Effect of the geometry on the non-linear vibration of circular cylindrical shells

The non-linear vibration of simply supported, circular cylindrical shells is analysed. Geometric non-linearities due to finite-amplitude shell motion are considered by using Donnell's non-linear shallow-shell theory; the effect of viscous structural damping is taken into account. A discretization method based on a series expansion of an unlimited number of linear modes, including axisymmetric and asymmetric modes, following the Galerkin procedure, is developed. Both driven and companion modes are included, allowing for travelling-wave response of the shell. Axisymmetric modes are included because they are essential in simulating the inward mean deflection of the oscillation with respect to the equilibrium position. The fundamental role of the axisymmetric modes is confirmed and the role of higher order asymmetric modes is clarified in order to obtain the correct character of the circular cylindrical shell non-linearity. The effect of the geometric shell characteristics, i.e., radius, length and thickness, on the non-linear behaviour is analysed: very short or thick shells display a hardening non-linearity; conversely, a softening type non-linearity is found in a wide range of shell geometries.     

剪力滞效应对箱形梁挠度影响的研究

从剪力滞翘曲应力的轴向平衡条件出发,选取双室箱梁的合理翘曲位移函数,引入相应于剪力滞翘曲变形的惯性矩和惯性积等几何特性,用能量变分法建立薄壁箱梁剪力滞效应分析的控制微分方程。通过求解控制微分方程,导出集中荷载和均布荷载作用下简支箱梁和悬臂箱梁的挠度公式及有限梁段单元刚度矩阵,模型试验和ANSYS壳单元计算结果证实了其正确性。结合简支、悬臂和连续箱梁数值算例,具体分析剪力滞效应对箱梁挠度的提高程度。结果表明,无论在集中荷载还是均布荷载作用下,剪力滞效应对简支箱梁的挠度均有显著提高。在集中荷载作用下,剪力滞效应对连续箱梁挠度的提高可达14%;对于跨宽比约为4.0～6.0的简支箱梁,可将按初等梁计算的跨中挠度乘以提高系数1.05～1.11;计算悬臂箱梁的挠度时,一般可以忽略剪力滞效应的影响。     

Dynamic Stability Problems of Anisotropic Cylindrical Shells via a Simplified Analysis

An analytical–numerical method involving a small number of generalized coordinates is presented for the analysis of the nonlinear vibration and dynamic stability behaviour of imperfect anisotropic cylindrical shells. Donnell-type governing equations are used and classical lamination theory is employed. The assumed deflection modes approximately satisfy simply supported boundary conditions. The axisymmetric mode satisfying a relevant coupling condition with the linear, asymmetric mode is included in the assumed deflection function. The shell is statically loaded by axial compression, radial pressure and torsion. A two-mode imperfection model, consisting of an axisymmetric and an asymmetric mode, is used. The static-state response is assumed to be affine to the given imperfection. In order to find approximate solutions for the dynamic-state equations, Hamiltons principle is applied to derive a set of modal amplitude equations. The dynamic response is obtained via numerical time-integration of the set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The nonlinear behaviour under axial parametric excitation and the dynamic buckling under axial step loading of specific imperfect isotropic and anisotropic shells are simulated using this approach. Characteristic results are discussed. The softening behaviour of shells under parametric excitation and the decrease of the buckling load under step loading, as compared with the static case, are illustrated.     

Low-Dimensional Galerkin Models for Nonlinear Vibration and Instability Analysis of Cylindrical Shells

This paper discusses the derivation of discrete low-dimensional models for the non-linear vibration analysis of thin shells. In order to understand the peculiarities inherent to this class of structural problems, the non-linear vibrations and dynamic stability of a circular cylindrical shell subjected to dynamic axial loads are analyzed. This choice is based on the fact that cylindrical shells exhibit a highly non-linear behavior under both static and dynamic axial loads. Geometric non-linearities due to finite-amplitude shell motions are considered by using Donnell’s nonlinear shallow shell theory. A perturbation procedure, validated in previous studies, is used to derive a general expression for the non-linear vibration modes and the discretized equations of motion are obtained by the Galerkin method. The responses of several low-dimensional models are compared. These are used to study the influence of the modelling on the convergence of critical loads, bifurcation diagrams, attractors and large amplitude responses of the shell. It is shown that rather low-dimensional and properly selected models can describe with good accuracy the response of the shell up to very large vibration amplitudes.     

