高效液相色谱法同时测定烟用水基胶中的甲醛和乙醛

建立了用高效液相色谱法同时测定卷烟胶中甲醛、乙醛的分析方法。卷烟胶用去离子水提取,在酸性条件下,经2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)衍生后,衍生物直接用HPLC法检测。结果表明:该方法的标准曲线在相关浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,甲醛、乙醛的检出限分别为3.6、6.2μg/L,阶醛、乙醛的样品回收率分别为98.38%~103.11%,89.37%~90.12%,相对标准偏差均小于6%。     

高效液相色谱法测定指甲油中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮

采用高效液相色谱法测定指甲油中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮的含量。样品用乙腈和水提取,2,4-二硝基苯肼为衍生剂,采用Kromasil-C18色谱柱为分离柱,以乙腈-水(65+35)溶液为流动相,在检测波长364nm处进行测定。甲醛、乙醛和丙酮的质量浓度均在0.01~20.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.001 5~0.003 5mg·L-1之间。加标回收率在88.6%~110%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.2%~9.7%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定卷烟爆珠中的甲醛与乙醛

基于自主设计的一种新型的集萃取、过滤和转移功能为一体的样品萃取管,建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定卷烟爆珠中甲醛和乙醛的分析方法。爆珠用乙腈水溶液萃取,在酸性条件下,经2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生化后,衍生物直接用HPLC法测定。结果表明:采用改进的样品萃取管可大大简化前处理步骤,甲醛和乙醛分别在8~1 500μg/L与10~1 650μg/L范围内呈较好的线性关系,相关系数(r~2)大于0.999,检出限分别为2.5、2.8μg/L,定量下限分别为8.0、9.5μg/L;在2.0、5.0、10.0μg/g 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为96.9%~101.1%,日内精密度和日间精密度均小于4%。该方法具有较好的重复性,适用于卷烟爆珠中甲醛和乙醛的测定。     

丹磺酰肼衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定包装纸中的甲醛和乙醛

建立了丹磺酰肼(DNSH)衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测测定包装纸中甲醛和乙醛的分析方法,并与2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)衍生法进行了比较。纸张样品经衍生化试剂振荡萃取30 min,衍生化反应24 h,萃取液经PSA/C18净化管净化处理后,以Diamonsil~ C18(2)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为固定相,用醋酸水溶液(pH2.55)-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱。采用荧光检测器检测,激发波长为330 nm,发射波长为484 nm。结果表明,衍生剂、甲醛-DNSH和乙醛-DNSH在20 min内可完全分离,方法的加标回收率为81.64%~106.78%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.02%~5.53%(n=5),甲醛和乙醛的检出限分别为19.2μg/kg和20.7μg/kg,定量限分别为63.9μg/kg和69.1μg/kg。该法操作简单,灵敏度高,比常规方法具有更低的检出限,能很好地应用到实际样品检测中,为低含量醛类化合物的检测提供了一种新思路。     

高效液相色谱法测定粮食制品中甲醛残留量

研究建立了一种用HPLC测定粮食制品中甲醛残留量的分析方法。样品中甲醛经60℃水浴提取,与2,4 二硝基苯肼衍生后,生成的2,4 二硝基苯腙经石油醚萃取净化,用HPLC DAD分离测定,外标法定量。最小检出质量浓度为5×10-11g,对于5g样品,最低检出量为0.01mg kg,样品回收率>80%,相对标准偏差≤10%,能满足残留量分析的要求。     

在线衍生-高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的游离甲醛

采用自动在线衍生-高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中游离甲醛的含量。样品经乙腈涡旋提取,以2,4-二硝基苯肼的乙腈-乙酸溶液为衍生液,在线衍生2min后,衍生物在Agilent C_(18)色谱柱上分离,以乙腈(65+35)溶液为流动相进行洗脱,用二极管阵列检测器测定,检测波长为355nm。甲醛线性范围为1.0~20.0mg·L~(-1),测定下限(10S/N)为50mg·kg~(-1)。加标回收率在83.0%~98.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.4%~7.8%之间。     

气相色谱法快速测定橡皮擦中的甲醛北大核心CSCD

采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L^(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L^(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg^(-1)之间。     

超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法测定水基胶中甲醛

本文建立了超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法(UPLC-TOF MS)测定水基胶中甲醛含量的分析方法。水基胶用去离子水进行振荡提取,经2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生后,衍生物直接用UPLC-TOF MS法检测。结果表明,检测甲醛的线性范围在0.0746~8.93mg/L之间,线性相关系数r2=0.9990,检出限为0.5mg/kg,平均加标回收率范围为94.43%~105.27%。样品重复8次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%。该方法灵敏度高、重复性好、定量准确,满足水基胶中甲醛的检测要求。     

直接衍生/高效液相色谱法分析水基胶中羰基化合物

建立了直接衍生/高效液相色谱分析水基胶中8种痕量羰基化合物(甲醛、乙醛、丙酮、丙烯醛、丙醛、丁烯醛、2-丁酮和丁醛)的方法.对影响分析效率的因素进行了考察,确定最佳衍生条件为:水基胶样品与2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生剂在40℃下反应20 min;最佳色谱分析条件为:采用DIONEX Acclaim Explosives E2...     

