关于一个素数和一个素数的k次方和问题

设k≥2,且Hk表示一个正整数n的集合,使得该集合中的元素满足a+bk≡n(modq)对任意的q,在模q的既约剩余系中有解,令Dk(N)表示所有的n≤N,且n∈Hk且不能表成p1+p2k=n形式的整数.那么在GRH下, Dk(N)相似文献   

GLOBAL ATTRACTIVITY OF A LOGISTIC MODEL WITH UNBOUNDED DELAY

1 IntroductionConsider the fOllowing Logistic modelwhere A denotes the forward difference operator defined by Ax. = xu l -- x.,{r.}7=, is a sequence of nonnegative real number, {k.}7=, is a sequence ofnonnegative integers, which satisfies j\t(n -- k.) = co) }it sup k. = co? andK is a positive constant. Obviously, K is the unique positive equilibrium pointof Eq.(1).FOr the special cases of Eq.(l)f re = r > 0 or k. == k 6 {0, 1, 2,' .}, therehave been many papers studying them. See, for exa…     

OSCILLATION OF CERTAIN nTH ORDER DIFFERENCE EQUATION

1 IntroductionIn this paper, we study the nib order difference equation'L.Xk qkf(X,,) = 0, k E N(0) = {0, 1, 2,' .} (E)where A is the forward difference operator, i.e. axs = xk 1 -- xkj Loxk = xk?L.xk = ac(L.--lxk), in = 1, 2,'', n; {alk},'' I {a.k} are real sequences,ark H I for k E N(0).We set some conditions as followsco(I) afk > 0 for k 2 ho 2 0, Zafk = co, i = 1,2,'' 3n -- 1;(II) {gb} is a real sequence and gb 6 Z = {'' 3 --2, --1, 0, 1, 2,' .} fork E N(0), age 2 0, gb 5 k…     

A CLASS OF NONLOCAL BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF NONLINEAR ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS IN UNBOUNDED DOMAINS

We consider the following boundary value problem ill the unbounded donain Liui = fi(x,u, Tu), i = 1, 2,' ! N,x E fl, (1) olLi "i0n Pi(x)t'i = gi(x,u), i = l, 2,',N,x E 0fl, (2) where x = (x i,', x.), u = (u1,' f uN), Th = (T1tti,', TNi'N) and [ n. 1 L, = -- I Z ajk(X)the i0j(X)C], Li,k=1' j=1 J] l Ltti = / K(x,y)ui(y)dy, x E n. jn K(x, y)ui(y)dy, x E n. Q denotes an unbounded dolllain in R", including the exterior of a boullded doinain and 0…     

OSCILLATION CRITERIA FOR CERTAIN NONLINEAR DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

1 IntroductionIn a number of recent papers [l-61 oscil1ation of solutions of second ordernonlinear difference equations has been investigated. ln this paper, we studythe oscil1atory behavior of solutions of the second order nonlinear differenceequationA(r.--lAx.--l) p.f(x.) = 0, n = l, 2,'' (1)where the difference operator a is defined by Ax. = xn 1 -- xn) n = 1, 2,' ')and the functions r, p, f are to be specified in the following text. By a solutionof Eq.(1), we mean a real sequence x = …     

Estimates for eigenvalues of Laplacian operator with any order

Let D be a bounded domain in an n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn. Assume that 0 ＜ λ1 ≤λ2 ≤ … ≤ λκ ≤ … are the eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian operator with any order l{(-△)lu=λu, in D u=(δ)u/(δ)(→n)=…(δ)l-1u/(δ)(→n)l-1=0,on (δ)D.Then we obtain an upper bound of the (k 1)-th eigenvalue λκ 1 in terms of the first k eigenvalues.k∑i=1(λκ 1-λi) ≤ 1/n[4l(n 2l-2)]1/2{k∑i=1(λκ 1-λi)1/2λil-1/l k∑i=1(λκ 1-λi)1/2λ1/li}1/2.This ineguality is independent of the domain D. Furthermore, for any l ≥ 3 the above inequality is better than all the known results. Our rusults are the natural generalization of inequalities corresponding to the case l = 2 considered by Qing-Ming Cheng and Hong-Cang Yang. When l = 1, our inequalities imply a weaker form of Yang inequalities. We aslo reprove an implication claimed by Cheng and Yang.     

