SnO2纳米微晶的合成及气敏性分析

采用溶剂热技术分别在油酸体系及无水乙醇体系中成功地合成了球形和菱形的 Sn O2 纳米微晶。通过X-射线粉末衍射、选区电子衍射、透射电镜和比表面积测定等手段对合成产物的结构进行了表征 ,并对合成产物的气敏性进行了分析。结果表明 :含有精细结构的球形 Sn O2 纳米微晶的比表面积为 1 4 6 m2· g-1,灵敏温度为 1 6 0℃左右 ,适合于作气敏元件材料     

MgFe2O4纳米颗粒及其气敏性研究

利用Sol-gel燃烧法合成氧化物MgFe2O4对氯气有很高的灵敏度,并利用XRD对产品的物相进行了分析;用TEM对粉体晶粒和形貌进行检测,将产物粉体制成气敏元件,采用静态配气法在气敏测试仪上进行了灵敏度和响应-恢复曲线的测试,研究证明镁铁复合氧化物对氯气有很好的气敏特性。     

SnO2纳米晶的水热合成及其气敏特性

SnO2 nanocrystal with different crystalline sizes were prepared with SnCl2 2H2O and H2O2 raw materials by a hydrothermal process. The synthesized powders at different reaction temperatures were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, specific surface area and gas sensitivity measurements. The results revealed that the pure SnO2 nanocrystallites synthesized at 120 ℃ have high specific surface area （210.3 m2/g）, and show a high sensitivity to C2H5OH gas. Both traits are beneficial in gas-sensitive detection application.     

纳米微晶TiO2合成Li4Ti5O12及其嵌锂行为

用溶胶-凝胶法并经热处理制备不同形态和晶体尺寸的TiO2，分别与Li2CO3高温固相反应生成锂钛复合氧化物，经电化学测试发现,用300 ℃热处理所得纳米微晶TiO2制备的Li4Ti5O12具有良好的嵌锂性能，其可逆比容量大于95 mA•h•g－1，充放电效率近100％，循环性能良好，电压平台平稳,在嵌锂至容量≥85％或脱锂至容量≥90％时均有明显的电压变化，可用作锂离子电池负极材料.     

纳米晶γ-Fe2O3的微乳液法制备及其气敏性

采用NaOH/十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)/甲苯/水和NaOH/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)/三氯甲烷/正丙醇/水2种微乳液体系制备了γ-Fe_2O_3纳米粉体,并对其气敏性能进行了研究和讨论。用FT-IR、XRD和TEM测试技术对纳米粉体进行了结构表征。结果表明,选用DBS和CTAB作为表面活性剂,在W/O分别为10．77和10．56的条件下均可获得粒径为4～5 nm的球形γ-Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒。由于获得的γ-Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒表面均有残余的表面活性剂存在,导致产物颗粒之间不易团聚,粒径较小。由2种微乳液体系制备的γ-Fe_2O_3纳米粉体制作的气敏元件,对体积分数为0．1％的乙醇的灵敏度分别为12．5和23．8,并测得元件DBS的响应-恢复时间分别为20和30s;元件CTAB的响应．恢复时间分别为15和47 s。元件的灵敏度与所测气体的浓度呈线性关系。     

稀土氧化物表面修饰NiFe2O4的制备及其气敏性能

采用低温固相反应法合成了NiFe2O4纳米粉体,并通过浸渍法在其表面修饰La2O3及Y2O3,通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了修饰前后粉体的结构及形貌,并对修饰不同含量La2O3及Y2O3的旁热式气敏元件的气敏性进行了测试.结果表明:La2O3及Y2O3以无定形结构附着于NiFe2O4颗粒表面,当表面修饰为4%(质量分数)的La2O3时,NiFe2O4气敏元件的最佳工作温度为150℃,对1000ppm的乙醇及丙酮气体具有较高的灵敏度.有望开发出一种低温下工作的新型气敏元件.当表面修饰2%Y2O3(质量分数)时,对1000ppm的乙醇气体的灵敏度要高于对丙酮气体的灵敏度,达到33.5,最佳工作温度为250℃.     

纳米晶MnFe2O4的低温共沉淀法合成及表征

尖晶石型复合氧化物MnFe2O4具有磁性、应用广泛。本文采用低温共沉淀法制备了铁酸锰纳米粉体,并用XRD、TEM及VSM对其进行了表征。     

Y2O3薄膜/锡掺杂玻璃光波导气敏元件及其气敏性

采用溶胶-凝胶法将氧化钇(Y2O3)敏感膜固定在锡掺杂玻璃光波导表面,研制出了Y2O3薄膜/锡掺杂玻璃光波导气敏元件,并对挥发性有机气体进行了检测.通过XRD测试对敏感薄膜的结构及晶粒尺寸进行了表征.实验结果表明,在室温下Y2O3薄膜/锡掺杂玻璃光波导气敏元件对二甲苯、氯苯气体有较好的选择性响应,其响应浓度范围为l×10-3 ～1×10-5(V/V).Y2O3薄膜/锡掺杂玻璃光波导气敏元件具有灵敏度高、成本低、响应速度快、制作工艺简单和可逆性好等优点.     

