉴别方法主要依靠人工经验,但是这种方法的准确率和可信度并不高。研究的目标是建立一种基于模糊识别的模型进行生菜光谱分析以实现生菜贮存时间的鉴别,并与其他鉴别方法作比较。为此,在当地超市购买60份新鲜生菜样品,存放于冰箱中待用。首先,通过AntarisⅡ近红外光谱检测仪采集生菜样品的近红外光谱数据,每隔12小时检测一次,每个样本检测重复三次,并取三次平均值作为实验数据。其次,利用多元散射校正(MSC)减少近红外光谱中的冗余信息。为了进一步去除近红外光谱中的无用信息以及简化随后的数据分类过程,分别运用主成分分析(PCA)和排序主成分分析(PCA Sort)。其中,PCA Sort通过改进对主成分的排序方法能提高分类准确率,同时便于模糊线性鉴别分析(FLDA)进一步提取特征。PCA和PCA Sort的计算仅运用了前15个主成分(能充分反映光谱的主要信息)。最后,利用模糊线性鉴别分析算法(FLDA)和K近邻算法(KNN)进一步分类所得的低维数据。基于PCA和KNN算法的模型鉴别准确率达到43%,而基于PCA, FLDA和KNN算法的模型鉴别准确... 相似文献
7.
近红外光谱的不同产地柑橘无损鉴别方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
柑橘是世界第一大水果。不同产地的柑橘内部品质和价格有所不同,但其外观差别较小,外行人较难通过肉眼实现准确鉴别分析。DNA标记法与仪器分析操作复杂、成本较高,且对样品具有破坏性,无法实现快速无损分析,影响了产品的二次销售。近红外光谱技术是一种快速无损的新型检测手段,可以用于不同产地农产品的鉴别分析。由于柑橘皮对光谱的干扰较大,导致现阶段柑橘产地无损鉴别研究匮乏。此外柑橘体积较大,因此需要对光谱采样点进行优化。为此,基于近红外光谱技术与化学计量学方法,提出了一种用于不同产地柑橘无损鉴别的新方法。使用近红外光谱仪得到了120个来自云南、湖南、广西武鸣、广西来宾的沃柑漫反射光谱数据。采用单一和组合光谱预处理方式以消除光谱中的多种干扰;采用主成分分析方法对数据进行降维处理,并以此作为输入值结合Fisher线性判别分析方法构建柑橘产地鉴别模型,并与主成分分析模型进行对比。此外,考察了不同光谱采样位置(赤道线4个采集点、果梗部以及果顶部)对结果的影响。结果表明:主成分分析方法结合优化光谱预处理的方法不能实现不同产地柑橘的准确鉴别分析,最优鉴别率仅为5%;而采用主成分分析-Fisher线性判别分析方法,利用赤道线4个点的平均光谱结合去偏置校正或多元散射校正预处理方法可实现不同产地柑橘的100%鉴别分析;采用主成分分析-Fisher线性判别分析对6个点的平均光谱数据进行处理时,采用原始光谱便可实现不同产地柑橘的100%鉴别分析。为此,通过对光谱预处理方法以及光谱采集点的优化,利用主成分分析-Fisher线性判别分析方法即可建立准确的柑橘产地鉴别模型,为不同产地柑橘的快速鉴别提供了新途径,为后续各种柑橘类水果的鉴别分析提供了参考。 相似文献
8.
基于广义判别分析的光谱分类 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
提出了基于广义判别分析(generalized discriminant analysis, GDA)方法对恒星(Star)、星系(Galaxy)和类星体(Quasars)的光谱进行分类。广义判别分析将核技巧与Fisher判别分析结合起来,通过非线性映射将样本集映射到高维特征空间F,在F空间中进行线性判别分析。实验对比了LDA, GDA, PCA, KPCA算法对于恒星、星系和类星体的光谱分类性能。结果表明基于GDA的算法对于这3种类型光谱的分类正确率最高,LDA次之;尽管KPCA也是一种基于核的方法,但是选择主成分个数较少时效果较差,甚至低于LDA;基于PCA的分类效果最差。 相似文献
9.
