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Branching carbon nanotubes were synthesized by pyrolysis of acetylene at 700℃ over oxygen-free copper and γ-Al2O3-supported Cu unitary or Cu/Fe binary catalysts. The morphologies of the as-grown products were charac-terized by transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the branching structures were closely related to the Cu component of the catalysts. We proposed that the special electronic structure (3d104s1) of Cu play the crucial role in the formation of the heptagon defects related to the branching structures. 相似文献
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分子筛型PAN-ACF制备及表面结构的XPS研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以聚丙烯腈基活性炭纤维(PAN ACF)为原料,首次采用液相浸渍结合空气氧化的方 法,在较为温和的条件下改变原料的表面结构和孔隙结构,制备出具有分离N2/O2性能的分子 筛型PAN ACF.采用TGA DTA、电子天平及XPS技术分析表征了分子筛型PAN ACF的吸附性能 和表面结构.结果表明:浸渍煤焦油后的PAN ACF在100~400 ℃之间失重缓慢,是煤焦油中苯 环及杂环类化合物与纤维表面氧化接枝的过程;经350 ℃浸渍空气氧化ACF对N2/O2吸附量及 选择性均得到了显著提高,选择系数达到5.6;浸渍煤焦油的PAN ACF表面具有一定量的羟基 、醚基、羰基和羧基等含氧官能团,氧化过程中各类官能团含量发生改变,类石墨碳含量随浸 渍浓度增加而增大;浸渍氧化再炭化的结果使PAN ACF对N2/O2吸附选择性得到明显提高. 相似文献
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铅锡合金的准二维电沉积物具有伪共晶-固溶体双层结构.研究表明,这种奇特的结构是由生长界面上电流密度自发变化引起的.当生长界面处于整个沉积物前端时,电流密度大,铅和锡共同沉积形成伪共晶组织;当生长界面处于整个沉积物后端时,电流密度小,铅沉积成为主要反应,此时沉积物是含铅较多的固溶体组织. 相似文献
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胜利褐煤焦钙催化水蒸气气化反应中活性微结构分析 《燃料化学学报》2016,44(11):1297-1303
针对胜利褐煤焦水蒸气气化反应过程中钙组分的催化作用,在脱除矿物质胜利褐煤煤样SL~+中添加CaO在1 100℃热解得到添钙煤焦样品Ca-J,Ca-J经盐酸处理脱除其游离钙组分,得到添钙焦酸洗煤样Ca-J~+,采用BET、SEM-EDS、XRD、FT-IR及XPS等技术对所制备煤样进行表征,并在微型固定床反应装置上进行水蒸气气化反应性测试,对煤样微结构特性进行研究,提出了钙催化水蒸气气化反应中的活性微结构模型。结果表明,水蒸气气化反应中,添钙焦样酸洗前后的Ca-J和CaJ~+碳转化率及反应活性指数基本相同,但比酸洗煤焦样SL~+-J高出许多。样品XPS的Ca2p谱图分峰说明,Ca-J~+中存在Ca(CH_3COO)_2与Ca-OOR两种化学形态的钙。化学分析及SEM-EDS表征均表明,Ca-J~+中钙含量比Ca-J减少了97%以上;XRD表明,Ca-J中游离存在的CaS、CaO经酸洗被脱除;FT-IR表明,Ca-J及Ca-J~+中含有C=O、C-O等特征吸收峰。综合上述结果,可推测"R-O-Ca-O-R'"(R及R'可为脂肪族或芳香族结构体)是钙组分催化胜利褐煤焦水蒸气气化的活性微结构。 相似文献
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催化剂活性组成对纳米碳纤维产率和微结构的影响 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
采用沉积-沉淀法制备了活性组成可控的镍铁系列催化剂,以CO/H2为碳源,在600 ℃下进行了纳米碳纤维的催化生长,考察了催化剂活性组成变化对纳米碳纤维产率和微结构的影响. 结果表明,镍铁系列催化剂具有较好的催化活性,在反应36 h内没有失活,催化剂中Fe的存在有利于提高纳米碳纤维的产率. 表征结果表明,纳米碳纤维的直径分布较为均匀,在20~50 nm之间,比表面积为130~200 m2/g; 纳米碳纤维中石墨层与轴之间夹角随催化剂中Fe含量的增大而增大; TPO结果表明,Fe的存在提高了纳米碳纤维的石墨化程度. 结合纳米碳纤维的生长机理,认为活性组成的变化影响了CO与催化剂表面的反应和碳在金属中的扩散,进而影响纳米碳纤维的产率和微结构. 相似文献
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发展了一种基于酶催化金属银沉积信号放大的新型高灵敏气相压电免疫传感检测技术.先将血吸虫抗原(SjAg)共价固定在石英晶体表面,制备得到血吸虫压电免疫传感器.检测时,在晶振上滴加不同浓度的待测血吸虫抗体,再将碱性磷酸酶标记的二抗通过夹心方式结合到传感器表面.然后利用碱性磷酸酶催化磷酸化的抗坏血酸酯水解从而还原硝酸银,使金属银沉积在晶振表面上,放大传感器的质量响应信号.实验结果表明该传感检测方法可显著提高气相压电免疫传感器的检测灵敏度,传感器对血吸虫抗体的响应线性范围在1~225 ng/mL,检测下限为1 ng/mL. 相似文献