超细ZnFe2O4纳米晶与蛋白质的相互作用

水热法制备了超细ZnFe2O4纳米晶,并通过高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、XRD和EDX技术对其进行了表征。以牛血清白蛋白(Bovine Serum Albumin,BSA)和牛血红蛋白(Hemoglobin)为模式蛋白,研究了纳米晶在不同pH条件下对蛋白质分子的吸附及其与ζ电势的关系。通过动态光散射(Dynamic Light Scattering,DLS)和傅立叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transform Infrared,FTIR)技术分别研究了纳米晶吸附蛋白后流体力学直径的变化以及蛋白质构象的变化。结果表明,ZnFe2O4纳米晶对牛血红蛋白的吸附符合静电吸附的规律,而对BSA的吸附则不符合静电吸附的规律。纳米晶吸附牛血红蛋白后主要以单体和三聚体的形式存在,仅存在少量的团聚体,而吸附BSA后完全以团聚体的形式存在。FTIR光谱则显示纳米晶对牛血红蛋白构象的影响大于对BSA构象的影响。在合适的pH条件下,纳米晶对BSA及牛血红蛋白的吸附容量均超过380 mg·g-1,有望应用于蛋白质的高效分离。     

几种尖晶石型氧化物纳米粉体的制备及气敏性

采用化学共沉淀法合成了４种尖晶石型复合氧化物ＭＦｅ２Ｏ４（Ｍ＝Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｃｄ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋），Ｘ射线粉末衍射分析，透射电镜及比表面测定等表征结果表明它们均具较大比表面积的纳米粉体，平均粒径〈５０ｎｍ，将样品做成厚膜型气敏元件，测定了其对乙炔，液化石油气，一氧化碳、氢气和乙醇等还原（可燃）性气体的气敏特性。     

氧化铟掺杂对ZnFe2O4半导体气敏性能的影响

用化学共沉淀法在ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４中掺入Ｉｎ２Ｏ３．Ｘ射线衍射分析证实，Ｉｎ２Ｏ３与ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ３之间没有新相生成，晶格常数有微小变化．掺入Ｉｎ２Ｏ３降低了ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４的电导，改变了该系列材料的导电机制，提高了材料对乙醇的敏感性和选择性，而且缩短了材料的响应时间     

znfe2o4前驱物固相合成反应的热化学

固相反应;混合前驱物;热化学;znfe2o4     

纳米铁酸锌的水热合成

利用水热合成法制备纳米铁酸锌粉体，使用XRD、TEM研究了铁酸锌晶相组成、粒度大小和形貌，并对影响合成工艺的因素如反应前驱物的pH、反应温度、反应时间与产物的关系进行系统的考察研究。结果表明：前驱物的最佳pH为11－12，反应温度为448K，反应时间为360min，可制得结晶良好、纯度高、分散性好、粒度为纳米级的ZnFe2O4粉体。     

Comparison of reduction behavior of Fe2O3, ZnO and ZnFe2O4 by TPR technique

Advanced integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power generation systems require the development of high-temperature,regenerable,desulfurization sorbents capable of removing hydrogen sulfide from coal gasifier gas to very low levels.As a sort of effective desufurizer,such as Fe2O3,ZnO and ZnFe2O4,it will endure strong reducing atmosphere in desulfurization process.The reduced degree of desufurizer can have an effect on its desulfurization reactivity.In this paper,Fe2O3,ZnO and ZnFe2O4 were synthesized by precipitation or co-precipitation at constant pH.After aging,washing and drying,the solids were calcined at 800℃.The reduction behaviors of sample were characterized by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR).It is found that there are two reduction peaks for Fe203 in TPR,and whereas no reduction peaks for ZnO are found.The reduction process of ZnFe2O4 prepared by co-precipitation is different from that of Fe2O3.ZnFe2O4 is easier to be reduced than Fe2O3.The activation energy of reduction process for Fe2O3 and ZnFe2O4 is obtained at different reduction periods.     

