矩量法研究平面波导点缺陷引起的散射损耗

对平面波导工艺过程里出现的点缺陷,如气泡、灰尘颗粒等对平面波导内光场造成的散射提供了一种简单而又实用的计算方法。计算基于格林函数方法,并利用矩量法求解积分方程,采用分块矩阵优化算法,使得算法的计算时间直接与点缺陷大小相关,提高了效率。证明了一定大小的点缺陷在特定的波长处会产生很大的散射损耗,证明点缺陷的散射损耗依赖于缺陷大小和光学性质而与其在波导中的位置无直接关系。以二氧化硅平面波导为例,分析了对中心波长1．55μm的入射光场,分别存在气泡和灰尘颗粒两种点缺陷时,散射损耗随点缺陷大小的关系特性,指出工艺过程特别应该避免某些孔径的点缺陷。     

基于快速蒙特卡罗的散射介质光学参量干涉测量方法研究

提出了一种散射介质光学参量的干涉测量方法.在蒙特卡罗数值模拟的基础上引入聚焦高斯光源模型和基于比例缩放的压缩算法,实现了对光子后向散射分布和干涉特性的快速模拟.利用计算数据训练了前向人工神经网络进行了介质光学参量的反向求解.实验中以脂肪乳注射剂和生物染色剂印度墨水组成的悬混液为样本,通过光学干涉系统测量得到了后向散射光依赖于深度的干涉光强分布,并对其中散射和吸收系数进行了反向计算.所得结果能够正确反映散射和吸收系数与散射和吸收物质浓度之间的线性关系,验证了该方法的可行性.     

基于快速蒙特卡罗的散射介质光学参量干涉测量方法研究

提出了一种散射介质光学参量的干涉测量方法. 在蒙特卡罗数值模拟的基础上引入聚焦高斯光源模型和基于比例缩放的压缩算法, 实现了对光子后向散射分布和干涉特性的快速模拟. 利用计算数据训练了前向人工神经网络进行了介质光学参量的反向求解. 实验中以脂肪乳注射剂和生物染色剂印度墨水组成的悬混液为样本, 通过光学干涉系统测量得到了后向散射光依赖于深度的干涉光强分布, 并对其中散射和吸收系数进行了反向计算. 所得结果能够正确反映散射和吸收系数与散射和吸收物质浓度之间的线性关系, 验证了该方法的可行性.     

随机起伏冰面三维声散射的Kirchhoff近似数值计算模型

针对随机起伏冰面的声散射问题,建立了随机起伏冰面三维声散射的Kirchhoff近似数值计算模型.利用Delaunay三角剖分方法对随机起伏冰面进行三角面元剖分,然后采用Z-buffer算法进行面元的遮挡消隐,得到处于声波照射亮区的面元,最后采用Gordon面元积分的板块元方法计算得到随机起伏冰面的散射强度.数值计算模型...     

基于模式分离的兰姆波逆时偏移成像

应用频率域逆时偏移方法实现各向同性和各向异性板中缺陷的兰姆波成像.由于缺陷引起的多模态散射信号会在重建图像中形成伪像,根据基本导波模式振动对称性的差别进行了模式分离预处理.基于多元阵列超声技术,开展了铝板和复合板内缺陷频率域逆时偏移超声成像方法的数值仿真研究.首先,建立有限元模型,采用环形传感器数值采集由缺陷引起的兰姆波散射信号,然后,将采集到的多模式散射信号进行模式分离处理,再将模式分离后的兰姆波散射信号经时间反转后并在相应的接收器处重新激励,在频域中运用格林函数反向传播兰姆波散射信号,获取监测区域的声场信息,与正向传播声场进行互相关,重建缺陷图像.首先对铝板中单缺陷以及复合材料板中相邻的两个相同缺陷进行数值仿真,对比有无模式分离处理的缺陷逆时偏移成像效果,体现出模式分离的重要性.在此基础上,采用逆时偏移方法对复合板材内位置邻近、深度不同的双缺陷进行识别.数值结果表明,模式分离预处理后的缺陷重建图像能够有效去除多模式干扰产生的伪像.文中提出的成像方法对各向同性板和各向异性板内缺陷的检测和成像具有很好的发展潜力,可以准确地探测多个缺陷的形状、尺寸和深度.     

