苦参配方颗粒的高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究及定量分析

研究了苦参配方颗粒的指纹图谱和含量测定。采用高效液相色谱法,在C18柱上以乙腈-磷酸氢二钠水溶液(20 mmol/L,磷酸调pH 7.1)进行梯度洗脱,柱温35℃,检测波长220 nm,用指标成分氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱和苦参碱进行了定位,并在同一色谱条件下同时测定了它们的含量。确定了15个共有峰,其中7、8和11号峰分别为氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱和苦参碱。10批样品平均相似度为0.99以上,三个成分的含量分别为:氧化苦参碱50.0~79.8 mg/g;氧化槐果碱13.5~18.1 mg/g;苦参碱16.5~30.1 mg/g。结果表明:指纹图谱与指标成分含量测定相结合,可提高苦参配方颗粒的内在质量控制水平。     

CZE法鉴别测定苦豆草药材中多种生物碱成分

建立了一种同时在苦参药材中鉴别9种生物碱并测定其中6种生物碱含量的毛细管区带电泳法.即用未涂渍熔融石英毛细管柱50μm×41.5cm(有效长度33cm),以0.3mol/L Tris水溶液一正丙醇(ⅥV=60/40,pH=7.0)为运行缓冲液,氯丙那林为内标,在检测波长210nm、运行电压30kV、50mbar压力下进样10s、运行温度25℃和分析时间40min进行毛细管区带电泳.结果表明,宁夏市售苦豆草中含有野靛碱、莱蔓碱、槐安碱、苦参碱、槐定碱、槐果碱、苦豆碱、氧化槐果碱和氧化苦参碱,其中苦参碱、槐果碱、苦豆碱、氧化槐果碱和氧化苦参碱的含量接近,槐定碱的含量明显高于它们.本法灵敏、准确、专属性好,适用于苦豆草药材中生物碱成分的鉴别和含量测定.     

液-质联用研究槐定碱、槐果碱和苦参碱在兔体内的药代动力学

建立了一种液-质联用测定家兔血浆中槐定碱、槐果碱和苦参碱浓度的方法,并用于生物碱的药代动力学研究。分析方法的线性范围为槐定碱13.2~995.0μg/L,槐果碱7.0~530.0μg/L和苦参碱8.8~655.0μg/L,回收率为90.2%~99.8%。药代动力学参数计算结果表明,槐定碱和槐果碱符合二室模型,而苦参碱则符合三室模型。比较苦黄注射液和混合标准品注射后的药代动力学参数,表明苦黄注射液中的其他成分对槐果碱有促进其消除的作用,对槐定碱的消除可能有促进作用,而对苦参碱则没有影响。     

液-质联用研究槐定碱、槐果碱和苦参碱在免体内的药代动力学

建立了一种液-质联用测定家兔血浆中槐定碱、槐果碱和苦参碱浓度的方法，并用于生物碱的药代动力学研究。分析方法的线性范围为槐定碱13．2-995．0μg/L，槐果碱7．0～530．0μg/L和苦参碱8．8～655．0μg/L，回收率为90．2％～99．8％。药代动力学参数计算结果表明，槐定碱和槐果碱符合二室模型，而苦参碱则符合三室模型。比较苦黄注射液和混合标准品注射后的药代动力学参数，表明苦黄注射液中的其他成分对槐果碱有促进其消除的作用，对槐定碱的消除可能有促进作用，而对苦参碱则没有影响。     

13-羟乙胺苦参碱衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤药理活性研究

以槐果碱为先导化合物,通过对槐果碱的结构修饰,得到一系列具有抗肿瘤活性的新型衍生物,旨在抗肿瘤新药研发过程中提供一定参考依据。以DMF为溶剂,乙醇胺为亲核共轭体,合成了10个新型13-羟乙胺苦参碱衍生物[13-(N-磺酰基)羟乙胺苦参碱(2a～2d),13-(N-苄基)羟乙胺苦参碱(2e～2j)]。其结构经~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR和MS表征,并选取肝癌细胞(HepG-2)和宫颈癌细胞(Hela)对所合成的化合物采用MTT测试法进行体外抗肿瘤药理活性初步筛选。对于两种肿瘤细胞株而言,所合成的目标化合物与苦参碱和槐果碱相比,药理活性均有不同程度的提高。其中化合物2f对于两种肿瘤细胞均显示出了较好的活性。本文成功合成了10个新型的苦参碱衍生物,实验结果显示化合物2f对于两种受试肿瘤细胞均显示出了良好的抑制活性,且活性优于槐果碱和苦参碱。这对于今后抗肿瘤新药的设计和合成,有一定的借鉴意义。     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠-异辛烷-正辛醇反胶束萃取苦参生物碱的研究