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碳纳米材料是一类推动能源存储、 多相催化、 高性能复合和生物医药等领域发展的重要材料, 可控合成碳纳米材料对相关领域的发展具有重要意义. 水滑石(LDHs)材料具有层板金属种类及含量可调等特点, 经焙烧、 还原后可制备出金属种类、 密度和粒径分布各异的高分散、 高稳定金属纳米催化剂, 可实现高效催化生长各种类型的碳纳米材料. 此外, 通过调控反应条件和反应器等, 可以影响LDHs基金属纳米催化剂催化生长的碳纳米材料的结构和性能. 本文总结了LDHs基金属纳米催化剂的可控制备、 碳纳米材料结构调控以及利用LDHs基催化剂制备的碳纳米材料的应用等方面的研究工作, 并阐明了催化剂的可控制备是控制合成碳纳米材料的核心手段, 这为利用LDHs基催化剂进一步合成更高性能碳纳米材料的研究指明了方向. 此外, 本文还结合近些年在光、 电及光热催化方面的研究进展, 展望了基于新型LDHs纳米结构生长碳纳米材料的研究前景. 相似文献
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纳米CaCO3负载过渡金属CVD法制备多壁碳纳米管的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以纳米碳酸钙粉体为载体,用浸渍法制备了可用于化学气相沉积(CVD)法制备碳纳米管的高产率催化剂.应用FESEM,HRTEM,TEM,XRD和激光拉曼谱对产物进行了表征.结果表明,由于纳米碳酸钙具有较大的比表面积,可高密度地承载催化剂活性组分.在碳纳米管生长初期,处于缓慢分解状态的纳米碳酸钙才能有效地起到载体作用,且反应温度为700~750℃时,碳纳米管的产率较高.Fe-Co双金属催化剂在700℃,催化生长60min后,可增重10倍,而且产物中无定形碳含量极少.纳米碳酸钙载体易于提纯,用质量分数为30%的硝酸超声提纯粗产品1h,可使纯度提高到97%,且不破坏碳纳米管结构. 相似文献
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Cigang Xu Emmanuel Flahaut Sam R. Bailey Gareth Brown Jeremy Sloan Karl S. Coleman V. Clifford Williams Malcolm L. H. Green * . Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford Oxford OX QR UK 《高等学校化学研究》2002,18(2):130-132
IntroductionSingle walledcarbonnanotubes(SWNTs)havebeensynthesisedbyusingvariousmethods[1— 3] andthechemicalvapourdeposition (CVD )methodhasbeenconsideredasa promisingmethodto produceSWNTsonanindustrialscale[3— 5] .However ,alltheSWNT productssynthesisedtodateco… 相似文献
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将酞菁镍(NiPc)掺入阳离子表面活性剂双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵(DDAB)的氯仿溶液中,并涂布于热解石墨电极表面,待氯仿挥发后制得NiPc-DDAB薄膜电极。循环伏安实验表明,在KBr溶液中,该薄膜电极有两对良好且稳定的还原氧化峰,第一对峰的Epc1=-0.64V,Epa1=-0.60V(vs.SCE);第二对峰的Epc2=-0.84V,Epa2=-0.80V,本文着重探讨了第二对峰的电化学行为,估计了该体系的电化学参数如电子扩散系数De和非均相电极反应速率常数k0'.该薄膜电极可用于催化各种卤代乙酸的电化学还原,用多种表面分析技术对该薄膜进行了表征。 相似文献
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Alexander G. Fitzgerald Yongchang Fan Phillip John Clare E. Troupe John I. B. Wilson Anthony O. Tooke Brian E. Storey 《Mikrochimica acta》2000,132(2-4):315-321
The characteristics of the interface microstructures between a CVD diamond film and the silicon substrate have been studied
by transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The investigations are performed on plan-view TEM
specimens which were intentionally thinned only from the film surface side allowing the overall microstructural features of
the interface to be studied. A prominent interfacial layer with amorphous-like features has been directly observed for CVD
diamond films that shows a highly twinned defective diamond surface morphology. Similar interfacial layers have also been
observed on films with a <100> growth texture but having the {100} crystal faces randomly oriented on the silicon substrate.
