B → A transitions in the light-cone QCD sum rules with the chiral current

In this article, we calculate the form-factors of the transitions B → a₁(1260), b₁(1235) in the leading-order approximation using the light-cone QCD sum rules. In calculations, we choose the chiral current to interpolate the B-meson, which has the outstanding advantage that the twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes of the axial-vector mesons makes no contributions, and the resulting sum rules for the form-factors suffer from far fewer uncertainties. Then we study the semi-leptonic decays B → a₁(1260) lv_l, b₁(1235) lv_l (l=e,μ,τ), and make predictions for the differential decay widths and decay widths, which can be compared with the experimental data in the coming future.     

B → A transitions in the light-cone QCD sum rules with the chiral current

In this article, we calculate the form-factors of the transitions B → a₁(1260), b₁(1235) in the leading-order approximation using the light-cone QCD sum rules. In calculations, we choose the chiral current to interpolate the B-meson, which has the outstanding advantage that the twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes of the axial-vector mesons makes no contributions, and the resulting sum rules for the form-factors suffer from far fewer uncertainties. Then we study the semi-leptonic decays B → a₁(1260) lv_l, b₁(1235) lv_l (l=e,μ,τ), and make predictions for the differential decay widths and decay widths, which can be compared with the experimental data in the coming future.     

QCD finite energy sum rule calculation of the K → vacuum weak amplitude

The kaon-to-vacuum weak amplitude is discussed using the QCD finite energy sum rule approach. Its structure in terms of quark masses and other parameters of the theory is elucidated. Numerical estimates are also given.     

Constraints of ξ-moments computed using QCD sum rules on piondistribution amplitude models

To date, the behavior of the pionic leading-twist distribution amplitude (DA) \begin{document}$ \phi_{2;\pi}(x,\mu) $\end{document} \begin{document}$ - $\end{document}which is a universal physical quantity and is introduced into high-energy processes involving pions based on the factorization theorem\begin{document}$ - $\end{document} is not completely consistent. The form of \begin{document}$ \phi_{2;\pi}(x,\mu) $\end{document} is usually described by phenomenological models and constrained by the experimental data on exclusive processes containing pions or the moments computed using QCD sum rules and the lattice QCD theory. Evidently, an appropriate model is extremely important to determine the exact behavior of \begin{document}$ \phi_{2;\pi}(x,\mu) $\end{document}. In this paper, by adopting the least squares method to fit the ξ-moments calculated using QCD sum rules based on the background field theory, we perform an analysis on several commonly used models of the pionic leading-twist DA in the literature; these include the truncation form of the Gegenbauer polynomial series, the light-cone harmonic oscillator model, the form extracted from the Dyson-Schwinger equations, the model from the light-front holographic AdS/QCD, and a simple power-law parametrization form.     

QCD sum rule analysis of the coupling constant g ωσγ

We employ QCD sum rules to calculate the coupling constant g by studying the three point -correlation function. Our result complements the analysis of this coupling constant utilizing the experimental value of the ⁰⁰ decay rate studied within the framework of chiral perturbation theory including vector meson and meson intermediate states.     

Uncertainties of the $$B\rightarrow D$$B→ D transition form factor from the D-meson leading-twist distribution amplitude

The \(B\rightarrow D\) transition form factor (TFF) \(f^{B\rightarrow D}_+(q^2)\) is determined mainly by the D-meson leading-twist distribution amplitude (DA) , \(\phi _{2;D}\), if the proper chiral current correlation function is adopted within the light-cone QCD sum rules. It is therefore significant to make a comprehensive study of DA \(\phi _{2;D}\) and its impact on \(f^{B\rightarrow D}_+(q^2)\). In this paper, we calculate the moments of \(\phi _{2;D}\) with the QCD sum rules under the framework of the background field theory. New sum rules for the leading-twist DA moments \(\left\langle \xi ^n\right\rangle _D\) up to fourth order and up to dimension-six condensates are presented. At the scale \(\mu = 2 \,\mathrm{GeV}\), the values of the first four moments are: \(\left\langle \xi ^1\right\rangle _D = -0.418^{+0.021}_{-0.022}\), \(\left\langle \xi ^2\right\rangle _D = 0.289^{+0.023}_{-0.022}\), \(\left\langle \xi ^3\right\rangle _D = -0.178 \pm 0.010\) and \(\left\langle \xi ^4\right\rangle _D = 0.142^{+0.013}_{-0.012}\). Basing on the values of \(\left\langle \xi ^n\right\rangle _D(n=1,2,3,4)\), a better model of \(\phi _{2;D}\) is constructed. Applying this model for the TFF \(f^{B\rightarrow D}_+(q^2)\) under the light cone sum rules, we obtain \(f^{B\rightarrow D}_+(0) = 0.673^{+0.038}_{-0.041}\) and \(f^{B\rightarrow D}_+(q^2_{\mathrm{max}}) = 1.117^{+0.051}_{-0.054}\). The uncertainty of \(f^{B\rightarrow D}_+(q^2)\) from \(\phi _{2;D}\) is estimated and we find its impact should be taken into account, especially in low and central energy region. The branching ratio \(\mathcal {B}(B\rightarrow Dl\bar{\nu }_l)\) is calculated, which is consistent with experimental data.     