利用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与溶剂异辛烷和助溶剂正辛醇形成反胶束体系,用于苦参生物碱的萃取分离。研究了pH值、表面活性剂浓度、增溶水量W0、盐种类及浓度等因素对萃取的影响。结果表明:SDBS-异辛烷-正辛醇反胶束体系对苦参生物碱具有良好的选择性和较高萃取率,在pH 5.0,增溶水量W0 25,0.05 mol/L SDBS,0.05 mol/L KCl,室温,萃取时间5 min,反萃取时间20 min的最佳萃取条件下,氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、槐定碱、苦参碱、槐果碱5种生物碱及总生物碱的萃取率和RSD分别在74.1%～87.2%和0.63%～3.0%之间。本方法选择性高,操作简便。     

以离子液体作流动相添加剂的高效液相色谱法测定复方苦参注射液中4种生物碱

将离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐(［BMIM］BF4)作为流动相添加剂建立了同时测定复方苦参注射液中4种主要生物碱的HPLC分析方法。以Agilent TC-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)为分离柱,甲醇-0.1%磷酸水溶液(含2.2×10-4mol/L ［BMIM］BF4)(5:95, v/v)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30 ℃,进样量20 μL,在205 nm下检测。结果表明,苦参碱、槐定碱、氧化槐果碱以及氧化苦参碱的质量浓度分别在25.8～155.0 mg/L, 40.0～240.0 mg/L, 21.7～130.0 mg/L和37.5～225.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9990,平均回收率(n=9)在96.2%和98.9%之间。离子液体的加入能明显改善C18柱分离生物碱的色谱峰形并提高分离度。本法简便、快速、重复性好,可用于复方苦参注射液中生物碱的分离与测定。     

微波辅助提取-高效液相色谱法测定苦参中5种苦参生物碱的含量

取粒径在0.18～0.25mm的药材粉末于提取罐中,用水作提取剂,在110℃、压力为15MPa、功率为780W的条件下进行微波提取(PMAE)5min,经离心后取上清液为提取液。提取液经无水乙醇处理提纯后得到待测物的甲醇溶液,从中分取部分溶液按选定条件用液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)联用做定性分析,用高效液相色谱(HPLC)做定量分析。LC-MS结果表明:提取液中含有氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、槐定碱、苦参碱和槐果碱,与其它3种提取方法比较,PMAE的提取率高且提取时间短。HPLC定量时,采用C18色谱柱,以不同比例的甲醇、乙腈和0.1%氨水溶液(pH 10.3)的混合溶液作流动相进行梯度淋洗,可分离上述5种生物碱,以峰面积和浓度间的线性关系进行定量。5种生物碱的回收率在93.9%～101.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.53%～2.6%之间。     

毛细管电泳法同时测定复方苦参注射液中三种生物碱含量

应用毛细管电泳法测定了复方苦参注射液中苦参碱、氧化苦参碱、槐定碱的含量。毛细管电泳条件为 :未涂层石英毛细管 ( 5 7cm× 5 0 μm i.d.) ,分离电压为1 2 .5 k V,0 .2 mol/ L Tris- 40 mmol/ L磷酸二氢钠 ( p H5 .5 0 ) - 2 0 %异丙醇为缓冲液 ,检测波长 2 0 0 nm,氢溴酸东莨菪碱为内标。结果表明 ,该法简便、快速、准确 ,重现性好。     

