用e+e－→h′s反应中类双喷注事例研究部分子末态的色联接

借助JETSET事例产生器对e⁺e^－→h′s反应中的类双喷注事例进行研究.研究发现,在QCD微扰与非微扰的界面上,部分子系统的色中性流和色分离单态两种不同色联接方式导致了强子末态某些可观测量的显著差别.因此,它们可以用于判别部分子的色联接方式.     

部分子末态的色分离联接对e+e－反应中强子产额及其动量谱的影响

用JETSET事例产生器对e⁺e^－→qq+ng→hadrons反应中,末态部分子(qq+ng)以色分离的联接方式进行强子化时,各种强子产额及π⁺,K^±,p/p的动量谱进行了计算;与传统的色中性流联接方式强子化结果进行比较.结果表明:由T权重确定的色分离单态和色中性流这两种完全不同的色联接方式强子化得到的强子产额及π⁺,K^±,p/p的动量谱,与实验符合的程度相同,有些更好.     

对Z0三喷注事例中色联接敏感可观测量的研究

将末态部分子的色分离联接引入JETSET事例产生器,通过用喷注的DURHAM判据y_cut及用喷注夹角限制事例形状,对Z⁰衰变进行三喷注事例挑选,发现可以得到对色联接敏感的三喷注事例.对于这类事例,末态强子的平均带电多重数及胶子喷注中的一系列可观测量对色联接的敏感性随y_cut值的减小而增大;在小y_cut值时,色中性流和色分离两种联接导致了显著差别.使通过实验测量鉴别部分子的色联接成为可能.     

e+e－湮没过程的重子产生

本文指出(3/2)⁺与(1/2)⁺重子相对权重的改变对末态长寿命重子产额没有影响,而对(3/2)⁺重子产额改变显著.分析e⁺e^－实验资料发现对(3/2)⁺重子很强的抑制参数为0.3,由此得到的末态重子产额及产额比才能与实验符合.     

Υ三胶子碎裂粒子产率的普适质量关系

发现Υ→3g三胶子碎裂的末态强子多重数满足与e⁺e^－→q₀q₀事例相同的普适质量关系,表明胶子、夸克碎裂成强子时有相同的规律性.不需引入任何其它假定,就自然解释了Υ→3g三胶子碎裂末态重子多重数增高的重要特征.     

重夸克与轻夸克强子事例多重数差别

利用色偶极子模型计算了e⁺e^—→h′s轻夸克与重夸克强子事例多重数差别,结果与实验在误差范围内一致.并与微扰QCD模型及朴素模型的结果作了比较.     

e+e－湮没中的胶子碎裂

本文假定e⁺e^－湮没时产生的胶子的强子化,胶子首先劈裂成一对等效的夸克、反夸克对.夸克之间的色相互作用,碎裂成末态强子.由此计算的e⁺e^－→3jet事例中的带电粒子多重数,胶子与夸克jet中多重数比率,以及e⁺e^－三胶子事例中的重子比率,都与实验结果一致.解释了e⁺e^－→3jet末态粒子的角分布.     

高能反应末态强子产率的普适质量关系

最近实验上发现高能粒子反应末态强子多重数与其质量之间满足简单普适经验公式.计算了e⁺e^－湮没与pp(p)反应过程的直生介子与重子多重数,与经验公式中的参数完全一致.对经验公式中与反应能量有关的参数给出合理解释,并讨论了质量普适关系的原因.     

高能e+e－湮没三喷注事例的角度不对称性

利用部分子色相互作用形成色单态独立碎裂成末态强子的物理图像,系统计算了LEP能区e⁺e^－、q₀q₀ g→3jets事例带电粒子多重数,表明与事例拓扑结构有强烈的依赖性,计算结果与实验基本一致.     

在e+e－湮没中粲重子介子比

根据e⁺e^－湮没中夸克产生规律和夸克组合规律,本文计算了e⁺e^－湮没中粲重子与粲介子的比值.我们得到的粲重子介子比同能量s有关,并且同实验相符.     

Ratio of Baryon to Meson and Baryon Antibaryon Correlation in e+e－ Annihilation under Two Kinds of Color Connections

The ratio of final baryon to meson and baryon antibaryon correlation in e⁺e^－ annihilation are considered as sensitive observables to test the hadronizition models,because among the results obtainted in different popular hadronizition models,only those from JETSET event generator can fit experimental data by adjusting extra ad hoc parameters. We replace the color neutral flow connection,which is the results in large N_c limit and is used in JETSET,with the color separate connection,which is allowed by PQCD,and calculate these observables. We compare the obtained results with those from the standard JETSET7.4 code and the available experimental data. We find that the results and the relevant properties are consistent with data. This shows that the consistency of the data with the results from the standard JETSET7.4 code for these properties does not mean that the traditional color neutral flow is the only color connection selected by NPQCD. The 100% color separate connection is also possible.     