考虑几何与压电非线性行为压电层合轴对称圆板的精确解

研究可移简支及夹支边界条件下,轴对称压电层合圆板在强电场和机械荷载联合作用下的非线性变形.考虑电致伸缩的非线性压电效应及几何非线性的影响,导出轴对称压电层合圆板的控制方程.通过调整坐标轴的位置对控制方程进行简化,得到关于挠度和径向力的4阶非线性控制方程.再通过简单的积分并引入无量刚变量将控制方程等价地化为2阶非线性耦合微分方程组.利用幂级数法得到可移简支及夹支边界条件下强电场和均布荷载共同作用时的挠度、径向力及径向位移的幂级数精确解.通过对双、单压电晶片执行器的数值计算及分析,得到电场、外载对于位移、径向力的影响关系.     

VIBRATIONS OF CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS WITH NONUNIFORM CONSTRAINTS,ELASTIC BED AND ADDED MASS; PART I: EMPTY AND FLUID-FILLED SHELLS

Circular cylindrical shells with non uniform edge constraints (with zero radial and circumferential displacement) are investigated, including riveted shells. The linear modes of simply supported shells vibrating in vacuo are used as admissible functions, and the solution is obtained with the artificial spring method. The Flügge theory of shells is used and in-plane inertia is retained. Any shell constraint other than simple supports can be studied with the proposed method. Complicating effects due to the contained inviscid fluid, elastic bed of partial axial and angular dimensions, intermediate constraints and added mass are considered. The convergence of the method is numerically investigated and the effect of the number of rivets (clamped arcs) on shell modes is studied.     

Deformations and stability of spherical caps under centrally distributed pressures

In this paper the deformations and stability in large axisymmetric deflection of spherical caps under centrally distributed pressures are investigated. The Newton- spline method for solving the nonlinear equations governing large axisymmetric deflection of spherical caps is presented. The buckling behavior is studied for a cap with fixed geometry when the size of the loaded radius is allowed to vary, and for a fixed loaded radius when the shell geometry is allowed to vary. The influence of the buckling modes on the critical loads is analysed. Numerical results are given for =0.3.Project Supported by National Science Foundation of China.     

Elastic instability of a uniformly compressed annular plate with axisymmetric initial deflection

This paper presents a theoretical study of the elastic instability of a uniformly compressed, thin, circular annular plate with axisymmetric initial deflection. The dynamic version of the nonlinear Marguerre plate theory is used, and the linear free vibration problems around the axisymmetric finite deformation of the plate are solved by a finite difference method. By examining the frequency spectrum with various asymmetric modes, the critical compressive load under which the axisymmetric additional deformation of the plate becomes unstable due to the bifurcation buckling is determined, which is found to depend severely on the magnitude of the axisymmetric initial deflection.     

Axisymmetric static and dynamics snap-through phenomena in a thermally postbuckled temperature-dependent FGM circular plate

Thermal postbuckling analysis and the axisymmetric static and dynamic snap-through phenomena due to static/sudden uniform lateral pressure in a thermally postbuckled functionally graded material circular plate are performed in this research. Plate is formulated using the first order shear deformation plate theory. Thermo-mechanical properties of the plate are assumed to be temperature dependent where dependency is described according to the higher order Touloukian representation. Two types of temperature loading are considered. Uniform temperature rise and heat conduction across the thickness direction. The one dimensional heat conduction equation in the thickness direction is obtained and discreted via the central finite difference method. The obtained system of equations is nonlinear since the thermal conductivity itself is a function of the unknown nodal temperatures. Using the von-Kármán assumptions, the governing equations of the plate are obtained in a matrix representation with the aid of the conventional Ritz method whose shape functions are developed using the Gram-Schmidt process. At first thermal postbuckling analysis is performed which is a nonlinear problem with respect to both temperature and displacements. Afterwards, response of the bulged thermally postbuckled plate is obtained under the static and dynamic uniform pressure. Snap-through phenomenon may be observed in both static and dynamic loading cases, due to the immovability of the edge of the plate and the initial deflection caused by postbuckling deflection. To capture the snapping phenomenon and trace the path beyond the limit loads, cylindrical arch-length technique is used. In dynamic snap-through analysis, the effect of structural damping is also included. Numerical results of this study reveal that the structure is sensitive to the initial deflection caused by thermal postbuckling load. Increasing the temperature prior to mechanical loads enhances the snap-through intensity and also increases both the upper and lower limit loads. As shown, dynamic snap-through loads are lower than the static ones, however dynamic snap-through intensity is more than the static snap-though intensity. Furthermore, structural damping enhances the dynamic buckling loads of the plate and decreases the dynamic postbuckling deflection of the plate.     

