环-Phe-His二肽水溶液的激光光解

报导了利用纳秒级激光光解瞬态吸收光谱技术研究环苯丙氨酰组氨酰水溶液光解和光敏化作用过程。发现了该环肽在２４８ｎｍ激光的激励下产生光电离和光解离,光电离和光解离过程发生在苯丙氨酸残基上,生成具有３２０ｎｍ和４１０ｎｍ特征吸收的自由基,光解离发生具有３２０ｎｍ特征吸收的苄基自由基。而具有亲电子性的丙酮能在该环肽的苯丙氨酸残基的苯环上抽取电子,形成３２０ｎｍ和４１０ｎｍ的特征吸收峰,求出了自由基的有关动     

褪黑激素的瞬态产物及其性质

利用纳秒级激光光解瞬态吸收光谱装置, 研究了褪黑激素(melatonin, ML)的光物理和光化学性质. 在266 nm激光的作用下, ML可被激发产生激发三重态(³ ML*), 又可光电离生成水合电子和阳离子自由基(ML^·+); 并对SO^·-₄, 核黄素(riboflavin, RF)激发三重态与ML间的电荷转移反应进行了研究, 测得了反应速率常数分别为8.0×10⁹和1.4×10⁹ L·mol^-1·s^-1; 同时还研究了ML清除ABTS阳离子自由基(ABTS·+)的能力, 并与其它抗氧化剂进行了比较.     

DNA碱基激光光解的新颖瞬态产物

本文报道了利用纳秒级激光光解瞬态吸收光谱技术研究DNA碱基光解和光敏作用的结果:发现了胸腺嘧啶的一个新激发三重态和胸腺嘧啶羟基加合物自由基的生成;首次观察到胞嘧啶及其衍生物胞嘧啶核苷、脱氧胞嘧啶核苷酸的激发三重态光吸收谱;确证了鸟嘌呤核苷的激发三重态,其pK_a值为8.7;并研究了上述瞬态产物的动态演变过程,总结了其反应机理。     

富勒烯瞬态粒子的脉冲辐解和激光光解研究

C_60和C_7激发三重态产生于激光的直接激发,或经由溶剂激发分子向C_60和C_70的能量转移.C_60阳离子自由基既产生于CCl_4阳离子自由基向C_6.的空穴转移,又产生于C_60激发三重态向CCl_4的电子转移.C_60和C_70经由2种不同机理与三氯甲基或二氯甲基自由基生成加成自由基     

1,2-和1,4-萘醌248 nm激光光解的瞬态吸收光谱研究

利用纳秒级激光光解动态吸收光谱装置,研究了1,2-和1,4-萘醌中性水溶液的瞬态吸收光谱.发现1,2-萘醌及1,4-萘醌被光电离后形成的阳离子自由基在380nm均有最大吸收,但1,4-萘醌阳离子自由基在衰变过程中又形成了两种新的活性粒子,它们的最大吸收分别位于410和580nm,分析表明:410nm属于1,4-萘醌脱氢自由基的吸收,而580nm很可能归属由于电子转移而形成的瞬态产物.进一步研究发现,1,2-萘醌在中性水溶液中能被248nm激光单光子电离.     

没食子酸正己酯的合成

以没食子酸,正己醇为原料,甲苯为带水剂,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,合成了没食子酸正己酯。最佳的酯化反应条件为:没食子酸100 mmol,n(没食子酸)∶n(正己醇)=1.0∶4.5,对甲苯磺酸1.0 g,反应温度110℃~120℃,反应时间6 h,酯化率76.9%。     

2-蒽醌磺酸三重态与高聚鸟嘌呤核苷酸相互作用的激光光解

利用248 nm(KrF)激光光解技术研究了乙腈-水(97︰3)溶液中2-蒽醌磺酸激发三重态电子转移光氧化高聚鸟嘌呤核苷酸的原初过程.直接检测了上述电子转移氧化反应生成的阴阳离子自由基对的瞬态吸收光谱,分别获取了各自的表观反应速率常数,协同反应的自由能变化,阐明了电子转移反应的三重态机理.     