Study of Colour Connections via Two-Jet Like Events in e+e－ Annihilation

We study the different properties of the two jet like events in e⁺e^－→Z⁰→hadrons under different color connections with the aid of the event generator JETSET. We find that the two kinds of colour connections at the interface of perturbative and nonperturbative QCD, i.e., colour neutral flow and colour separate singlet, lead to significant differences for some observables in the final states. Therefore, the measurements of these observables can be used to distinguish these two kinds of colour connections.     

Hadron Multiplicities and Its Momentum Spectra from Color Separate Connection among Final Partons in e+e－ Annihilation Events

We calculate the hadron multiplicities and the momentum spectra of π^±,K^±,p/p in e⁺e^－→q+ng→hadrons for the case where the color separate singlet connections occur among the final partons q+ng with the help of JETSET event generator. We compare the results with those obtainted from the traditional color flow models and the available experimental data. The comparisons show that the momentum spectra obtained in the case of C-weight have a singnificant deviation from the data.,whereas those obtained in the case of T-weight are consistant with the data. The results from the case of T-weight are also consistant with those from the color flow model in most cases,and for proton, are even better than the later as implemented in default JETSET compared with the data.     

Sensitive Observables for Color Connections in Three-Jet Events at Z0 Pole

By substituting the color separate singlet connections for the color neutral flow connections into JETSET7.4, we select the three-jet events according to DURHAM algorithm in e⁺e^－ annihilation at Z⁰ pole. We find that the ratio of the special three-jet events defined by constraining the angles between different jets is sensitive to different kinds of color connections. For these special events, different connections lead to significant differences for the charged particle multiplicity of events and properties of the gluon jet. The differences become larger as y_cut getting smaller. By taking appropriate y_cut, as 0.0005 in this paper, the differences between these two kinds of color connections should be discriminated by experiments.     

Leading particle production in light flavour jets

The energy distribution and type of the particle with the highest momentum in quark jets are determined for each of the five quark flavours making only minimal model assumptions. The analysis is based on a large statistics sample of hadronic decays collected with the OPAL detector at the LEP collider. These results provide a basis for future studies of light flavour production at other centre-of-mass energies. We use our results to study the hadronisation mechanism in light flavour jets and compare the data to the QCD models JETSET and HERWIG. Within the JETSET model we also directly determine the suppression of strange quarks to be by comparing the production of charged and neutral kaons in strange and non-strange light quark events. Finally we study the features of baryon production. Received: 19 November 1999 / Published online: 8 May 2000     

Baryon flow at SIS energies and beyond

We calculate the baryon flow P_x/A(y) in the energy range from 0.25 to 4.0A GeV in a relativistic transport model for Ni + Ni and Au + Au collisions employing various models for the baryon self-energies. We find that to describe the flow data of the FOPI Collaboration above 1A GeV the strength of the vector potential has to be reduced at high relative momentum or at high density. The latter phenomenon leads to a softening of the nuclear equation of state at high density.     

Baryon trajectories revisited

Various properties of baryon trajectories are re-examined in the light of the latest data: in particular we study trajectory assignments of the 1982 baryon resonance data and evaluate effective trajectories for backward πN scattering incorporating FNAL data. We find that all of the information is consistent with trajectories linear inu, withF/D ratios constant along the trajectories and parity doublets absent. We find that exchange degeneracy (EXD) is good for Λ and Σ trajectories and residues and shed some qualitative light on the systematics of EXD breaking.     

Baryon properties in the relativistic quark model

Properties of heavy and strange baryons are investigated in the framework of the relativistic quark-diquark picture. It is based on the relativistic quark model of hadrons, which was previously successfully applied for the calculation of meson properties. It is assumed that two quarks in a baryon form a diquark and baryon is considered as the bound quark-diquark system. The relativistic effects and diquark internal structure are consistently taken into account. Calculations are performed up to rather high orbital and radial excitations of heavy and strange baryons. On this basis the Regge trajectories are constructed. The rates of semileptonic decays of heavy baryons are calculated. The obtained results agree well with available experimental data.