气相色谱-质谱法检测细菌中N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯类信号分子

建立了N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯类(N-acyl-homoserine lactones,AHLs)群体感应信号分子的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法,并优化了检测条件。在优化条件下,采用选择离子扫描模式(SIM)从细菌Pseud-oalteromonas sp.NJ6-3-1培养液中检测到3种AHLs(N-己基高丝氨酸内酯(C6-HSL)、N-辛基高丝氨酸内酯(C8-HSL)和N-十四基高丝氨酸内酯(C14-HSL))。与传统的薄层层析-生物传感器(TLC-biosensor)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)相比,该方法更加简单、高效,只需对培养液样品进行简单处理,即可定性检测样品中的AHLs分子。该方法为从复杂基质中检测和鉴定AHLs信号分子提供了有效手段。     

Solvent extraction separation of In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/ with sulphoxides

Solvent extraction studies have been made on some metals: In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/, from ammonium thiocyanate solutions by dialkyl sulphoxides. Separation of these metals from one another can be achieved by suitable choice of the extracted conditions. The nature of the extractable metal species has been elucidated.     

Synthesis of chlorobis/β-diketonato/oxotechnetium/V/ and tris/β-diketonato/technetium/III/ complexes

Chlorobis/-diketonato/ oxotechnetium/V/ complexes [TcOCl/-dik/₂, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and dibenzoylmethane] were newly synthesized using macroamount of⁹⁹Tc. These complexes were further separated into geometrical isomers. Furthermore, an improvement of the yields for the syntheses of tris/-dike-tonato/technetium/III/ complexes [Tc/-dik/₃, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone] was examined using Tc/III/-thiourea complexes as a starting material.     

An investigation of the promotional effect of propylene or propane traces on the activity of sulfatedPt/g-Al2O3andPt-Sn/g-Al2O3inCH4combustion

Summary A strong promoting effect of the presence of C₃H₈or C₃H₆was determined for the combustion of CH₄in excess oxygen, over pre-sulfated 1%Pt/g-Al₂O₃and pre-sulfated 1%Pt-2%Sn/g-Al₂O₃catalysts.</o:p>     

LixZryOz三元化合物的制备及表征

采用高温固相法制备了4种高纯度晶相组成的LixZryOz三元化合物,研究了焙烧温度、时间、反应物的种类和初始反应物物质的量比对产物组成的影响,进一步用XRD、SEM及BET分析方法对产物的晶相结构、表面形貌及比表面积进行了表征.实验结果表明,Li2CO3与ZrO2在适当条件下可以合成得到单斜相Li3ZrO3;以LiOH替代Li2CO3,在适当条件下可以分别合成得到四方相Li2ZrO3和三斜/单斜相Li6Zr2O7;进一步以Zr(NO3)4·5H2O代替Zr02,可将单斜相Li6Zr2O7的制备时间由96 h缩短至24 h.SEM照片显示产物硬团聚明显,粒径分布在1～10μm间,BET分析表明样品比表面积处于1.0～9.0 m2·g-1间分布,反应过程中锂的过量以及长时间高温焙烧是引起产物粒径长大和产生硬团聚的主要原因.     

Separation of Tl/III/ from Tl/I/

A method for the separation of Tl/III/from Tl/I/ is reported employing 1-/2-pyridylazo/-2-naphthol /PAN/ and Rhodamine-B as extracting agents.     

LixNi0.8-yCo0.2ZnyOp的合成及电化学性能研究

A series of single-phase Li_xNi_0.8-yCo_0.2Zn_yO_p(0.96 ≤x≤ 1.10， 0 ≤y≤ 0.05， 2 ≤p≤ 2(1+y) ) (different in the y values) were synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction method， in which LiOH·H₂O， Zn-doped spherical Ni(OH)₂ and Co₂O₃ were used as the precursors. The ICP-AES analyses proved that the Zn-doped compounds synthesized had the nonstoichiometric form. The results of the XRD， SEM identified that the uniform particles of the as-prepared materials having a good layered structure were fine， narrowly distributed and well crystallized. The electrochemical performance test was carried out and the results showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped materials had not only a high capacity， but also a better cycling stability characterization than the un-doped one. The Li_1.06Ni_0.75Co_0.22Zn_0.03O_2.03 material has an initial reversible capacity as high as 160.5mAh·g^-1; and a first discharge efficiency 89.2%， and exhibits satisfactory cyclic stability with 90% retainable capacity after 50 cycles.     

