含肟酯类姜黄素衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

采用生物活性因子拼接的方法将肟酯引入单羰基姜黄素衍生物1,5-二取代芳基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮化合物中,通过醚化、肟化、酰化,最后酯化合成11个不对称1,5-二取代-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类姜黄素衍生物,其结构经IR、1 H NMR和元素分析确证.初步生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物具有一定的体外抗肿瘤活性.     

几种姜黄素类1,4-戊二烯-3-酮衍生物的合成及结构表征

以芳香醛和酮为原料,合成了3类姜黄素类1,5-二芳基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮衍生物:1,5-二噻吩基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮(Ⅰ)、1,5-二苯基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮类(Ⅱ)和1,5-二呋喃基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮(Ⅲ);利用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱(1 H NMR及13 C NMR)分析了产物的组成和结构,初步探讨了其反应条件和反应机理.结果表明,以无水乙醇为溶剂、8%的NaOH溶液为催化剂,反应温度为30⁵0℃时,反应产率较高.     

含肟醚的姜黄素衍生物的合成及生物活性研究

采用活性拼接原理,将肟醚引入到含杂环的姜黄素衍生物1,4-戊二烯-3-酮结构中,合成了一系列新的1-芳基-5-杂环-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟醚类化合物,其结构经IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,ESI-MS和元素分析确认.初步生物活性测试结果表明:在药剂浓度为500μg/mL时,目标化合物具有一定的抗烟草病毒(TMV)活性.     

有机碲Ylide反应Ⅻ用碲Ylide合成双环丙烷衍生物

由相应的碲盐生成的某些碲ylide,能顺利地和1,4-双(3-取代苯基-3-酮-1-丙烯基)苯,1,5-二取代苯基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮反应生成双环丙烷衍生物,反应具有高立体选择性,产率为61.8-88.8％。     

新型1,5-二苯基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物的合成及其抑菌活性研究

以1,5-二苯基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟和酰氯为原料, 合成了15个新型的1,5-二苯基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物, 通过元素分析, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR等对其结构进行了表征. 初步生物活性试验结果表明, 在50 mg•L^－1浓度下, 化合物3i和3o对小麦赤霉病菌抑制率分别为51.1%和 53.4%, 与对照药剂恶霉灵抑制活性相当.     

含杂环1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物的合成及生物活性

为创制具有较高生物活性的绿色农药,以姜黄素为先导,将具有良好生物活性的肟酯基团引入1,4-戊二烯-3-酮的骨架中,设计合成了一系列含杂环1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物,其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱和高分辨质谱确认。初步的生物活性测试结果表明,在药剂浓度为50mg/L时,化合物5d对小麦赤霉病菌,水稻纹枯病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的抑制活性相对较好,分别为64.75%、52.05%和69.68%;在药剂浓度为500mg/L时,化合物5d、5e和5f对TMV具有较好的治疗和钝化活性,其抑制率分别为56.93%和86.89%、53.08%和83.51%、53.40%和89.01%。以上研究结果表明,1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物具有一定抑菌和抗病毒活性,在其结构基础上进行适当的改造,有望获得具有较高生物活性的有机分子。     

6,7-(1′,4′-亚丁基)-8-(4″-取代苯基)-10,10-二甲基-10H-吡啶并[1,2-α]吲哚盐的合成及波谱性质

前文报道了2,3,3-三甲基-3 H-吲哚高氯酸盐与1-苯基-3-取代苯基丙烯酮和1,5-二取代苯基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮的反应。为了进一步探讨吡啶并吲哚盐类化合物的光谱特性与结构之间的内在关系,以获得具有应用前景的光敏染料和有机光导体的增感剂,作者合成了另     

含苯并三嗪酮的1,4-戊二烯-3-酮衍生物的合成及抑菌活性

为了得到生物活性较好的姜黄素衍生物,通过1-苯基-5-取代基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮和3-氯甲基苯并三嗪酮反应,合成了14个含苯并三嗪酮的1,4-戊二烯-3-酮衍生物;采用核磁共振波谱(NMR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)对化合物的结构进行了表征.初步的生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物显示出较好的抑菌活性,在100μg/mL剂量下,化合物6b,6j和6l对柑橘溃疡病菌(Xac)的抑制率分别为68.8%,71.0%和100%;化合物6a,6d,6h和6i对烟草青枯病菌(R.solanacearum)的抑制率分别为51.8%,53.0%,50.7%和76.9%.此外,化合物6l和6i对柑橘溃疡病菌和烟草青枯病菌的半最大效应浓度(EC50)值分别为27.44和48.77μg/mL,优于对照药剂噻菌铜(51.35和87.26μg/mL),有望成为柑橘溃疡病菌和烟草青枯病菌的抑制剂.     

1,5-二取代吡唑基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

设计合成了13个未见文献报道的1,5-二取代吡唑基-1,4-戊二烯-3-酮类化合物, 其结构经元素分析, 1H NMR, IR确证. 初步生物活性测试结果表明, 部分化合物有一定的抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性, 所有化合物抑菌活性较低.     

含香豆素结构的1,4-戊二烯-3-酮类衍生物的合成及生物活性

为了开发新型抗肿瘤药物候选分子,将香豆素单元有机融入1,4-戊二烯-3-酮分子骨架中,设计合成了16个结构新颖的单羰基姜黄素衍生物.在确证目标分子结构后,采用甲基四氮唑盐(MTT)比色法测试了其对胃癌SGC7901细胞和肝癌HepG2细胞体外增殖的抑制活性.生物活性测试结果表明,绝大多数目标分子均能显著抑制SGC7901和HepG2细胞的体外增殖.其中,化合物4c和4j对SGC7901细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为0.22和0.27μmol/L,其活性显著优于对照药剂表柔比星(1.23μmol/L).同时,化合物4l对HepG2细胞的IC50值(0.47μmol/L)也显著优于表柔比星(2.30μmol/L).细胞形态学研究结果进一步证实,含香豆素结构1,4-戊二烯-3-酮衍生物能显著抑制多种肿瘤细胞的体外增殖,可作为高效抗肿瘤药物候选分子进行深度开发.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.