Congruences involving generalized central trinomial coefficients

For integers b and c the generalized central trinomial coefficient Tn(b,c)denotes the coefficient of xnin the expansion of(x2+bx+c)n.Those Tn=Tn(1,1)(n=0,1,2,...)are the usual central trinomial coefficients,and Tn(3,2)coincides with the Delannoy number Dn=n k=0n k n+k k in combinatorics.We investigate congruences involving generalized central trinomial coefficients systematically.Here are some typical results:For each n=1,2,3,...,we have n-1k=0(2k+1)Tk(b,c)2(b2-4c)n-1-k≡0(mod n2)and in particular n2|n-1k=0(2k+1)D2k;if p is an odd prime then p-1k=0T2k≡-1p(mod p)and p-1k=0D2k≡2p(mod p),where(-)denotes the Legendre symbol.We also raise several conjectures some of which involve parameters in the representations of primes by certain binary quadratic forms.     

NOTES ON GLAISHER＇S CONGRUENCES

Let p be an odd prime and let n≥1,k≥0 and r be integers,denote by Bk the kth Bernoulli number,It is proved that(i) If r≥1 is odd and suppose 1≥r+4,then ∑j=1^p-1 1/(np+j)^r=-(2n+1)r(r+1)/2(r+2)Bp-r-2p^2(mod p^3).(ii)If r≥2 is even and suppose p≥r+3, then p-1∑j=1 1/(np+j)^r=r/r+1Bv-r-1p(mod P^2).(iii) p-1∑j=1 1/(np+j)p-2=-(2n+1)p(mod P^2).This result generalizes the Glaisher‘s congruence. As a corollary, a generalization of the Wolsten-holme‘s theorem is obtained.     

Asymptotic Expansions of the Heat Kernel of the Laplacian for General Annular Bounded Domains with Robin Boundary Conditions：Further Results

The asymptotic expansions of the trace of the heat kernel θ(t)=∑^∞v=1^exp(-tλv) for small positive t,where {λv} are the eigenvalues of the negative Laplacian -△n=-∑^ni=1(D/Dx^1)^2 in R^2(n=2 or 3),are studied for a general annular bounded domain Ω with a smooth inner boundary DΩ1 and a smooth outer boundary DΩ2,where a finite number of piecewise smooth Robin boundary conditions(D/Dnj γh)Ф=0 on the components Гj(j= 1,...,m) of (DΩ1 and on the components Гj (j=k 1,…,m) of of DΩ2 are considered such that DΩl=U^kj=lГj and DΩ2= U^m=k 1Гj and where the coefficients γj(j=1,...,m) are piecewise smooth positive functions. Some applications of θ(t) for an ideal gas enclosed in the general annular bounded domain Ω are given. Further results are also obtained.     

HARNACK ESTIMATES FOR WEAK SOLUTIONS OF EQUATIONS OF NON-NEWTONIAN POLYTROPIC FILTRATION

51. IntroductionIn this paper we investigate the local behavior of nonnegative weak solutions for theequations of non-Newtonian polytropic filtrationac -- div(IDumlp--'Dam) = 0,m(p -- 1) < 1,m > 0,p > l, in D'(flT),u E CI..(0, T; L?o.(n)), urn E Lro.(0, T; WI:)l(fl)), (1.1)where n is an open set of R", N 2 1, 0 < T < ool fiT ~ fix (0, T), and D ~ (k,', e).Equation (1.1) appears in a number of applications to describe the evolution of diffusion.The evolution HLaplacian equationut ~ …     

ON THE GENERALIZED GLAISHER-HONG'S CONGRUENCES

Recently Hong Shaofang$^{[6]}$ has investigated the sums $\sum_{j=1}^{p-1}\limits (np+j)^{{-r}}$ (with an odd prime number $p\geq 5$ and $n , r \in {\bold N}$) by Washington's $p$-adic expansion of these sums as a power series in $n$ where the coefficients are values of $p$-adic $L$-fuctions$^{[12]}$. Herethe author shows how a more general sums $\sum_{j=1}^{p^{l}-1}\limits {(np^{l}+j)}^{{-r}},l \in {\bold N}$, may be studied by elementary methods.     

带有振动系数的一类高阶中立型非线性受迫微分方程的振动准则

在本文中,我们获得形如[y(t) l∑j=1pj(t)y(σj(t))](n) ∫0q(t,s)f(y(t s))dσ(s)=h(t)的带有振动系数的一类高阶中立型非线性受迫微分方程的振动准则.     

有关广义中心三项式系数的3个超同余式

设b,c为整数,定义广义中心三项式系数Tn(b,c)=[xn](x2+bx+c)n=「n/2」∑k=0(n2k)(2kk)bn-2kck(n∈N={0,1,…}),这里[xn]P(x)表示多项式P(x)中xn项的系数.特别地,中心Delannoy多项式Dn(x)=Tn(2x+1,x2+x)(n ∈ N),中心三项式系数...     