These interfacial layers have been unambiguously identified as diamond phase carbon by both electron diffraction and electron
energy loss spectroscopy. For the CVD diamond films that exhibit heteroepitaxial growth features, with the {100} crystal faces
aligned crystallographically on the silicon substrate, such an interfacial layer was not observed. This is consistent with
the expectation that the epitaxial growth of CVD diamond films requires diamond crystals to directly nucleate and grow on
the substrate surface or on an epitaxial interface layer that has a small lattice misfit to both the substrate and the thin
film material. 相似文献
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催化动力学光度法测定痕量锰(Ⅱ) 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
研究了在Na2HPO4-NaOH介质中,Mn(Ⅱ)催化高碘酸钾氧化镁试剂1[4-(对硝基苯偶氮)间苯二酚]的反应及其动力学条件,建立了一种高灵敏、高选择性测定痕量Mn(Ⅱ)的新方法。可测0.01-2.5μg/25mL范围的锰(Ⅱ),方法的检测限为6.43×10^-11gm/mL。 相似文献
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利用P-2-Ni催化剂对巴豆醛常压催化加氢生成正丁醛的反应进行了研究。实验表明,该催化剂对巴豆醛的α,β-烯键有很高的选择性和催化活性,同时,合成了P-2-Co、P-2-Co-Ni催化剂,并选择了巴豆醛的加氢条件。 相似文献
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In the past two decades, many research is being carried out on coating of textile membranes with conductive polymers. In order to functionalize the textile membranes, coating of different intrinsically conductive polymers can be applied on these membranes through appropriate coating techniques like electrochemical polymerization, wet chemical oxidation and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Noticeably, CVD process is one of the most suitable and environment friendly technique. In this research, microporous polyester and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes were coated with conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) by CVD process in the presence of ferric(III)chloride (FeCl3) used as an oxidant. Polymerization of PEDOT on the surface of membranes and pore size was examined by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural analysis investigated with ATR‐FTIR, which revealed the successful deposition of PEDOT on membranes without damaging their parent structures. The amount of PEDOT in PEDOT‐coated polyester and PTFE membranes was explored with the help of thermogravimeteric analysis. Electrical resistance values of PEDOT‐coated membranes were measured by two probe method. The effect of different electrolyte solutions such as, distilled H2O, Na2SO4, HCl, and H2SO4 on electrical properties of produced conductive membranes was investigated after dipping for certain period of time. It was found that membranes dipped in H2SO4 show very low electrical resistance values, i.e. 0.85 kΩ for polyester membrane and 1.17 kΩ for PTFE membrane. The obtained PEDOT‐coated electro‐active membranes may find their possible utility in fuel cells, enzymatic fuel cells, and antistatic air filter applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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研究了N2H4在间-四(邻-硝基苯基)四苯并卟啉铁(Ⅲ)、钴(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)配合物[MTP(o-NO2)TBP,简称MTBP]修饰石墨电极上的催化电氧化反应,测得该系列金属四苯并卟啉的催化活性的顺序为Co(Ⅱ)TBP>ClFe(Ⅲ)TBP>Ni(Ⅱ)TBP>Zn(Ⅱ)TBP≈石墨,考察了Co(Ⅱ)TBP和ClFe(Ⅲ)TBP催化联氨电氧化反应的动力学过程.结果表明,OH-和N2H4在ClFe(Ⅱ)TBP修饰电极上的反应级数分别为2和1,而在Co(Ⅱ)TBP修饰电极上的均为1.根据电化学参数提出了可能的反应机理. 相似文献