High Regioselective Hydroformylation of Higher Olefins Catalyzed by Water-soluble Rhodium Complex

The idea of two-phase (aqueous/organic) catalysis has attracted great attention in recent years due to the easy separation of catalyst from organic products by simple decantation and the environmental benefits. However, in the case of higher olefin hydroformylation, the unacceptable low reaction rate was observed due to its very low solubility in water. In fact many efforts have been devoted during the last years to find efficient means either to improve the mass transfer of the reactants or to maintain the active species at the interface, mainly by using a co-solvent, a cyclodextrin, a surfactant, an amphiphilic ligand, a carbohydrate modified phosphine or by supported aqueous phase catalysis and water-soluble polymer ligand.     

铑螯合物对苯乙烯氢甲酰化的催化作用

合成了螯合物二羰基邻氨基苯酚铑、二羰基(8-羟基喹啉)铑和二羰基亮氨酸铑,在常压、60℃下研究了其对苯乙烯氢甲酰化的催化作用.催化活性及选择性与氮氧螯合配体和外加膦配体结构有关,在双齿膦配体存在下,催化活性和选择性较高,膦铑比增大一般可使初活性降低,但转化率提高,而膦铑比对区域选择性影响很小.二羰基亮氨酸铑既表现出较好的活性和选择性,又可作为苯乙烯氢甲酰化手性催化剂,旋光产率9.5％.苯乙烯氢甲酰化的化学选择性均达100％.     

温控相分离催化的高碳烯烃氢甲酰化反应研究

考察了非离子表面活性膦配体P[p-C6H4O(CH2CH2O)nH]3(PETPP,n=6～12,N=3n)在有机溶剂中的溶解度－温度关系，发现其在甲苯中具有临界溶解温度（CST）现象。基于PETPP在甲苯中低温分相、高温互溶的CST特性，提出了温控相分离催化的新概念。并将其应用于癸烯氢甲酰化反应，转化率及醛收率分别达到98.7%和96.0%，催化剂循环使用10次，活性基本保持不变。     

温控相转移纳米铑催化高碳烯烃氢甲酰化反应

 基于温控配体 Ph₂P(CH₂CH₂O)₁₆CH₃ 稳定的 Rh 纳米催化剂在水/1-丁醇两相体系中具有温控相转移功能, 将其用于高碳烯烃氢甲酰化反应中. 在优化的反应条件下, 1-辛烯转化率和醛收率分别达 98% 和 96%, 对其它高碳烯烃氢甲酰化反应也具有较高的催化性能. 催化剂和产物通过简单的相分离即可分开, 连续使用 3 次后, 催化剂性能未见明显降低.     

Asymmetric Hydroformylation of Olefins Catalyzed by a Chiral Diphosphite-Rhodium Complex

A C2-symmetrical aryl diphosphite derived from chiral binaphthol was prepared and its rhodium complex was used as catalysts in the asymmetric hydroformylation of olefins. High catalytic activity and good regioselectivity were observed. Up to 31.2% ee and 38.1% ee were achieved for the hydroformylation of 4-fluoro-styrene and vinyl acetate respectively. The influences of ligand-to-metal ratio, reaction temperature and the pressure of syn-gas on the enantioselectivity and regioselectivity were also studied.     

铑/双膦配体催化均相内烯烃氢甲酰化反应的研究进展

烯烃氢甲酰化反应是工业上合成醛的重要方法.由于双膦配体良好的配位能力,形成的铑配合物有很好的催化活性,在内烯烃氢甲酰化反应中,可以有效地提高直链醛选择性.本文系统地综述了近年来双膦配体铑配合物催化均相内烯烃氢甲酰化反应的研究进展,讨论了双膦配体结构对催化剂活性和生成直链醛选择性的影响.     

Stereochemistry of the Platinum Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Olefins

The deuterioformylation of (Z)- or (E)-2-butene catalyzed by [DIOP]Pt(SnCl₃)-Cl

1 DIOP=2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane.

gives predominantly erythro- or threo-1,3-[²H]₂-2-methylbutanal respectively. Hence, hydroformylation by this catalytic system must take place with cis-stereochemistry.     