The cross section of the process e ++e −→J/ψ+η c within the QCD light-cone sum rules

We calculate the cross section of the exclusive process e ⁺+e ^?→J/ψ+η _c at the leading order approximation within the QCD light-cone sum rules approach. It is found that the form factor F _VP(V=J/ψ,P=η _c ) depends mainly on the behavior of the twist-2 distribution amplitude of the η _c meson at the scale of this process. Thus in order to obtain a reliable estimation of the cross section, it is important to have a realistic distribution amplitude of the η _c meson and to deal with the evolution of the distribution amplitude to the effective energy scale of the process. Our results show that one can obtain a compatible prediction with the Belle and BaBar experimental data.     

Analysis of the decay B^0→Xc1π^0 with light-cone QCD sum rules

In this article, we calculate the contribution from the nonfactorizable soft hadronic matrix element to the decay B^0→Xc1π^0 with the light-cone quantum chromo-dynamic （QCD） sum rules. The numerical results show that its contribution is rather large and should not be neglected. The total amplitudes lead to a branching fraction which is in agreement with the experimental data marginally.     

Determination of the constantg ωρπ from QCD sum rules

The ωρπ coupling constant is calculated using a modified form of sum rules for the vertex function 〈0|T(J _μ(x),J _ν(0))|π〉 accounting for the axial anomaly. The resultg _ωρπ=16 GeV^?1 is in good agreement with the estimates of the Vector Meson Dominance model. We show that the standard procedure gives forg _ωρπ a considerably smaller value compared to the experimental number.     

Application of a folding-model optical potential to analyzing inelastic pion–nucleus scattering and the in-medium effect on a pion–nucleon amplitude

The folding-model optical potential is generalized in such a way as to apply it to calculating the cross sections for inelastic scattering of π ^±-mesons on ²⁸Si, ⁴⁰Ca, ⁵⁸Ni, and ²⁰⁸Pb nuclei at the energies of 162, 180, 226, and 291 MeV leading to the excitation of the 2⁺ and 3^? collective states. In doing this, use is made of known nucleon-density distributions in nuclei and the pion–nucleon scattering amplitude whose parameters were obtained previously by fitting the elastic scattering cross sections for the same nuclei. Thus, the values of quadrupole (β ₂) and octupole (β ₃) deformations of nuclei appear here as the only adjustable parameters. The scattering cross section is calculated by solving the relativistic wave equation, whereby effects of relativization and distortion in the entrance and exit scattering channels are taken exactly into account. The cross sections calculated in this way for inelastic scattering are in good agreement with respective experimental data. The importance of the inclusion of in-medium effects in choosing parameters of the pion–nucleon amplitude is emphasized.     

Positivity constraints on the low-energy constants of the chiral pion–nucleon Lagrangian

Positivity constraints on the pion–nucleon scattering amplitude are derived in this article with the help of general S-matrix arguments, such as analyticity, crossing symmetry, and unitarity, in the upper part of the Mandelstam triangle, $\mathcal{R}$ . Scanning inside the region $\mathcal{R}$ , the most stringent bounds on the chiral low-energy constants of the pion–nucleon Lagrangian are determined. When just considering the central values of the fit results from covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory using the extended-on-mass-shell scheme, it is found that these bounds are well respected numerically both at the $O(p^3)$ and the $O(p^4)$ level. Nevertheless, when taking the errors into account, only the $O(p^4)$ bounds are obeyed in the full error interval, while the bounds on the $O(p^3)$ fits are slightly violated. If one disregards the loop contributions, the bounds always fail in certain regions of $\mathcal{R}$ . Thus, at a given chiral order these terms are not numerically negligible and one needs to consider all possible contributions, i.e., both tree-level and loop diagrams.We have provided the constraints for special points in $\mathcal {R}$ where the bounds are nearly optimal in terms of just a few chiral couplings, which can easily be implemented and employed to constrain future analyses. Some issues concerned with calculations with an explicit $\Delta $ resonance are also discussed.     