Improved Visible-light Photocatalytic Properties of ZnFe2O4 Synthesized via Sol-gel Method Combined with a Microwave Treatment

ZnFe₂O₄(ZFO) was synthesized via a sol-gel method firstly, then the ZFO was irradiated with microwave treatment to obtain M-ZFO using NH₄Cl as dispersant for 10 min to improve the photocatalytic activity. Large particles of ZFO were broken into small and uniform particles by the gases of hydrogen chlorine and ammonia during the decomposition of NH₄Cl. Compared to ZnFe₂O₄ without microwave treatment(ZFO), M-ZFO exhibits smaller particle size, higher surface area and larger saturation magnetization. More importantly, the photocatalytic activity of M-ZFO for methylene blue was increased by 25% compared with that of ZFO.     

纳米尺寸铁酸锌半导体催化剂的表征及催化性能研究

采用改进的化学共沉淀法制备了不同平均粒径的ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４纳米晶体，利用Ｘ－射线衍射和透射电镜技术对其超微结构和表面形貌进行了研究．着重利用付里叶变换红外光谱和穆斯堡尔谱对其谱学特性（“量子尺寸效应”和“穆斯堡尔效应”）进行了研究，并详细探讨了纳米ＺｎＦｅ２Ｏ４催化剂对光催化性能的影响，得出了一些有意义的结论     

磁性AgBr/Ag3PO4/ZnFe2O4复合催化剂的制备及光催化性能

水热法结合原位沉淀法成功制备新型磁性溴化银/磷酸银/铁酸锌(AgBr/Ag₃PO₄/ZnFe₂O₄)复合催化剂,并通过X射线衍射、能量色散X射线、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对其晶相结构、组成、形貌及吸光性能进行了表征。在可见光照射下,所制备的AgBr/Ag₃PO₄/ZnFe₂O₄复合催化剂光催化降解罗丹明B (RhB)的活性优于Ag3PO4/ZnFe₂O₄、AgBr/ZnFe₂O₄和P25 TiO₂。在酸性和碱性溶液中,AgBr/Ag₃PO₄/ZnFe₂O₄光催化剂呈现出优良光催化性能。在AgBr/Ag₃PO₄/ZnFe₂O₄体系中,光催化降解RhB的速率随着反应体系温度的升高而增大,由阿伦尼乌斯方程计算获得反应体系活化能为31.9 kJ·mol^-1。AgBr/Ag₃PO₄/ZnFe₂O₄复合材料优异的可见光催化活性归因于光生电荷的有效分离,所产生的超氧自由基和空穴是RhB降解的主要活性物种。     

Screen‐printed Electrode Modified with ZnFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Detection of Acetylcholine

In this paper a sensor to detect acetylcholine on the basis of ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles modified screen printed electrode (SPE) is reported. In the range 0.08–500.0 μM, with the detection limit of 0.024±0.001 μM, acquired anodic peak currents where shown to be linearly dependent on acetylcholine concentrations by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It was proven that acetylcholine oxidation at adjusted electrode surface takes place at 100 mV potential less positive compared to an unadjusted screen printed electrode. The electron transfer coefficient (α=0.51) and diffusion coefficient (D=9.3×10^?6 cm²/s) of acetylcholine oxidation were determined too. In addition, this original sensor possesses numerous benefits such as reproducibility, high stability and rapid response (20 s).     

Influence of metal core of mixed‐metal carboxylates in preparation of spinel: ZnFe2O(O2CCF3)6 as a single‐source precursor for preparation of ZnFe2O4

The mixed‐metal and mixed‐valance carboxylates of MFe₂O(O₂CCF₃)₆(C₄H₈O)₂(H₂O) (M = Zn, Mn, Cu) and MFe₂O(O₂CCCl₃)₆(C₄H₈O)₂(H₂O) (M = Zn, Fe) were utilized as potential precursors for the preparation of spinel. In the pyrolysis of ZnFe₂O(O₂CCF₃)₆(C₄H₈O)₂(H₂O) in air at 400 °C pure ZnFe₂O₄ is formed, in contrast to pyrolysis of the trichloro derivative, which resulted in the formation of ZnO and Fe₂O₃. In the pyrolysis of MnFe₂O(O₂CCF₃)₆(C₄H₈O)₂(H₂O) in nitrogen, MnFe₂O₄ was the main phase and single oxides were the minor phases. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

铁酸锌掺杂对二氧化钛结构相变及光催化性能的影响

分别采用共沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法制备铁酸锌和二氧化钛纳米粉体,较系统地研究了铁酸锌纳米掺杂对二氧化钛“锐钛矿→金红石”的结构相变及光催化性能的影响.结果表明,适量铁酸锌的掺杂可促进二氧化钛的结构相变,显著提高其光催化活性,在最佳掺杂浓度时,其光催化降解苯酚的效率可以提高2～3倍.