Aqueous Biphasic Hydroformylation of Oleyl Alcohol Catalyzed by Thermoregulated Rhodium Complex

The aqueous biphasic hydroformylation of oleyl alcohol was achieved under thermoregulated phase transfer catalysis (TRPTC) conditions with Rh(acac)(CO2) ph2p[p-C6C4(OCH2CH2)25 OH](PETPP) complex catalyst formed in situ,The aldehyde yield reached 81.2% within 6 hrs under 140℃ and 5.0 MPa(CO/H2,1/1) and the separated catalysts dissolved in the aqueous phase could be reused for 3 times without evident changes in activity.     

1-丁烯氢甲酰化反应的宏观动力学研究

采用三苯基膦羰基氢化铑作为催化剂,进行1-丁烯氢甲酰化合成戊醛反应,主要考察温度、铑浓度、配体浓度、丁烯浓度、合成气中H2和CO分压等因素对反应速率的影响.动力学研究表明温度、Rh浓度、丁烯浓度和H2分压的增加均可提高反应速度,CO分压和配体量的增加使反应速度降低.给出了RhH(CO)(PPh3)3催化1-丁烯氢甲酰化的反应动力学方程,并采用非线性最小二乘法对模型进行参数估值,计算值与实验值具有较好的一致性.     

Palladium‐Catalyzed Isomerization and Hydroformylation of Olefins

A novel selective palladium catalyst system based on bidentate 2,2′‐heteroarylarylphosphines and p‐TsOH has been developed for hydroformylation reactions (see scheme). By applying optimal conditions good to excellent regioselectivity is obtained for the hydroformylation of aliphatic and aromatic olefins. It is shown that a low acid concentration is crucial for obtaining high degrees of the linear isomer.

     

Hydroformylation of Internal Olefins to Linear Aldehydes with Novel Rhodium Catalysts

Unprecedented high activities and selectivities were observed in the hydroformylation of internal octenes to linear products using rhodium catalysts with rigid diphosphane ligands. Dibenzophosphole 1 and a phenoxaphosphane analogue with bite angles of 120 and 119°, respectively, are suited for this.     

新型水溶性膦铑络合物催化烯烃的氢甲酰化反应研究

新型水溶性膦铑络合物催化烯烃的氢甲酰化反应研究燕远勇，左焕培，金子林（大连理工大学化工学院，大连１１６０１２）关键词烯烃，水溶性膦铑络合催化剂，氢甲酰化，醛．１．前言为克服催化剂的流失和与反应产物的分离困难，近年来均相催化的一个重要进展是开发了以磺化...     

新型离子液体介质中长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应

合成和表征了离子液体[Rmim][p-CH3C6H4SO3](R=CH3(CH2)n—, n=3, 7, 11, 15), 并以所合成的离子液体为反应介质, 考察了水溶性铑膦络合物HRh(CO)(TPPTS)3[TPPTS: P(m-C6H4SO3Na)3]对长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应的催化性能. 结果表明, 离子液体[Rmim][p-CH3C6H4SO3]中R基团链长的变化对催化活性具有重要的影响；而在相同离子液体中, 氢甲酰化反应活性随着烯烃链长的增加明显下降. 与文献报道中广泛使用的离子液体[Bmim]BF4、[Bmim]PF6相比, 该催化体系对长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应具有更好的活性和化学选择性, 在3.0 MPa, 100 ℃的条件下, 1-己烯氢甲酰化反应转化频率(TOF)高达2736 h-1. 反应完成后, 水溶性铑膦络合物能很好地溶解在离子液体中, 与有机物自动分层, 催化剂的循环使用易于实现.     

硅胶键合膦的制备及其对铑络合物催化1-辛烯氢甲酰化反应的影响

以硅胶为载体, 采用键合接枝法将2-(二苯膦基)乙基三乙氧基硅烷(DPPES)共价键合于硅胶表面, 制备了性能优良的硅胶键合型膦配体(以SiO₂(PPh₂)表示). 以SiO₂(PPh₂)为配体, Rh(acac)(CO)₂ (acac:乙酰丙酮)为催化前体, 负载铑膦络合物催化剂(SiO₂(PPh₂)/Rh)在1-辛烯氢甲酰化反应中原位生成. 对生成的负载型催化剂和硅胶键合型膦配体进行了傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱表征, 考察了膦/铑摩尔浓度比([P]/[Rh])、温度等因素对铑催化的长链1-辛烯氢甲酰化反应的影响. 结果表明, 膦/铑摩尔浓度比的增加能显著提高反应的成醛选择性, 降低铑的流失. 在[P]/[Rh]=12、363 K、2.0 MPa、1.5 h 的温和反应条件下, 1-辛烯转化率和成醛选择性分别可达98.4%和95.3%, 其催化活性与DPPES或三苯基膦(TPP)作配体时的均相铑催化相近. 催化剂循环4 次后, 反应活性无明显下降, 1-辛烯转化率均在97.0%左右, 经电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)检测,有机相中铑流失低于0.1%.     