粘弹性Timoshenko梁的变分原理和静动力学行为分析

从线性，各向同性，均匀粘弹性材料的Boltzmann本构定律出发，通过Laplace变换及其反变换，由三维积分型本构关系给出了Timoshenko梁的本构关系，并由此建立了小挠度情况下粘弹性Timoshenko梁的静动力学行为分析的数学模型，一个积分－偏微分方程组的初边值问题。同时，采用卷积，建立了相应的简化Gurtin型变分原理。给出了两个算例，考查了梁的厚度h与梁的长度l之比β对梁的力学行为的影响。     

Experimental analysis of pre-compressed circular cylindrical shell under axial harmonic load

In this paper the nonlinear dynamics of circular cylindrical shells under axial static (compressive) and periodic resonant loads have been experimentally investigated, the goal is to study the dynamic scenario and to analyze nonlinear regimes. A special test rig has been developed for the experiment in order to apply a static axial load combined with a dynamic axial load. The setup allows for investigating the linear behavior under static preload by means of the usual modal testing techniques; moreover, it allows for analyzing the nonlinear response which occurs when the dynamic axial load is periodic and gives rise to complex resonances. The complex dynamics, arising when a periodic axial load excites the asymmetric (shell like) modes, are analyzed by means of amplitude frequency diagrams, waterfall spectrum diagrams, bifurcation diagrams of Poincaré maps; a deep analysis of time histories, spectra, phase portraits and Poincaré maps completes the study of the complex dynamic scenario.     

考虑弯扭形变的薄壁箱形梁的非线性后屈曲

在大位移和扭转的前提下,通过一中等弯曲扭转的位移场描述了薄壁箱形梁在偏心载荷作用下的静稳定性问题.该非线性公式可用于分析简支薄壁箱形梁在不同载荷作用下的屈曲和后屈曲行为.采用伽辽金方法将非线性微分系统离散,并通过牛顿-拉普森增量迭代法求解得代数方程组.数值计算结果表明,当前屈曲位移不可忽略时,经典的横向屈曲预测是保守的...     

On axisymmetric/diamond-like mode transitions in axially compressed core–shell cylinders

Recent interests in curvature- and stress-induced pattern formation and pattern selection motivate the present study. Surface morphological wrinkling of a cylindrical shell supported by a soft core subjected to axial compression is investigated based on a nonlinear 3D finite element model. The post-buckling behavior of core–shell cylinders beyond the first bifurcation often leads to complicated responses with surface mode transitions. The proposed finite element framework allows predicting and tracing these bifurcation portraits from a quantitative standpoint. The occurrence and evolution of 3D instability modes including sinusoidally deformed axisymmetric patterns and non-axisymmetric diamond-like modes will be highlighted according to critical dimensionless parameters. Besides, the phase diagram obtained from dimensional analyses and numerical results could be used to guide the design of core–shell cylindrical systems to achieve the desired instability patterns.     

Chaotic Vibrations of a Cylindrical Shell-Panel with an In-Plane Elastic-Support at Boundary

This paper presents numerical results on chaotic vibrations of a shallow cylindrical shell-panel under harmonic lateral excitation. The shell, with a rectangular boundary, is simply supported for deflection and the shell is constrained elastically in an in-plane direction. Using the Donnell--Mushtari--Vlasov equation, modified with an inertia force, the basic equation is reduced to a nonlinear differential equation of a multiple-degree-of-freedom system by the Galerkin procedure. To estimate regions of the chaos, first, nonlinear responses of steady state vibration are calculated by the harmonic balance method. Next, time progresses of the chaotic response are obtained numerically by the Runge--Kutta--Gill method. The chaos accompanied with a dynamic snap-through of the shell is identified both by the Lyapunov exponent and the Poincaré projection onto the phase space. The Lyapunov dimension is carefully examined by increasing the assumed modes of vibration. The effects of the in-plane elastic constraint on the chaos of the shell are discussed.     

Numerical Analysis of Axisymmetric Buckling of a Conical Shell under Radial Compression

The nonlinear boundary-value problem of the axisymmetric buckling of a simply supported conical shell (dome) under a radial compressive load applied to the supported edge is formulated for a system of six first-order ordinary differential equations for independent fields of finite displacements and rotations. Multivalued solutions are obtained using the shooting method with specified accuracy. For various values of the loading parameter, bifurcation of the solutions of the problem is studied and a parametric branching diagram is constructed. The buckling modes are obtained for three branches of the solution. Curves of the buckling modes corresponding to three isolated branches of the solution are given.     

