石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定有机锗饮品中锗

运用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定有机锗饮品中有机锗和无机锗的含量，并对试验条件的优化进行了探索，对总锗的测定只作简单的稀释，应用钯作为基体改进剂，提高了检测灵敏度和回收率，有机锗和无机锗回收率分别在97％－99％和95％－103％之间，RSD均小于5．0％。方法简便、快速、重复性好。     

有机锗倍半硫化物的合成及性质研究

为了系统地研究有机锗倍半硫化物的抗癌活性, 寻找更有效的抗癌药物, 合成了15个有机锗倍半硫化物(GeCH2CHRCONHAr)2S3, 并以此类化合物为模型化合物研究了有机锗倍半硫化物的化学性质. 用IR, HNMR证实了它们的组成和结构, 还研究了它们的水解反应以及与盐酸, 氢溴酸的反应.     

合成有机锗倍半硫化物的新方法

有机锗倍半硫化物的合成是有机锗抗癌药物研究中的热点之一。在路易斯碱(如吡啶或三乙胺)存在下,经有机锗三氯化物溶液中通干燥的硫化氢气体制得有机锗倍半硫化物的方法有许多缺点,如无法计算吸收的硫化氢的量、设备复杂、操作困难并产生硫化氢臭味和毒性。我们用无水硫化钠直接与有机锗三氯化物作用即可得到有机锗倍半硫化物。利用此法合成了8种有机锗倍半硫化物:     

有机锗化合物的合成及其生物活性

讨论了有机锗化合物在国内外的进展。按制备方法分类,重点介绍了烃基锗化合物、螺锗及其衍生物、有机锗倍半氧化物、有机锗倍半硫化物、介吗川类有机锗化合笔挺人有生物活性的化合物。     

具有生物活性的有机锗化合物研究

着重综述了国内对具有生物活性的有机锗化合物的研究进展,包括:有机锗倍半氧化物以及含磷、硅、硒、硫有机锗化合物的研究状况。     

有机锗倍半氧化物及倍半硫化物的合成

有机锗化合物具有广谱药理活性,特别是抗肿瘤活性,其中有机锗倍半氧化物和倍半硫化物具有显著的抗癌活性。在我国这方面的研究却很少,为进一步研究有机锗的药理活性,我们合成了未见报道的一系列有机锗倍半氧化物和倍半硫化物,并分离了它们的中间体。     

补益中药的抗癌作用与有机锗

有机锗广泛存在于某些中药中，某些补益中药所含有机锗对抗癌有积极意义，为人们辨病选药提供了相应依据，用补益中益治疗肝癌收到良好效果。重点讨论了补益中药所含有机锗的抗癌作用机理。     

3-取代苯基-3-三氯锗基丙酸的合成

作者曾综述过某些有机锗化合物具有广谱药理活性,并报道了有机锗倍半氧化物,及有机锗的倍半硫化物的合成。已发表的专利证明其中一大类具有生物活性的有机锗化合物具有抗癌活性,放射增敏作用,杀菌作用,酶分解抑制作用等。而这类化合物的合成均经过3-三氯锗基丙酸中间体。本文用三氯锗烷与取代肉桂酸反应,合成了尚未见报道的新化合物,3-取代苯基-3-三氯锗基丙酸活性中间体1～14。它的合成为一系列不同种类具有生物活性的有机锗化合物的开发研究提供了重要的中间体。     

三苯基锗二硫代氨基甲酸酯的合成及表征

近年来 ,人们相继合成了有机锗倍半硫化物、有机锗硫杂环戊酮、含硫的螺环有机锗等化合Scheme1　 Synthetic route of compound物[1,2 ] .但烃基锗二硫代氨基甲酸酯类化合物尚未见报道 .我们 [3,4 ] 发现 ,有机锡二硫代氨基甲酸酯类化合物有很强的生物活性 .鉴于有机锗化合物比有机锡化合物毒性低得多 ,且副作用小 ,我们以三苯基氯化锗和二硫代氨基甲酸盐为原料 ,合成了一系列新型的有机锗含硫衍生物 (反应式如Scheme1所示 ) ,并对其结构进行了表征 ,初步生物活性测试结果表明 ,部分化合物显示出较强的抗癌活性 .1　实　　验1 .1　仪器与…     

四配位有机锗化合物的红外光谱表征

对 ３０ 多年所发表的四配位有机锗 化合物的红外光谱进行了综合 评论。即对饱和烃基 锗、不饱和 烃基锗、有机锗卤化 合物、倍半氧锗化合 物、其它这五类 有机锗化 合物的红 外光谱作 了系统的 归纳，对光谱特征进行了总结     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers. Volume II. Edited by C. B radley M oore
Laser Spectroscopy III, Springer Series in Optical Spectroscopy. Volume 7. Edited by J. L. H all and J. L. C arlsten
Photosynthesis. Second Edition, D. O. H all and K. K. R ao
The Amphibian Visual System. Edited by K atherine V. F ite
The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seed Dormancy and Germination. Edited by A. A. K han
Phytochrome and Plant Growth. Studies in Biology NO. 68. Edited by R. E. K endrick and B. F rankland
The Science of Photobiology. Edited by K endric C. S mith
Photosensitized Reactions, By M. K oizumi , S. K ato , N. M ataga , T. M atsuura and Y. U sui
Bioenergetics of Membranes, Edited by L. P acker , G. C. P apageorgiou and A. T rebst     

Kinetics of solid state thermal decomposition reactions

The author wishes to thank Prof. C. G. R. Nair, Dr. V. R. Gowarikar, Mr. M. R. Kurup and Dr. K. V. C. Rao for their encouragements. Thanks are due to Prof. P. M. Madhusudanan and Dr. K. Krishnan for helpful discussions and to Director, VSSC for the kind permission to publish this work.     

