横向交、直流电流对蓝青铜K0.3MoO3的I-V特性的调制效应

通过I-V特性测量，研究了横向交、直流电流对蓝青铜K_0.3MoO₃中电荷密度波(CDW)动力学行为的影响.实验结果表明，无论是直流还是交流，随着横向调制电流的增大，CDW滑移的阈值电场均会相应地减小；但横向交流电流的调制效应较小，可能更接近本征的效应.考察了横向交流电流的调制效应与其频率的依赖关系. 关键词： 0.3MoO₃单晶')" href="#">K_0.3MoO₃单晶 电荷密度波 横向电流调制效应     

Non-equilibrium transport in NbSe3: Effects of a temperature gradient

We have measured the dc response characteristics of NbSe₃ in the charge density wave (CDW) state, in the presence of an applied temperature gradient. The threshold field E_T for the onset of nonlinear conduction remains sharp, and is determined by the average temperature of the specimen. No change is observed in the amplitude or quality factor of the coherent current oscillations in the nonlinear conductivity region, other than that expected from a change in average temperature. We interpret our results as evidence for macroscopic dynamical coherence throughout the specimen.     

Quasiperiodic noise voltage and metastability in the charge density wave conductivity of K0.30MoO3

Slow relaxation phenomena as well as quasiperiodic noise have been studied in the non linear regime of conductivity which takes place above a well defined threshold electric field in the semiconducting incommensurate phase of the quasi one-dimensional blue bronze K_0.30MoO₃. The noise frequencies are found to be proportional to the excess current attributed to the charge density wave (CDW). In some temperature range, the CDW current is found to decrease logarithmically vs time. These results indicate the presence of metastable states related to domains and domain walls.     

Current induced deformation of charge density waves in orthorhombic TaS3

The low electric field ohmic resistance R of orthorhombic TaS₃ measured at 90 and 120 K well below the Peierls transition temperature depends on the product of a temperature difference ΔT applied along the sample and the sign of a previously applied current pulse if this pulse is larger than threshold for non-ohmic conductivity. This resistance change is about ΔR/RΔT ∽ 1×10^-3 K^-1 for a pure sample and ΔR/RΔT ∽ 6×10^-3 K^-1 for a slightly electron irradiated one at 90 K. The relative resistance change is insensitive to the sample length. We deduce that the CDW current changes inhomogeneously the Peierls gap E_g. ΔE_g < O at the contact where the CDW current enters and ΔE_g > O at the exit. The effect is attributed to a CDW current induced inhomogeneous deformation of the CDW itself.     

Thermal expansion measurements of the quasi-one-dimensional conductor K0.30MoO3

The charge density wave (CDW) dynamics of the quasi-one-dimensional conductor K_0.30MoO₃ shows two different regimes depending on the temperature: a strongly damped CDW motion above ∼50 K and CDW motion with almost no damping below ∼50 K. In a search for a characterization of this CDW behaviour, we performed thermal expansion measurements on K_0.30MoO₃ single crystals in the temperature range 4-250 K. In addition to the anomaly observed at the Peierls transition at 180 K along the [102] direction, an anomaly is observed at ∼50 K along the [−201] and [102] directions. The results are discussed in relation with the change in the CDW rigidity at ∼50 K.     

Charge density wave transport in NbSe<Subscript>3</Subscript> at low temperatures under high magnetic field

Charge density wave (CDW) depinning and sliding regimes have been studied in NbSe₃ at low temperatures down to 1.5 K under magnetic field of 19 T oriented along the c-axis. We found that the threshold field for CDW depinning becomes temperature independent below T ₀ ≈ 15 K. Also CDW current to frequency ratio characterizing CDW sliding regime increases by factor 1.7 below this temperature. The results are discussed as a crossover from thermal fluctuation to tunneling CDW depinning at T < T ₀. Besides, we found that CDW sliding strongly suppresses the amplitude of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations of magnetoresistance.     