气相色谱法快速测定橡皮擦中的甲醛

采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L~(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg~(-1)之间。     

Simultaneous determination of formaldehyde and methylglyoxal in urine: involvement of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-mediated deamination in diabetic complications.

The deamination of methylamine and aminoacetone by semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) produces formaldehyde and methylglyoxal, respectively, which have been presumed to be involved in diabetic complications. A high-performance liquid chromatography procedure using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) as a derivatizing agent is developed to determine endogenous formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, malondialdehyde, and acetaldehyde. The devised DNPH method is sensitive enough to analyze aldehyde levels in urine. An increase in the excretion of formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, and malondialdehyde is confirmed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Following the chronic administration of methylamine, the urinary levels of both formaldehyde and malondialdehyde (a product from lipid peroxidation) are found to be substantially increased. A potent selective SSAO inhibitor, (E)-2-(4-fluorophenethyl)-3-fluoroallylamine hydrochloride (MDL-72974A), reduced the formation of formaldehyde, methylglyoxal, and malondialdehyde. The increase of the cytotoxic aldehyde levels as a result of increased SSAO-mediated deamination may occur in some pathological conditions.     

Improved measurement of formaldehyde in water-soluble polymers by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with post-column reaction detection

An improved methodology for the analysis of free formaldehyde in water-soluble polymers used for industrial water treatment is reported. Previously, derivatization prior to HPLC or colorimetric techniques has been used. The data generated by these approaches are suspect in that the derivatizing agent can react with the polymer or other sample components to produce high results. Post-column reaction derivatization is applied after separation of the free formaldehyde from the product interferences. The type of polymer product analyzed influences the choice of column(s). The degree of high bias of the commonly used 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine pre-column derivatization is reported and the results are compared to those with the post-column reaction for two polymer products. This method, being more selective, should be applicable to any polymer containing formaldehyde.     

An optimized method for the determination of volatile and semi-volatile aldehydes and ketones in ambient particulate matter

A method has been developed to measure aldehydes and ketones associated with atmospheric particles. Carbonyl compounds from particulate material collected on Teflon-coated glass-fiber filters were simultaneously extracted and derivatized with an appropriate 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) solution. The efficiency of this procedure utilizing various 2,4-DNPH concentrations and solvent compositions was studied for 13 carbonyl compounds of atmospheric importance. These include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, dicarbonyls such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal, and biogenic carbonyls such as pinonaldehyde and nopinone. An extraction solution containing 3 × 10^?2 M 2,4-DNPH, in 60% acetonitrile/40% water, and pH 3 was most efficient in extracting and derivatizing these aldehydes and ketones (83-100% recovery). Improved sample enrichment and 2,4-DNPH purification methods were developed that afforded detection limits of 0.009-5.6 ng m^?3. The relative standard deviation for replicate analyses were 1.9-10.1%. Carbonyl compounds in ambient particulate samples were quantified during a recent field study. Median values for nine carbonyl species ranged from 0.01-33.9 ng m^?3 during the study.     

Tailor-made derivatizing agents for carbonyl compounds using liquid chromatography

A new approach for the synthesis and application of tailor-made derivatizing agents for liquid chromatography is presented. The s-triazine ring serves as the backbone for these substances. Synthesis is performed in three steps based on substitution reactions of cyanuric chloride. A chromophor or fluorophor, a reactive group and a third moiety intended to modify the polarity of the derivatizing agent are coupled to cyanuric chloride. The three groups may be selected freely from molecules which carry functional groups which might be linked to cyanuric chloride. As an example, the synthesis and application of a respective reagent for the determination of aldehydes and ketones using HPLC with fluorescence detection is carried out. Baseline separation of the derivatives and low limits of detection (1.5×10⁻⁹ mol/l for formaldehyde, 2.0×10⁻⁹ mol/l for acetaldehyde and 3.0×10⁻⁹ mol/l for p-tolualdehyde) are obtained with the new versatile reagent.     