Bruno G. daFonseca;Sapanbir S. Thind;Ian Booth;Alexandre G. Brolo; 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2024,55(1):15-25
Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to classify different types of carbon material based on their Raman spectra. The selected reference materials were highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), diamond-like carbon (DLC), glassy carbon (GC), hydrogenated graphite-like carbon (GLCH), and hydrogenated polymer-like carbon (PLCH). These materials vary in crystallinity, predominant carbon hybridization, and hydrogen content. The training dataset was Raman spectra collected from commercial samples (HOPG, DLC, GC) and samples synthesized in our laboratory (GLCH, PLCH). The Raman spectra were collected using 532 nm laser excitation. The classification model revealed that the first principal component (PC1) was the determinant source of information to separate the crystalline from the amorphous carbon samples. PC2 allowed the separation of amorphous material with different levels of hybridization (sp2 and sp3). Finally, both PC2 and PC3 contributed to separate materials with different levels of hydrogenation. The classification model was tested using a library of Raman spectra of carbon materials reported in the literature, and the results showed a high accuracy prediction (97%). The model presented here provides an avenue for automated classification of carbon materials using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning. 相似文献
10.
A. C. S. Talari C. A. Evans I. Holen R. E. Coleman Ihtesham Ur Rehman 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2015,46(5):421-427
Breast cancer incident rates are increasing in women worldwide with the highest incidence rates reported in developing countries. Major breast cancer screening approaches like mammography, ultrasound, clinical breast examination (CBE) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are currently used but have their own limitations. Optical spectroscopy has attained great attention from biomedical researchers in recent years due to its non‐invasive and non‐destructive detection approach. Chemometrics is one of the powerful tools used in spectroscopic research to enhance its sensitivity. Raman spectroscopy, a vibrational spectroscopic approach, has been used to explore the chemical fingerprints of different biological tissues including normal and malignant types. This approach was used to characterize and differentiate two breast cancer and one normal breast cell lines (MDA‐MB‐436, MCF‐7 and MCF‐10A) using dispersive Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectra of the cell lines have revealed that basic differences in the concentration of biochemical compounds such as lipids, nucleic acids and protein Raman peaks were found to differ in intensity, and principal component analysis (PCA) was able to identify variations that lead to accurate and reliable separation of the three cell lines. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model of three cell lines was predicted with 100% sensitivity and 91% specificity. We have shown that a combination of Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics are capable of differentiation between breast cancer cell lines. These variations may be useful in identifying new spectral markers to differentiate different subtypes of breast cancer although this needs confirmation in a larger panel of cell lines as well as clinical material. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
11.
Pachaiappan Rekha Prakasarao Aruna Ganesan Bharanidharan Dornadula Koteeswaran Munusamy Baludavid Singaravelu Ganesan 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2015,46(9):735-743
The metabolic end products from cells/tissues that are released into the circulating blood stream and any changes in their level because of pathological conditions may be used as markers in disease diagnosis. Raman spectroscopy has been exploited to characterize the biomolecules present in the blood plasma of clinically confirmed normal group, premalignant (Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis) and malignant (Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma) at 784.15 nm. Raman spectral signatures show relatively less intense Raman bands of phenylalanine, lipid and antioxidant beta carotene but higher intense bands for proteins, DNA base components and amino acids (tyrosine and tryptophan) for malignant group than that of normal group. However premalignant group possess high intense Raman bands for amino acids (tyrosine and tryptophan) at 830, 1020 and 1620 cm−1 and protein peaks at 913, 978 and 1646 cm−1 when compared to that of malignant and normal group. Principal component analysis coupled with linear discriminant analysis (PCA‐LDA) yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 96.3% and 91.2%, and a specificity of 80.0% and 96.7% in the classification of normal from premalignant and normal from malignant, respectively. This indicates that Raman spectroscopy of blood plasma has the potential in classifying normal and oral malignancy conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
共焦显微拉曼光谱深度剖析法在笔迹鉴定中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用共焦显微拉曼光谱纵向扫描采样手段,发展了一种深度剖析光谱方法在法庭科学领域的新应用,并将此方法具体运用到了书写笔迹与印章印泥的鉴定,在纵向上区分笔迹和印泥的空间位置上取得了很好效果。该方法具有快速、简便、灵敏度高、对样品无损伤等优点。 相似文献
13.
14.
《光谱学快报》2012,45(10):583-598
AbstractIn the present study, we have utilized attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the examination of raw, pasteurized and adulterated milk samples. Principal component analysis and discriminant analysis have been applied for discrimination and classification purposes. According to the observations and the model of “goodness of fit”, the obtained results explain 100% of the original classification of the dataset and leave one out cross-validation provides 93.74% of accurate classification. 相似文献
15.