激光双光子电离方法对水溶液表面的蒽及其衍生物的测定

激光双光子电离方法用水溶液表面的蒽及其衍生物分子的检测，Ｎｄ－ＹＡＧ激光的第三谐波３５５ｍ用作激发和电离。光电离电荷数在－３个数量级内随浓度呈线性关系。     

核黄素(维生素B2)的光物理和光化学性质

应用时间分辨的激光光解吸收技术, 详细研究了核黄素(维生素B2)的光物理和光化学性质. 在337 nm激光作用下, 可产生激发三重态(3RF*); 而在248 nm激光作用下, 既可产生激发三重态, 又可光电离生成水合电子和阳离子自由基(). 探索了激发三重态的各种反应性(能量转移、 氧化还原和抽氢反应等)及其潜在的意义, 并用自由基氧化核黄素产生阳离子自由基, 进一步验证了光解结果.     

亚硝酸甲酯分子在440nm附近的激光光解

近年来亚硝酸甲酯分子（CHa0NO）的光解动力学研究十分活跃｛‘5］，主要集中在紫外激光的单光子解离的机理，光解过程的矢量相关性质和光解产物的态分布．CH30NO分子的解离能D。（CH30－NO）＝174kJ·mol‘，若单从能量上看，人＜689。的光就能使其解离，但人＞400urn的光解离研究还未见报导．＊H30＊0分子在人＞40onm的强激光场下是充电离还是先解离，是单光子解离还是多光子解离，以及通过哪个电子态解离都不清楚．时间飞行质谱不仅具有质量分辨率高、范围宽，而且响应快，因此适合做光解光电离过程初生态产物的探测．特别是时间飞…     

C60-地塞米松的激光激发

利用激光光解装置检测了C60-地塞米松(C60-DE)的苯溶液在355 nm激光照射下产生的激发三重态, 3C60-DE*出现四个吸收峰, 分别位于700、440、350 和310 nm. 在330 nm处观察到了它的漂白吸收最大值, 这与其基态吸收最大值相对应. 3C60-DE*能够将能量转移给O2分子而淬灭. 与3C60*相比, 3C60-DE*的三重态鄄三重态(T-T)淬灭速率常数减小(3C60*为(5.03±1.31)×109 L·mol-1·s-1, 3C60-DE*为(3.53±0.87)×109 L·mol-1·s-1), 而寿命增加了(3C60*为(12.0±2.6) μs, 3C60-DE*为(18.0±3.3) μs), 这可能是C60分子上连接了地塞米松分子后减小了C60球之间碰撞的几率所致.     

喹喔啉衍生物与缺电子烯烃的激光闪光光解研究

利用时间分辨激光诱导瞬态吸收光谱装置,以一台Nd：YAG激光器四倍频后的266nm激光作为激发光源,详细研究了两种喹喔啉衍生物激发三重态在乙腈体系中的动力学过程,得到激光脉冲作用后不同时间的瞬态吸收光谱及激发三重态自猝灭反应动力学常数．并以五种缺电子烯烃作为猝灭剂,得到了基态缺电子烯烃对喹喔啉衍生物激发三重态的猝灭反应动力学常数,阐明了猝灭反应机理．     

二氟沙星激发态氧化损伤氨基酸和脱氧鸟苷酸的激光光解研究

The reactions of triplet-state difloxacin (DFX) with various amino acids and deoxyguanylic acid in aqueous media were studied using laser flash photolysis. Tryptophan, tyrosine, cysteine, and 2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-monophosphate (dGMP) were found to completely quench the triplet state of DFX in aqueous solution, the corresponding second-order rate constants being 1.97×10⁸, 1.48×10⁸, 1.72×10⁸, and 6.92×10⁷ dm³·mol^－1·s^－1. The quenching mechanism involves electron transfer to the photoexcited triplet state of DFX from the tryptophan, tyrosine, cysteine, and dGMP moieties, followed by fast protonation of the resulting DFX anion radical.     

Studies on the Photodynamic Mechanism of Tetrapyrrole Compounds by Laser Flash Photolysis