Best approximation and de la Vallée-Poussin sums

For the class C_ε={f∈C_2π: E_n, n≤Z₊} where \(\left\{ {\varepsilon _n } \right\}_{n \in Z_ + } \) is a sequence of numbers tending monotonically to zero, we establish the following precise (in the sense of order) bounds for the error of approximation by de la Vallée-Poussin sums: (1) $$c_1 \sum\nolimits_{j = n}^{2\left( {n + l} \right)} {\frac{{\varepsilon _j }}{{l + j - n + 1}}} \leqslant \mathop {\sup }\limits_{f \in C_\varepsilon } \left\| {f - V_{n, l} \left( f \right)} \right\|_C \leqslant c_2 \sum\nolimits_{j = n}^{2\left( {n + l} \right)} {\frac{{\varepsilon _j }}{{l + j - n + 1}}} \left( {n \in N} \right)$$ , where c₁ and c₂ are constants which do not depend on n orl. This solves the problem posed by S. B. Stechkin at the Conference on Approximation Theory (Bonn, 1976) and permits a unified treatment of many earlier results obtained only for special classes C_ε of (differentiable) functions. The result (1) substantially refines the estimate (see [1]) (2) $$\left\| {V_{n, l} \left( f \right) - f} \right\|_C = O\left( {\log {n \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {n {\left( {l + 1} \right) + 1}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\left( {l + 1} \right) + 1}}} \right) E_n \left[ f \right] \left( {n \to \infty } \right)$$ and includes as particular cases the estimates of approximations by Fejér sums (see [2]) and by Fourier sums (see [3]).     

强相依高斯序列对高水平超过的弱收敛

设{Xn}为标准化非平稳高期序列，rij=cov(Xi,Xj),Nn为{Xn}对水平un=x/an bn的超过数形成的点过程。当rijlog(j-i)→r∈（0，∞),(j-i→ ∞),且n→∞时，点过程Nn依分布收敛到Cox-过程。     

三角代数上Jordan积为幂等元处的高阶ξ-Lie可导映射

设u=Tri(A,M,B)是三角代数,{φn}n∈N:u→u是一列线性映射.本文利用代数分解的方法,证明了如果对任意U,V∈u且U。V=P为标准幂等元,有φn([U,V]ξ)=Σi+j=n(φi(U)φj(V)-ξφi(V)φj(U))(ξ≠±1),则{φn}n∈N是一个高阶导子,其中φ0=id为恒等映射,UoV=UV+VU为Jordan积,[U,V]ξ=UV-ξVU为ξ-Lie积.     

Annulation et pureté des groupes de cohomologie rigide associés à des sommes exponentielles

We show a purity property for the rigid cohomology groups associated to exponential sums on a smooth and affine variety. For this purpose, we compare these groups with the p-adic Banach spaces of Dwork's theory constructed by Adolphson and Sperber [1].     

A polynomial <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic dynamical system

We completely describe the Siegel discs and attractors for the p-adic dynamical system f(x) = x ²ⁿ⁺¹ + axⁿ⁺¹ on the space of complex p-adic numbers.     

一类中立型高维周期微分系统的周期解

本文考虑中立型高维周期系统：其中（L,x）∈R×R~n,A（t,x）为连续函数矩阵,x_t∈C（[-γ,0],R~n）,x_t（θ）＝x（t十θ）,θ∈[-r,0],记C＝C（[-r,0］,R~n）,f：R×C→R~n连续,且A（t＋T,X）＝A（t,x）,T,r＞c∈R,本文用不动点方法研究此系统,得到了其周期解存在的充分性条件,所得结果推广、改进了文［1－3］中相应结论．     

单个生成元Walsh p-进制平移不变空间伸缩的交与并

p-进制MRA与GMRA是构造L~2(R_+)中小波框架的重要工具. L~2(R+)中嵌套子空间序列交集为{0},并集为L~2(R_+)是其构成p-进制MRA与GMRA的基本要求.本文研究单个生成元Walsh p-进制平移不变子空间伸缩的交与并,证明了:对任意单个生成元Walsh p-进制平移不变子空间,其p-进制伸缩的交是{0};若生成元分为Walsh p-细分函数,则其p-进制伸缩的并是L~2(R_+)中一个Walshp-进制约化子空间.特别地,其伸缩构成L~2(R_+)中p-进制GMRA当且仅当∪_(j∈z)p~j supp(■φ)=R+,其中■为定义在L~2(R_+)上的Walsh p-进制傅里叶变换.值得注意的是:形式上,我们的结果类似于通常L~2(R)的情形,然而其证明不是平凡的.这是因为定义在R_+上的p-进制加法"⊕"不同于定义在R上的通常加法"+".