To recognize different vegetation species exactly, especially the species of the same family, laser-induced fluorescence characteristics of vegetation, which is excited by 556 nm laser rather than the traditional 355 nm excitation light source, is proposed to be utilized in this article. The experimental results demonstrated that fluorescence characteristics of vegetation induced by a 556 nm laser are more obvious than that induced by a 355 nm laser. These fluorescence spectra, combined with multivariate analysis, are utilized to identify different vegetation species. The 100% of recognition rate was then acquired. Therefore, this study shows that different plant types could be accurately identified when a 556 nm laser serves as excitation light source. 相似文献
16.
Nika Erjavec Giulietta Pinato Kerstin Ramser 《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2016,47(8):933-939
Raman spectroscopy allows the molecular chemical analysis of whole living cells by comparing them to known Raman signatures of specific vibrational bonds. In this work we used Raman spectroscopy to differentiate between wild type yeast cells and mutants characterized by increased or reduced mitochondrial fragmentation. To associate mitochondrial fragmentation with biochemical markers, we performed Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) of whole cell Raman spectra (~50–100 cells/spectrum). We show that the long‐lived, less fragmented mutants fall into a significantly distant cluster from the wild type and short‐lived, more fragmented mutants. Clustering depends on respiratory growth and coincides with that of membrane phospholipids and some respiratory chain components. Spectral clustering is supported by enzymatic activity measurements of OXPHOS Complexes. In addition, we find that NAD(P)H autofluorescence also correlates with mitochondrial fragmentation, representing another likely aging biomarker, besides phospholipids and OXPHOS components. In summary, we demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy has the potential to become a powerful tool for differentiating healthy from unhealthy aged tissues, as well as for the prognostic evaluation of mitochondrial function and fitness. © 2016 The Authors Journal of Raman Spectroscopy Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd 相似文献
17.
高效液相色谱法鉴定蓝色圆珠笔油墨字迹的书写时间 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
由圆珠笔油墨形成的契约、合同、收据和借条等可疑文件的真伪及形成时间的鉴定是目前法庭科学实验室经常遇到的问题, 因此建立一种简便、灵敏和准确的检验圆珠笔油墨字迹色痕的异同及形成时间的方法是十分必要的。文章介绍了一种可以检验圆珠笔油墨的种类及形成时间的方法。这种方法是依据高效液相色谱法分析圆珠笔油墨中染料的种类及染料随时间的变化关系来确定圆珠笔油墨字迹的异同及书写时间,染料随时间的变化可以通过相应的色谱峰的峰面积比计算而得。 相似文献
18.
Our recent work on the detection of explosives by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is reviewed in this paper. We have studied the physical mechanism of laser-induced plasma of an organic explosive, TNT. The LIBS spectra of TNT under single-photon excitation are simulated using MATLAB. The variations of the atomic emission lines intensities of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen versus the plasma temperature are simulated too. We also investigate the time-resolved LIBS spectra of a common inorganic explosive, black powder, in two kinds of surrounding atmospheres, air and argon, and find that the maximum value of the O atomic emission line SBR of black powder occurs at a gate delay of 596 ns. Another focus of our work is on using chemometic methods such as principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to distinguish the organic explosives from organic materials such as plastics. A PLS-DA model for classification is built. TNT and seven types of plastics are chosen as samples to test the model. The experimental results demonstrate that LIBS coupled with the chemometric techniques has the capacity to discriminate organic explosive from plastics. 相似文献
19.
结合实例综述红外显微技术在法庭科学中的最新应用。包括使用ATR,金刚石池和智能机械手等附件以及透射,反射和ATR等检测模式,对油漆,纤维,染料,塑料,橡胶,油墨,药物和毒品等物证进行分析。 相似文献
20.
基于可见-近红外光谱的制动液品牌鉴别方法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出了一种基于可见-近红外光谱分析技术快速鉴别汽车制动液品牌的新方法。采用美国ASD公司的便携式光谱仪对五种不同品牌的制动液进行光谱分析,各获取60个样本数据。采用平均平滑法和标准归一化方法对样本数据进行预处理,再对光谱数据进行主成分分析,建立第一主成分和第二主成分的二维散点图,表明不同品牌制动液具有较好的聚类特性。将前6个主成分作为输入量,制动液品牌作为输出量,建立了基于逐步判别分析法的鉴别模型。随机抽取225个样本用于建模,余下的75个样本用于模型验证。试验结果表明验证准确率达到94.67%,说明所提出的方法具有很好的分类和鉴别作用,为制动液品牌的快速鉴别提供了一种新方法。 相似文献