橙红色荧光粉Ca_(1-x-y)Sm_xBi_ySiO_3的制备及其发光性能

以Sm3+作为激活剂,Bi3+作为辅助激活剂,采用水热法合成Ca1-x-ySmxBiySi O3前驱体,然后在1 100℃焙烧得到系列橙红色荧光粉。用X-射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和荧光分光光度计和傅里叶变换红外光谱等手段对样品的组成、结构和形貌及其发光性质进行分析和表征。分析结果表明:产物都为三斜晶系结构的Ca1-x-ySmxBiySi O3和四方结构的方石英Si O2共熔体。在405 nm近紫外光激发下,产物的发射光谱由3个峰组成,发射峰值位于566、606和650 nm处,分别归属于Sm3+的4G5/2→6HJ/2(J=5,7,9)跃迁。产物的激发光谱在405 nm有很强的发射带,与近紫外LED芯片匹配。随着Sm3+掺量的增加,样品发光强度先增强后减弱,当Sm3+的物质的量分数为3%时发光强度达到最大,浓度猝灭机理为电偶极-电偶极相互作用。当Bi3+的物质的量分数在0.3%~1.5%时,对产物Ca0.97Sm0.03Si O3的荧光强度起敏化作用。Sm3+和Bi3+的最佳物质的量分数分别为3%和0.5%。     

Zr1-xMxWMoO8-x/2和Zr1-xMxW2O8-x/2固溶体的晶胞参数与晶格畸变的关系

合成了Zr1-xMxWMoO8-x/2(M=Er,Tm,Yb,Sc,In,Ga,Al)和Zr1-xMxW2O8-x/2(M=Eu,Er,Yb,Sc,In,Ga,Al)2个系列的固溶体,前者具有β-ZrW2O8结构类型(简称β相);后者具有α-ZrW2O8结构类型(简称α相)。建立了相和相的晶胞参数与M3+离子浓度的Vegard方程,测定了上述固溶体的固溶度。讨论了M3+离子的化学性质与Vegard斜率SV的关系。分析了α相的SαA与β相的SβA的关系;揭示了α-Zr1-xMxW2O8-x/2晶格中2[WO4]四面体对的取向有序程度对晶格畸变的贡献。提出上述固溶体的晶胞参数随溶质浓度增加而减小,主要是由于氧空位缺陷相互作用的结果。     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti1−2xNbxNixO2−x/2 solid solutions

Doped-rutile has been traditionally used in ceramic pigments for its intense optical properties. In this paper, we compare the classical ceramic synthesis of Ti_1−2xNb_xNi_xO_2−x/2 system with the sol-gel methodology, which allows a reduction of the anatase-rutile transformation temperature. The composition was optimised in order to obtain a unique rutile phase with the minimum amount of pollutant Ni(II) and enhanced chromatic coordinates. Incorporation of the doping ions in the rutile structure was corroborated by XRD and Rietveld refinements. The species responsible for the colour mechanism were studied by different techniques. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed the characteristic features of Ni²⁺ ions, whose existence was corroborated by EPR and magnetic measurements. From these results, (Ni,Nb)doped-TiO₂ powder samples can be now shaped as thin films, monoliths, etc. by using sol-gel methodology without modifying their properties. This study introduces new possibilities of coloured TiO₂-based solid solutions in new combined advanced applications (colouring agent and photocatalyst, etc.).     

Analysis of nonvalent interactions in the crystals of conformational polymorphs of the composition CaHbNcOdSe by means of molecular voronoi-dirichlet polyhedra

Nonvalent interactions in crystals of compounds of the composition C _a H _b N _c O _d S _e that exhibit conformational polymorphism and have no fewer than four structurally characterized modifications are analyzed using molecular Voronoi-Dirichlet polyhedrals. A unique combination of the types of occurring intra- and intermolecular nonvalent contacts is shown to correspond to each conformational polymorph. Nonvalent interactions involving hydrogen atoms are found to occur most often in crystal structures, and least often those involving S, N, and O atoms.