用于缺陷定量的超声散射信号去相关分析及贝叶斯反演方法

针对结构中缺陷定量识别问题,建立了椭圆缺陷超声散射仿真模型,研究了缺陷偏转角度及尺寸对散射信号去相关特性的影响.结果表明,超声信号去相关系数矩阵与缺陷几何状态(如尺寸及角度)存在很大关联性,但并非线性相关.结合参数化有限元分析与贝叶斯理论,发展了一种基于超声散射信号去相关分析的缺陷反演方法,开展了缺陷反演数值仿真及检测...     

Compton散射对磁化等离子体光子晶体缺陷模密温特性的影响

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和有限时域差分法,对Compton散射对磁化等离子体光子晶体缺陷模密温特性的影响进行了理论分析和数值模拟。结果表明,与Compton散射前的情况相比,Compton散射使低温低频处光子禁带中存在缺陷模的明显度降低,缺陷模频率增大,缺陷模和透射率峰值减小;使高温高频处缺陷模和透射率峰值、缺陷模频率显著增大,禁带宽减小,缺陷模位置向高频方向移动。随着电子密度的增大,散射减小了禁带增大效应和缺陷模减小效应,增强了缺陷模频率增大效应;随着电子密度的降低,散射增强了禁带变窄效应、缺陷模峰值增大效应和缺陷模频率减小效应。利用Compton散射,可实现对缺陷模密温特性的有效控制。     

High Energy Proton-Proton Elastic Scattering in Reggeon-Pomeron Exchange Model

We initially propose a Reggeon-Pomeron exchange model to describe proton-proton elastic scattering at high energies in this short paper. A calculation for total cross section of proton-proton elastic scattering at high energies is performed without any free parameters. Our new finding from this work is that the Reggeon-Pomeron model gives a perfect fit to experimental data of the total cross section at the whole energy region where experimental data exist.     

Analytical description of the electrodynamic properties of metallic photonic crystals

A method of approximate calculation of the interaction inverse matrix in the method of discrete dipoles is proposed. The knowledge of this matrix makes it possible to determine the optical response of a system to the action of an electromagnetic wave with an arbitrary shape, which can be represented as a combination of vector spherical wave functions. The number of calculation operations of the matrix in the proposed method is considerably smaller than in the case of its direct calculation. In the case of a change in the refractive index of scattering particles, two methods of approximate calculation of the interaction inverse matrix are also proposed. This makes it possible to calculate the optical response of systems with new characteristics without direct solving equations of a system with a large dimension. The accuracy of the methods is numerically determined for particles with spherical and cubic shapes. It is shown that the methods are computationally efficient and can be used to calculate the values of polarization vectors inside particles and extinction and absorption cross sections of systems.     

各向异性焊缝中超声相控阵瞬态声场仿真及缺陷定位方法

针对多层各向异性奥氏体不锈钢焊缝中超声相控阵瞬态声场的仿真问题,提出应用高斯声束等效点源模型计算宽带离散化的多个单频稳态声场,通过傅里叶变换将其拓展为瞬态声场,并分析了声场转换过程的主要影响参数.该方法可快速计算焊缝内部超声相控阵聚焦声场的瞬态能量分布和任意一点的时域波形信号.在此基础上针对多层奥氏体不锈钢焊缝内部缺陷...     

Optimized light-matter interaction and defect hole placement in photonic crystal cavity sensors

Photonic crystal slab cavities were investigated for increased light-matter interaction based on selective placement of sublattice hole sized defect holes inside L3 cavities. A multiple-hole defect (MHD) consisting of three defect holes placed in the regions of highest cavity mode field intensity were demonstrated through finite-difference time-domain simulations and experiments to exhibit the strongest light-matter interaction without introducing significant scattering losses. Compared to an L3 cavity without defect holes, these strategically designed three-hole MHD cavities presented higher quality factor and more than double the resonance wavelength shift upon exposure to a thin oxide and two small chemical molecules.     

On the description of the antiferromagnetism without anomalous averages

A trial function describing the ground state of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet without introducing the anomalous averages (magnetic sublattices) is proposed. The corresponding calculations are carried out explicitly. Various method of experimental investigation of the antiferromagnetic state (elastic and inelastic neutron scattering, NMR) are discussed. It is demonstrated that the introduction of the anomalous averages, although simplifying the calculation, does not influence the observable physical quantities.     

Efficient wave scattering analysis for damaged cylindrical waveguides

This paper addresses scattering effects at arbitrarily shaped defects in waveguides with finite cross-sections. The main subject is to predict scattered wavefields induced by an incident wavefield in order to localize and characterize damages. The numerical approach involves the solution of a boundary value problem in combination with a decomposition method of scattered wavefields. In order to investigate mode conversion phenomena at defects, a boundary element model of the damaged waveguide section is built up. Implementation of the Boundary Element Method based on the elastodynamic boundary integral equation and the Waveguide Finite Element Method allows for a numerically efficient calculation of scattering coefficients. For defect characterization and mode sensitivity analysis, various types of surface opening defects as well as shear fractures are considered. Numerical results are presented for cylindrical waveguides and are verified experimentally.     