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising new treatment technique which can potentially destroy unwanted and malignant tissues, such as those of cancer. The photodynamic mechanisms of three tetrapyrrole compounds: Mg‐purpurin‐18, tetra(meso‐chlorophenyl)porphyrin (m‐TCPP) and 2,7,12,18‐tetramethyl‐3,8‐di[(1‐isobutoxyl)‐ ethyl]‐13,17‐bis[3‐di(2‐chloroethyl)aminopropyl]porphyrin (TDBP) in acetonitrile were investigated by 355 nm laser flash photolysis. It was found that after laser flash photolysis (LFP), the excited states of TDBP and Mg‐purpurin‐18 could react with O₂ and ¹O₂ was produced, which proved that TDBP and Mg‐purpurin‐18 took effects through type II mechanism in PDT. This suggested that TDBP and Mg‐purpurin‐18 should be suitable for target tissues containing enough O₂. Mg‐purpurin‐18 has two extra absorptions at 550 and 700 nm, which means it has broad choices of laser wavelength in PDT. It was also found that m‐TCPP could be photoionized when excited with 355 nm laser under N₂‐saturated condition. It could also react with O₂ to produce reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and the peroxide anions, but not ¹O₂. These were known as the Type I mechanism. So m‐TCPP could be used even at low oxygen concentration or more polar environments with good behavior in PDT. From the above studies on the three different tetrapyrrole compounds it could be concluded that the structure of porphin ring takes a main role in PDT. And there was important impact on the photodynamic mechanism for the functional group directly connecting with porphin ring, while little influence for the functional group indirectly connecting with porphin ring. These will be of great value in the discovery of new PDT drugs.     

CS2与亚硝酸水溶液复相体系的激光闪光光解

利用激光光解-瞬态吸收技术研究了氮气饱和条件下CS2与亚硝酸水溶液复相体系的355nm光解机理.瞬态吸收光谱分析结果表明:CS2与·OH自由基快反应生成CS2OH,产生的CS2OH继续与HONO反应生成CS2OH-HONO加合物,其吸收峰分别为285,305,475,490和980nm,反应CS2OH+HONOCS2OH-HONO的二级速率常数为(2.79±0.05)×108L/(mol·s);230nm处的吸收峰归属为CS2NO+,其一级衰减速率常数为1.28×105s-1.     

Transient species and its properties of melatonin

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated dur- ing radiation, respiratory burst, normal metabolic processes and so on. There are enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dis- mutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), vi- tamin E (VE) and carotenoids that can either inhibit or repair the ROS-induced damage. ROS is essential to maintain physiological homeostasis. However, exces- sive ROS give rise to oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA which related t…     

A Laser Flash Photolysis Study on Fenofibric Acid

Fenofibric acid (FA) is a photosensitizing drug used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. This compound follows two different photodegradation pathways: the free acid exhibits the typical benzophenone photoreactivity, while its sodium salt undergoes photodecarboxylation via a triplet biradical, that undergoes intramolecular electron transfer to form a carbanion, or cyclization to give an intramolecular light-absorbing transient (LAT). The obtained photoproducts are explained as the result of pro-tonation of the carbanion, ring opening of the LAT with rearrangement or oxygen trapping of any of the triplet intermediates. The above mechanism is supported by direct detection of the triplet state of FA and two long-lived intermediates in laser flash photolysis experiments. The triplet lifetime of the carboxylate form in methanol is 0.06 μ.s; by contrast, in the case of the free acid, it is 10 times longer. The benzophenone moiety is clearly the key chromophore involved in the photobehavior of FA.     

芘四磺酸钠水溶液激光闪光光解机理

采用激光闪光光解-瞬态吸收光谱技术研究了355nm激光作用下芘四磺酸钠(PyTS)水溶液的光化学反应机理及其产生水合电子的动力学行为.研究首次发现PyTS水溶液激发单线态(PyTS1*)在260nm、激发三线态(PyTS3*)在300nm及阴离子自由基(PyTS-?)在330nm处的特征吸收峰;分析了生成的水合电子(e-aq)的主要反应途径包括自猝灭反应及与PyTS的反应,得到水合电子与PyTS反应的准一级速率常数为2.7′105s-1;并计算得到在此实验条件下,PyTS水溶液经双光子吸收产生的水合电子量子产率为3.2′10-2.     

CCl4的光解微观机制研究

利用激光光解瞬态吸收光谱技术,研究有氧和无氧条件下CCl4的激光光解.结果表明,在248 nm激光作用下, CCl4发生了单光子吸收,反应生成{CCl4－Cl}σ电荷转移复合物、(CCl3＋…Cl－)离子对、CCl3O2过氧自由基等瞬态物种,它们的衰减过程是表观一级反应. {CCl4－Cl}σ电荷转移复合物在有氧/无氧条件下的拟合衰减速率常数分别是3.38×106 s－1和3.65×106 s－1,它的形成不受氧气含量影响. (CCl3＋…Cl－)离子对在有氧/无氧条件下的拟合衰减速率分别为3.73×107 s－1和3.02×107 s－1,它的形成也不受氧气含量影响, CCl3O2过氧自由基需在有氧条件下形成,拟合衰减速率是2.32×104 s－1.