Determination of aldehydes in fish by high-performance liquid chromatography

A new analytical method to determine trace volatile aldehydes isolated from the headspace of fish meat at room temperature by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the form of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (DNPHo) derivatives has been developed. Aliquots (50 g) of the fish purée were introduced into a 500-mL glass recipient and were purged with N2 for 40 min through two SEP-PAK C18 cartridges (connected in series) coated with an acid solution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The cartridges were then eluted with acetonitrile (2 mL) and the 2,4-DNPHo formed was quantitated by HPLC-UV analysis using a Zorbax C18 column. The isolated compounds from the dynamic headspace sampling of four kinds of fish species were saturated aldehydes, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, pentanal, and hexanal. Under optimized conditions the detection limits of the HPLC method were in the range of 0.75 nmol/g (formaldehyde) to 2.19 nmol/g (hexanal). The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range from 1.3 nmol/mL to 12.5 nmol/mL. Propanal and acetaldehyde were the major carbonyl compounds identified (ranging from 3.9 nmol/g and 10 nmol/g). This study has revealed the widespread occurrence of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, pentanal, and hexanal in fish meat.     

Determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke by high-performance liquid chromatography

A method is described for the determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in mainstream cigarette smoke. This involved the collection and reaction of the aldehydes with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in aqueous acetonitrile. The high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and measurement of the various components directly in this reaction solution eliminated the need for a clean-up stage. Cigarette yields of greater than 5 micrograms of formaldehyde and 50 micrograms of acetaldehyde could be determined to estimated relative standard deviations of 0.07 and 0.05, respectively.     

HPLC–MS determination of the oxidation products of the reaction between α- and β-pinene and OH radicals

Biogenic non-methane hydrocarbons such as isoprene, alpha-pinene, and beta-pinene, are emitted by forests in very large quantities. To evaluate the role of alpha- and beta-pinene and their contribution to the global production of trace gases and especially aerosol precursors, a study of the oxidation mechanism of alpha- and beta-pinene with hydroxyl radicals must be conducted.The degradation products of both monoterpenes with hydroxyl radicals were identified and quantified in a fast-flow reactor. The products were collected on a liquid-nitrogen trap coated with a 2,4-DNPH solution to which two internal standards (benzaldehyde-2,4-DNPH and tolualdehyde-2,4-DNPH) had been added. The collection method was based on the in situ conversion of aldehyde and/or ketone compounds to their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivatives. The derivatives were analyzed by HPLC-MS using APCI(-). TIC chromatograms and mass spectral data for the various oxidation products are presented.For alpha-pinene, pinonaldehyde is the most important degradation product, with smaller amounts of acetone, formaldehyde, campholenealdehyde, and acetaldehyde. For beta-pinene, nopinone and formaldehyde are the most abundant products, of almost equal importance, whereas acetone and acetaldehyde are minor compounds.     

Determination of the chiral purity of benzylic amines using marfey''s reagent

1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-(S)-alanine amide (Marfey's reagent) was used as a chiral derivatizing agent for benzylic amines in order to determine optical purities.     

Evaluation of Monolithic Columns for Determination of Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde in Sugar Cane Spirits by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) conditions are described for separation of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (2,4-DNPH) derivatives of carbonyl compounds in a 10 cm long C₁₈ reversed phase monolithic column. Using a linear gradient from 40 to 77% acetonitrile (acetonitrile-water system), the separation was achieved in about 10 min—a time significantly shorter than that obtained with a packed particles column. The method was applied for determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in Brazilian sugar cane spirits. The linear dynamic range was between 30 and 600 µg L^?1, and the detection limits were 8 and 4 µg L^?1 for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, respectively.     

Determination Of Formaldehyde And Acetaldehyde Associated To Atmospheric Aerosols By HPLC

Abstract

A rapid new analytical protocol was developed for the determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde associated to atmospheric particulate matter, at ng/m³ levels. The aerosols were collected on glass fiber filters (8″×10″) at face velocities ranging from 15 m/min to 23 m/min. Aliquots of 15.4 cm² were sonicated, for 20 min, with 5.0 mL of 0,01% 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), 1 % phosphoric acid. The liquid phase was then filtered and the separation and quantification of the corresponding 2,4-dinitrophenylhidrazone (DNPHo) derivatives carried out by reverse phase HPLC. Acetonitrile:water (57:43, v/v) as mobile phase at 1.0 mL/min and absorbance detection at 350 nm and 365 nm for, respectively, formaldehyde-DNPHo (0.04 AUFS) and acetaldehyde-DNPHo (0.01 AUFS) were used. The precision for four different aliquots, from a 8″×10″ glass fiber filter, were under 0.04% for formaldehyde and 14.16 % for acetaldehyde. In Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were determined, respectively, in the range of 6.8 ng/m³ to 27.3 ng/m³ and 9.1 ng/m³ to 54.6 ng/m³.