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应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和分段电流密度卷积时域有限差分法,将入射光和Compton 散射光作为形成缺陷模的机制,研究了Compton散射对具有单一缺陷模的时变磁化等离子体光子晶体缺陷模的影响.结果表明:与Compton散射前相比,入射光频率低于等离子体频率时,禁带中仍存在明显的缺陷模,其频率随等离子体驰豫时间的增大而缓慢增大;等离子体弛豫时间相等时,等离子体均匀分布的禁带透射系数峰值比Epstein分布时小,两者的缺陷模特征都比较明显,但两者的禁带宽度及缺陷模之间的区别明显减小.     

Optical Cross-Sections of Soot Agglomerates: The model of the virtual refractive index and first-order multiple scattering

A new technique for the calculation of the optical properties of agglomerated spherical primary particles is presented. By means of the so-called virtual refractive index, the multiple scattering within the agglomerate is decribed by a modified Mie solution, thus avoiding restrictions with respect to the primary particle size. An additional benefit of the method is the small numerical expense required, permitting practical use for complex agglomerate structures such as real combustion aerosols. Utilizing this method, attention is focused on the calculation of the extinction cross-section of real combustion aerosols in order to discuss the results of multiple-wavelength extinction measurements within combustion systems. It is found that approximately the primary particle diameter is determined. Furthermore, the error that occurs can be avoided by means of the method presented without a detailed knowledge of the agglomerate size. Thus, the present work eliminates some current uncertainties inherent in optical combustion aerosol characterization.     

Difference scattering field properties between periodic defect particles and three-dimensional slightly rough optical surface

Based on the practical situation of nondestructive examination, the calculation model of the composite scattering is established by using a three-dimensional half-space finite difference time domain, and the Monte Carlo method is used to solve the problem of the optical surface with roughness in the proposed scheme. Moreover, the defect particles are observed as periodic particles for a more complex situation. In order to obtain the scattering contribution of defects inside the optical surface, a difference radar cross section is added into the model to analyze the selected calculations on the effects of numbers, separation distances, different depths and different materials of defects. The effects of different incident angles are also discussed. The numerical results are analyzed in detail to demonstrate the best position to find the defects in the optical surface by detecting in steps of a fixed degree for the incident angle.     

Mie散射物理量的数值计算

介绍Ｍｉｅ散射物理量，如振幅函数，强度函数，偏振度，散射系数，消光系数和吸收系数等的数值计算法，给出这一算法的计算公式和运行时间，并与其它Ｍｉｅ散射物理量计算算法进行比较。     

A Monte Carlo approach for the calculation of polarized light: application to an incident narrow beam

Monte Carlo approaches to compute multiple scattering of polarized light are examined. A Backward Monte Carlo (BMC) method is developed to solve the Stokes vector of the multiple scattered light for an inhomogeneous scattering medium with boundaries. A generalized form of the BMC method in vector notation is proposed. This method can determine the scattered light with sufficient accuracy in both intensity and polarization compared to the same calculation using the doubling-adding method for a plane parallel medium.For application to a narrow incident beam and an inhomogeneous medium, a modified BMC method is developed, borrowing a concept from the Forward Monte Carlo (FMC) method for the first scattering events. Furthermore, a modification of the total scattering matrix, i.e., the combination of the derived scattering matrix with its time inverse, is discussed. This BMC method can be used successfully for model calculations of lidar and other laser measurements of polarized light.     

利用扩散场信息的超声兰姆波全聚焦成像

利用兰姆波的扩散场信号,实现了距离传感器较近缺陷的全聚焦成像.通过两传感器接收的扩散场全矩阵信号进行互相关,恢复出两传感器之间的格林函数响应,重建新的全矩阵.该重建全矩阵削弱了直接耦合采集响应信号中存在的早期饱和非线性效应信号,恢复了被遮盖的近距离缺陷散射信号.在含缺陷的各向同性铝板中激发兰姆波,重建信号的早期信息与直接俘获信号的后期信息相结合形成混合全矩阵,结合全聚焦成像,优化成像效果.所提方法为薄板类结构中距离传感器较近缺陷的兰姆波无损检测提供了理论指导.