Bemerkungen zu den „Viskositätstheorien“ von K. C. Sen,N. R. Dhar und Mitarbeitern

Ohne Zusammenfassung K. C. Sen, Koll.-Zeitschr.38, 253 (1926); D. N. Chakravarti u. N. R. Dhar, Journ.Phys. Chem.29, 1556 (l925);30, 1646 (1926); Zeitschr. f. anorg. Chem.152, 393 (1926); D. N. Chakravarti u. N. R. Dhar, Koll.-Zeitschr.42, 124 (1927); N. R. Dhar, D. N. Chakravarti u. M.N.Chakravarti, Koll.-Zeitschr.44 225 (1928).     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
The Effects of Constant Light on Visual Processes. Edited by T. P. W illiams and B. N. B aker . Plenum Press, New York, 1980. 455 pp. $45.00.
Radiation Biology and Chemistry: Research Developments. Edited by H. E. E dwards , S. N avaratnam , B. J. P arsons and G. O. P hillips . Elsevier Scientific, Amsterdam, 1979. 505 pp. $78.00     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Chemistry of Atmospheres, An introduction to the chemistry of the atmospheres of Earth, the planets and their satellites .Edited by Richard P. Wayne
Advances in Photochemistry , vol.13 Edited by D. H. Volman, K. Gollnick and G. S. Hammond.
Multiple Photon Infrared Laser Photophysics and Photochemistry . V. N. Bagratashvili, V. S. Leto-khov, A. A. Makarov and E. A. Ryabov.     

BOOK REVIEW

Structure and Bonding , Volume 41, Edited by J. D. D unitz , J. B. G oodenough , P. H emmerich , J. A. I bers , C. K. J ørgensen , J. B. N eilands , D. R einen and R. J. P. W illiams .     

Electrophoresis of spheres with uniform zeta potential in a gel modeled as an effective medium

The effective medium model [H.C. Brinkman, Appl. Sci. Res. A 1 (1947) 27] is used to calculate the electrophoretic mobility of spheres in a gel with uniform zeta potential on their surface. In the absence of a gel support medium or ion relaxation (the distortion of the ion atmosphere from equilibrium due to the presence of an external flow or electric field), our results reduce to those of Henry [D.C. Henry, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 133 (1931) 106]. The relaxation effect can be ignored for weakly charged particles, or for particles with low absolute zeta potential. Using a procedure similar to that employed by O'Brien and White [R.W. O'Brien, L.R. White, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2 74 (1978) 1607], the relaxation effect is accounted for in the present work and results are presented over a wide range of particle sizes, gel concentrations, and zeta potentials in KCl salt solutions. In the limit of no gel, our results reduce to those of earlier investigations. The procedure is then applied to the mobility of Au nanoparticles in agarose gels and model results are compared to recent experiments [D. Zanchet, C.M. Micheel, W.J. Parak, D. Gerion, S.C. Williams, A.P. Alivisatos, J. Phys. Chem. B 106 (2002) 11758; T. Pons, H.T. Uyeda, I.L. Medintz, H. Mattoussi, J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (2006) 20308]. Good agreement with experiment is found for reasonable choices of the model input parameters.     

A study of sorption and decomposition of ozone on microfibrous filtering materials

Decomposition of ozone on commercial and pilot filtering microfibrous materials based on polymers, glass fibers, and carbonized polymeric fibers was studied. Original Russian Text A.I. Klimuk, L.A. Obvintseva, A.D. Shepelev, V.L. Kuchaev, M.P. Dmitrieva, E.N. Ushakova, A.K. Avetisov, 2008, published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, 2008, Vol. 81, No. 4, pp. 593–597.     

Mass selective gas phase study of ClO, OClO, ClOO and ClAr by anion-ZEKE-photoelectron spectroscopy

Anion-ZEKE-photoelectron spectra of ClO-, OClO-, ClOO- and the van der Waals cluster ArCl- have been measured. Refined or new values for the electron affinity of ClO, OClO and ClOO have been found. The peak positions in these spectra are in very good agreement with former ClO- and OClO- anion-photoelectron spectra (K. M. Gilles, M. L. Polak and W. C. Lineberger, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 96, 8012) and a recent ArCl- anion-ZEKE spectrum (T. Lenzer, I. Yourshaw, M. Furlanetto, G. Reiser and D. Neumark, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 110, 9578). The higher resolution of our anion-ZEKE-photoelectron spectrum of OClO- led to a refined assignment of the corresponding anion-photoelectron spectrum. In addition, a strong difference in the relative intensities of the vibrational peaks has been found in the anion-ZEKE-spectrum of OClO- in comparison with the anion-photoelectron spectrum. For the first time, mass selective spectroscopic information has been obtained for ClOO. The strong similarity to the ArCl- spectrum indicates a weakly bound van der Waals cluster Cl.O2. Binding energies of the anion, neutral ground and neutral excited state could be deduced. These are in good agreement with the electron affinities of Cl and ClOO, but differ from theoretical values (K. A. Peterson and H. J. Werner, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 96, 8948) by a factor of 4.5 and from thermochemically determined values (J. M. Nicovich, K. D. Kreutter, C. J. Shackelford and P. H. Wine, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1991, 179, 367 and S. Baer, H. Hippler, R. Rahn, M. Siefke, N. Seitzinger and J. Troe, J. Chem. Phys., 1991, 95, 6463) by a factor of 9.