Coupling of the CDW and the water mode in K2Pt(CN)4Br0.3⋯3.2H2O

In previous work we have observed the amplitude mode of the charge density wave (CDW) in K₂Pt(CN)₄Br_0.3?3.2H₂O (KCP) by means of Raman scattering. New measurements made on deuterated material, K₂Pt(CN)₄Br_0.3?3.2D₂O (KCP1), show the same mode but shifted from 44 to 38 cm_?1, maintaining the symmetry properties and temperature dependence of frequency and linewidth. This considerable isotope effect is interpreted in terms of a coupling of the CDW with the water stretching mode, which by the deuteration is shifted from 3494 cm^?1 in KCP to 2560 cm^?1 in KCP1 according to the change in atomic mass. Both of these modes exhibit A₁(z) symmetry. At 5 K the resulting decoupled frequency of the CDW amplitude mode is 57 cm^?1, and the coupling energy about 140 cm^?1. A discussion of the temperature dependence of various important quantities is given. The present results show that the water molecules, which are located in between the Pt chains are strongly involved in the eigenvector of the CDW amplitude mode.     

Spin- and charge-density-wave orders in La1.87Sr0.13Cu0.99Fe0.01O4

We have performed elastic neutron-scattering measurements on La_1.87Sr_0.13Cu_0.99Fe_0.01O₄ to study the magnetic impurity effects on the stripe correlations in high-T_c cuprates. Both charge-density-wave (CDW) and spin-density-wave (SDW) orders are observed in the low-temperature-orthorhombic (LTO) phase for the first time. With decreasing the temperature, CDW order first appears at followed by the SDW order at lower temperature of . The incommensurability for the CDW order (ε) was found to be 0.224±0.002 r.l.u., which is approximately twice of that for SDW order (δ) of 0.115±0.003 r.l.u. Both ordering sequence and relation of ε≈2δ are the same for SDW and CDW orders observed in the low-temperature-tetragonal (LTT) phase of La_1.60-xNd_0.4Sr_xCuO₄ (LNSCO), suggesting that the similar stripe correlations exist in the cuprate oxides, irrespective of crystal structure.     

Non-linear conductivity of monoclinic TaS3

Strongly non-ohmic conduction is observed in the semiconducting charge-density-wave (CDW) state of monoclinic TaS₃ above a very sharp threshold field. These features could be interpreted in terms of depinning or tunneling of pinned CDW under applied electric field. We also found that large noise appears with the onset of the non-linear conductivity and fades away as the current through the samples is increased, which behaves as the decreasing function of frequency.     

Broad band noise associated with the current carrying charge density wave state in TaS3

We report the observation of low frequency broad band noise in the current carrying charge density wave (CDW) state of orthorhombic TaS₃. The noise amplitude is proportional to the number of condensed electrons, and we suggest that the broad band noise reflects the dynamics of the internal deformations of the CDW condensate.     

Magnetic susceptibility of NbSe3 and TaSe3

The magnetic susceptibility of NbSe₃ shows a decrease beginning slightly above its upper charge density wave transition (CDW) of 144 K, but no change within our resolution near the 59 K transition. The change in the density of states at the Fermi level due to the upper transition is 0.14 states-eV/Nb. TaSe₃ on the other hand has a temperature independent susceptibility. In some cases the trichalcogenides are contaminated with their corresponding dichalcogenide. Such contamination can be observed by susceptibility measurements in the case of 2HTaSe₂ but not of 2HNbSe₂. We also report an anomaly in the susceptibility of 4HaNbSe₂, which suggests a CDW transition at 45 K.     

Harmonic and subharmonic shapiro steps in orthorhombic Tas3

Observation of harmonic and subharmonic Shapiro steps in orthorhombic TaS₃ in the presence of combined rf and dc drive is reported, demonstrating that both the harmonic and subharmonic steps are a general characteristic of charge-density-wave response. Compared to NbSe₃, the noise spectrum is typically much broader in TaS₃, leading to poorly defined steps at small rf voltages. The steps sharpen with larger amplitudes of rf. Increased rf amplitude is also accompanied by an increase in the CDW current density at a given step, but this increase approaches a limiting value for large rf levels. The results are interpreted as evidence for increased coherence of the CDW response in the presence of large rf driving fields.     

Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy of (TaSe4)2I

The vacuum ultraviolet photoemission spectra of quasi-one-dimensional charge density wave ( CDW ) system, (TaSe₄)₂I, were measured for photon energies between 32 and 100 eV at room temperature ( in the normal phase ) and at about 100 K ( in the CDW phase ). The spectrum of Ta 4f core-levels has shown no additional splitting due to the two different Ta sites. The spectra of the valence and conduction bands have revealed the resonant enhancement for the excitation of the Ta 5p core states, which demonstrates the remarkable hybridization of Ta 5d orbitals with Se 4p orbitals with binding energies smaller than 4 eV. In the CDW phase, the partial cross section decreases for both Ta 5d bands and Se 4p bands with Ta 5d components.     

Anomalous behavior of ultrasonic properties near 50 K in Rb0.30MoO3 and Rb0.30(Mo1−xVx)O3

Depending on the temperature, the charge density wave (CDW) nonlinear conductivity of the blue bronzes A_0.30MoO₃ (A=K, Rb) shows two different regimes: a strongly damped motion above ∼50 K and motion with almost no damping below ∼50 K. In a search for an elastic signature of this CDW behaviour, we performed ultrasonic measurements on Rb_0.30MoO₃ and Rb_0.30(Mo_1−xV_x)O₃ single crystals between 4 K and 300 K. In Rb_0.30MoO₃, at T∼50 K, upon cooling, a large increase of the sound velocity is observed. The ultrasonic attenuation coefficient shows an increase down to 50 K followed by a plateau. In Rb_0.30(Mo_1−xV_x)O₃ (x=0.4 at%) the anomaly broadens and is shifted towards higher temperatures. The results are discussed in terms of CDW glass.     

Mixing experiments in NbSe3

The response of NbSe₃ to combined a.c. and d.c. fields has been characterized at T = 125 K below the first charge-density wave (CDW) transition. The a.c. and d.c. conductances were measured, along with the rectification and harmonic mixing at megahertz frequencies due to the CDW non linearity. These experimental results are shown to be consistent with a revised tunneling theory of CDW depinning.     

Electron diffraction study of the charge-density wave superlattice in 2H-NbSe2

In addition to the well-known 3a₀ CDW superlattice, we have observed in 2H-NbSe₂ a 2a₀ superlattice and a well-defined elliptical contour of diffuse intensity between the 3a₀ CDW spots. The 2a₀ superlattice is indicative of a CDW formation through the saddle-point nesting on the Fermi-surface.     

The electronic structure of Fe1+xNb3-xSe10

Fe_1+xNb_3-xSe₁₀ has a crystal structure consisting of prismatic niobium chains and iron/niobium octahedral chains. A Charge Density Wave (CDW) has been observed at low temperatures, as might be expected from the similarity of the prismatic niobium chains to those present in NbSe₃. Here we report tight binding band structure calculations which indicate that the electrons responsible for conduction and the CDW reside primarily on the prismatic chains. The effects of disorder and stoichiometry in the iron/niobium octahedral chains on the electronic structure and CDW wave vector are discussed.     

Phase analysis of non-coherent processes in a moving CDW

Earlier it has been found that the signal produced by a moving CDW contains along with fundamental of narrow band frequency (ω₁) and its harmonics (ω_n) a non-coherent part—a lot of non-coherent oscillations. Due to a rather broad frequency range the power associated with non-coherent oscillations is comparable to or even greater than that for fundamental frequency, and hence, can play an essential role in CDW dynamics.     

Raman study of charge-density-wave phase transition in quasi-one-dimensional conductor (TaSe4)2I

Polarized Raman spectra were obtained in the quasi-one-dimensional conductor (TaSe₄)₂I above and below the charge-density-wave (CDW) transition temperature (T_c=263 K). The Raman intensities of many peaks become intenser and two of the phonon peaks shift to higher frequency with decreasing temperature. Moreover a new broad peak at about 90 cm^?1 and a new peak around 166 cm^?1 appear in the low-temperature phase. The polarization characteristic shows that the former is assigned to totally symmetric mode. The damping constant of the phonon at 90 cm^?1 increases markedly with increasing temperature. The frequency shifts to higher frequency as the temperature increases and the coupling coefficient is approximately proportional to (T_c?T)^{$\text{1}\text{2}$}. This peak becomes Raman active owing to the CDW phase transition. The temperature dependence of the damping constant and the frequency shift may have a relation to the dynamical properties of the CDW phase transition.