Analysis of the coupling constants ga0ηπ0 and ga0η＇ π0 with light-cone QCD sum rules

In this article, we take the point of view that the light scalar meson a0（980） is a conventional qqstate, and calculate the coupling constants ga0ηπ0 and ga0ηπ0 with the light-cone QCD sum rules. The central value of the coupling constant ga0ηπ0 is consistent with that extracted from the radiative decay φ（1020） → a0（980）γ→ηπ0γ. The central value and lower bound of the decay width Γa0→ηπ0 =127＋8448 MeV are compatible with the experimental data of the total decay width Γa0（980） = （50-100） MeV from the Particle Data Group with a very model dependent estimation （the decay width can be much larger）, while the upper bound is too large. We give a possible explanation for the discrepancy between the theoretical calculation and experimental data.     

Loops in the gluon emission amplitude: reggeization from the eikonal scattering

It is shown that in the eikonal scattering of a fast quark in the external field loop corrections to the gluon emission amplitude due to virtual softer gluon after renormalization coincide with a correction due to reggeization of the exchanged gluon in the BFKL picture.     

A Lagrangian Formalism Based on the Velocity-Determined Virtual Displacements for Systems with Nonholonomic Constraints

We develop a Lagrangian formulation for classical systems with a general nonholonomic constraints by utilizing the so-called velocity-determined virtual-displacement conditions, i.e. by assuming the virtual displacements to be along the direction of the velocities in a special reference frame. It is shown that our general scheme encompasses as special cases the Chetaev and Voronets approaches when the constraints are homogeneous or linear in relative velocities.     

Constraints on unparticle interactions from particle and antiparticle oscillations

Unparticles have dramatic effects on particle and antiparticle oscillations in meson–antimeson and muonium–antimuonium systems. Unlike the usual tree-level contributions to meson oscillations from heavy-particle exchange, which results in a small Γ ₁₂, the unparticle may have sizeable contributions to both M ₁₂ and Γ ₁₂ due to the fractional dimension of the unparticle. If the unparticle effect dominates the contributions (which may happen in D ⁰– mixing) to the meson mixing parameters x and y, we find that . The mass difference Δm in meson mixing can provide interesting constraints on the unparticle interactions. The unparticle interaction can significantly enhance the CP asymmetry in meson mixing, which can be tested in more accurate experiments in the future. Interesting constraints on unparticle and particle interactions can also be obtained using muonion and antimuonion oscillation data.     

Λb → Λc form factors from QCD light-cone sum rules

In this study, we calculate the transition form factors of \begin{document}$ \Lambda_b $\end{document} decaying into \begin{document}$ \Lambda_c $\end{document} within the framework of light-cone sum rules with the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of the \begin{document}$ \Lambda_b $\end{document}-baryon. In the hadronic representation of the correlation function, we isolate both the \begin{document}$ \Lambda_c $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \Lambda_c^* $\end{document} states so that the \begin{document}$ \Lambda_b \rightarrow \Lambda_c $\end{document}form factors can be obtained without ambiguity. We investigate the P-type and A-type currents to interpolate light baryons for comparison because the interpolation current for the baryon state is not unique. We also employ three parametrization models for the DAs of \begin{document}$ \Lambda_b $\end{document} in the numerical calculation. We present the numerical predictions for the \begin{document}$ \Lambda_b \rightarrow \Lambda_c $\end{document} form factors and branching fractions, averaged forward-backward asymmetry, averaged final hadron polarization, and averaged lepton polarization of the \begin{document}$ \Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c \ell\mu $\end{document} decays, as well as the ratio of the branching ratios \begin{document}$ R_{\Lambda_c} $\end{document}. The predicted \begin{document}$ R_{\Lambda_c} $\end{document} is consistent with LHCb data.