Phosphite Ligand Modified Supported Rhodium Catalyst for Hydroformylation of Internal Olefins to Linear Aldehydes

A phosphite ligand modified heterogeneous catalyst was developed for the hydroformylation of internal olefins to linear aldehydes, which showed a high activity and high regioselectivity and could be separated easily by filtration after reaction in an autoclave. Three nanoporous silica sieves were used to investigate the influence of pore structure and shape selective performance of support on the regioselectivity to the linear products.     

Towards the Development of a Selective Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Olefins

The ruthenium‐catalyzed hydroformylation of 1‐ and 2‐octene to give preferentially the corresponding linear aldehyde is reported. The catalyst system comprising of Ru₃(CO)₁₂ and an imidazole‐substituted monophosphine ligand allows for high chemo‐ and regioselectivity. The hydroformylation proceeds with unprecedented rates for a ruthenium‐based catalyst.     

烯烃的氢甲酰化串联反应研究

氢甲酰化串联反应是在氢甲酰化反应的基础上,与一个或多个不同类型的反应“一锅法”实现醛类化合物的后续定向转化,得到新的有机分子的合成方法。该反应的产物在日化工业、农业、医药中间体的生产中具有十分重要的用途。本文首先简述了近年来烯烃氢甲酰化串联反应制备高附加值化学品的重要性,随后重点介绍了几种常见的烯烃氢甲酰化串联反应:“异构化-氢甲酰化”串联反应、“氢甲酰化-缩醛化”串联反应、“氢甲酰化-氢化”串联反应和“氢甲酰化-(还原)胺化”串联反应等,以及其在设计新型(多功能)催化剂体系和高效合成目标产物方面的研究进展,最后总结了烯烃氢甲酰化串联反应存在的问题以及对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

聚氧乙烯基取代膦—铑配合物催化有机单相苯乙烯氢甲酰化反应研究

基于非离子表面活性膦配体的临界溶解温度特性 ,研究了以 Rh Cl3· 3H2 O为催化剂前体、聚氧乙烯基取代膦为配体原位合成的膦铑配合物催化剂 ,对有机单相体系中苯乙烯氢甲酰化反应的催化性能 .考察了反应温度、压力及不同聚氧乙烯基取代膦 -铑配合物催化剂对反应的影响 .以 Rh/PETPP配合物为催化剂时 ,在 T=10 0℃ ,p=6 .0 MPa (CO/H2 =1∶ 1)条件下 ,反应 3.5 h后 ,烯烃转化率和产物醛收率可分别达 96 .7%和 92 .6 %     

超临界二氧化碳和水复合溶剂中铑膦配合物催化丙烯氢甲酰化反应

 以乙酰丙酮羰基铑为催化剂母体,以水溶性三苯基膦三间磺酸钠(TPPTS)为配体,在超临界CO2和水复合溶剂中成功地实现了超临界条件下的均相丙烯氢甲酰化反应. 最佳反应条件为: 温度55 ℃,铑的浓度15 μg/ml, P/Rh摩尔比18. 在压力为12.0～14.0 MPa下反应6 h后,产物正丁醛/异丁醛摩尔比可达4.3～4.5,丁醛的时空收率达190.1～205.3 g/(g·h). 反应过程中体系处于超临界状态,反应结束后分为水、油两相,铑催化剂溶于水相,产物处于油相,油相中铑的含量仅为1.0 ng/ml,基本上消除了铑的流失,实现了催化剂与产物的有效分离,便于催化剂的回收和循环使用. 与相同反应条件下的水-有机两相氢甲酰化反应相比,超临界CO2和水复合溶剂中的丙烯氢甲酰化反应具有更高的反应速率和产物正异比.