钢筋混凝土轴对称球扁壳基于双剪屈服准则的极限分析

导出了基于双剪屈服准则的钢筋混凝土球扁壳的屈服条件，并利用此屈服条件求解出其极限荷载。     

Effect of damping on dynamic behavior of a piezothermoelastic laminate considering the effects of transverse shear

In this paper, we analyze dynamic behavior of a piezothermoelastic laminate considering the effect of damping due to interlaminar shear and the effect of transverse shear. The analytical model is a rectangular laminate composed of fiber-reinforced laminae and piezoelectric layers. The model is assumed to be a symmetric cross-ply laminate with all egdes simply supported and to be subjected to mechanical, thermal and electrical loads varying arbitrarily with time. Behavior of the laminate is analyzed based on the first-order shear deformation theory. The effect of damping due to interlaminar shear is incorporated into our analysis by introducing the interlaminar shear stresses which satisfy the Newton’s law of viscosity. Solutions of the following quantities are obtained: (1) natural frequencies of the laminate, (2) weight functions for the deflection and rotations and (3) unsteady deflection due to loads varying arbitrarily with time. Moreover, numerical examples of the solutions are shown to examine the effects of damping and transverse shear on dynamic behavior of the laminate and how the voltage applied to the laminate decreases the deflection due to mechanical or thermal loads.     

Nonlinear stability of advanced sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material and carbon nanotube reinforced composite layers under elevated temperature

The nonlinear stability of sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material(FGM) and carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)layers subjected to uniform temperature rise is investigated. Two sandwich models corresponding to CNTRC and FGM face sheets are proposed. Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) in the CNTRC layer are embedded into a matrix according to functionally graded distributions. The effects of porosity in the FGM and the temperature dependence of properties of all constituent materials are considered. The effective properties of the porous FGM and CNTRC are determined by using the modified and extended versions of a linear mixture rule, respectively. The basic equations governing the stability problem of thin sandwich cylindrical shells are established within the framework of the Donnell shell theory including the von K'arm'an-Donnell nonlinearity. These equations are solved by using the multi-term analytical solutions and the Galerkin method for simply supported shells.The critical buckling temperatures and postbuckling paths are determined through an iteration procedure. The study reveals that the sandwich shell model with a CNTRC core layer and relatively thin porous FGM face sheets can have the best capacity of thermal load carrying. In addition, unlike the cases of mechanical loads, porosities have beneficial effects on the nonlinear stability of sandwich shells under the thermal load. It is suggested that an appropriate combination of advantages of FGM and CNTRC can result in optimal efficiency for advanced sandwich structures.     

Analysis for the thermoelastic bending of a functionally graded material cylindrical shell

An analytic study for thermoelastic bending of a functionally graded material (FGM) cylindrical shell subjected to a uniform transverse mechanical load and non-uniform thermal loads is presented. Based on the classical linear shell theory, the equations with the radial deflection and horizontal displacement are derived out. An arbitrary material property of the FGM cylindrical shell is assumed to vary through the thickness of the cylindrical shell, and exact solution of the problem is obtained by using an analytic method. For the FGM cylindrical shell with fixed and simply supported boundary conditions, the effects of mechanical load, thermal load and the power law exponent on the deformation of the FGM cylindrical shell are analyzed and discussed.     

饱和多孔弹性Timoshenko梁的大挠度分析

基于微观不可压饱和多孔介质理论和弹性梁的大挠度变形假设,考虑梁剪切变形效应,在梁轴线不可伸长和孔隙流体仅沿轴向扩散的限定下,建立了饱和多孔弹性Timoshenko梁大挠度弯曲变形的非线性数学模型.在此基础上,利用Galerkin截断法,研究了两端可渗透简支饱和多孔Timoshenko梁在突加均布横向载荷作用下的拟静态弯曲,给出了饱和多孔 Timoshenko梁弯曲变形时固相挠度、弯矩和孔隙流体压力等效力偶等随时间的响应.比较了饱和多孔Timoshenko梁非线性大挠度和线性小挠度理论以及饱和多孔 Euler-Bernoulli梁非线性大挠度理论的结果,揭示了他们间的差异,指出当无量纲载荷参数q>l0时,应采用饱和多孔Timoshenko梁或Euler-Bernoulli梁的大挠度数学模型进行分析,特别的,当梁长细比λ<30时,应采用饱和多孔Timoshenko梁大挠度数学模型进行分析.