可换环上矩阵代数的SZ-导子, PZ-导子 和 S-导子

Let R be a commutative ring with identity, Nn（R） the matrix algebra consisting of all n × n strictly upper triangular matrices over R with the usual product operation. An R-linear map φ ： Nn（R） → Nn（R） is said to be an SZ-derivation of Nn（R） if x2 = 0 implies that φ（x）x＋xφ（x） = 0. It is said to be an S-derivation of Nn（R） if φ（x2） = φ（x）x＋xφ（x） for any x ∈ Nn（R）. It is said to be a PZ-derivation of Nn（R） if xy = 0 implies that φ（x）y＋xφ（y） = 0. In this paper, by constructing several types of standard SZ-derivations of Nn（R）, we first characterize all SZ-derivations of Nn（R）. Then, as its application, we determine all S-derivations and PZ- derivations of Nn（R）, respectively.     

两个新的可积类型的微分方程

研究方程y^1=f（x,y）的可积性,建立了两个可积类型的微分方程y^1=g（x）h（^y——φ（x））＋^φ^1（x）——φ（x）y和^1=^φ（x）——xg（^y——φ（x）＋x^8（^y——φ（x））＋^φ^1（x）——φ（x））y应用变换y=φ（x）u,它们可分别化为x^au′=g（x）h（u）和^dx——du=g（u）x＋h（u）x^β进行求解．     

素环的李结构

设R是一个咎征非2的素环，U是R的一个平方封闭的李理想，d1，d2，d是R的导子，δ是R的广义导子．本文证明了U为中心李理想，如果以下条件之一成立：（1）d（x）od（y）=xoy；（2）d（x）οd（y）＋xοy=0；（3）d1（x）οd2（可）=0；（4）δ（[x，y]）=0；（5）δ（xοy）=0对所有的x，y∈U．     

一类非线性积分方程非负解的存在性

本利用凝聚映象的不动点定理得到了如下形式的积分方程：φn(x)=φ(x)-fφ））∫^1 0R(x,y)/x^2-y^2 g(φ(y)dy非负连续解的存在性．     

一类Kolmogorov捕食系统的极限环

本文研究kolmogorov捕食系统{（dx/dt）=x（ψ（x）-φ（y） （dx/dt）=y（bx^m-d） 得到了极限环存在唯一的条件，从而推广了前人相关的结果．其中：ψ（x）=a0＋a1x＋a2x^2＋…＋a（a-1）x^（n-1） -anx^n;n≥m≥1（n,m∈N）,φ（0）=0,φ（y）〉ε〉0（y〉0）.     

三角函数周期的探讨

有高中“三角函数”这一章中,我们知道y =Asin(ωx + φ) (x∈R ,Aω≠0 ,A ,ω,φ为常数)与y =Acos(ωx + φ) (x∈R ,Aω≠0 ,A ,ω,φ为常数)及y =Asin2 (ωx + φ) (x∈R ,Aω≠0 ,A ,ω,φ为常数)与y =Acos2 (ωx +φ) (x∈R ,A·ω≠0 ,A ,ω,φ为常数)这些三角函数的周期.那么,三角函数y =Asinn(ωx+ φ)与y =Acosn(ωx + φ) (A·ω≠0 ,A ,ω,φ为常数x∈R)的周期又是怎样的呢?定理1　1 )函数y =sinnx (x∈R) .当n为偶数时的周期为kπ,(k∈Z ,k≠0 ) ,最小正周期为π;当n为奇数时,周期为2kπ(k∈Z ,k≠0 ) ,最小正周期为…     

一类曲线积分的计算方法

对坐标的空间曲线积分的计算通常采用参数法或利用 Stokes公式 ,但对某些特定的空间曲线积分也可以将其转化为平面曲线的积分 ,因而也就简化了计算步骤。考虑如下曲线积分I =∫c P( x,y,z) dx +Q( x,y,z) dy +R( x,y,z) dz ( 1 )其中 c:F( x,y,z) =0z =φ( x,y) ,而 P,Q,R,F,φ对其各变元均具有一阶连续的偏导数。利用曲线积分的定义可以得到　　　　 I =∫c′{ P[x,y,φ( x,y) ]+R[x,y,φ( x,y) ]φ′x( x,y) } dx +{ Q[x,y,φ( x,y) ]+R[x,y,φ( x,y) ]φ′y( x,y) ]} dy ( 2 )其中 c′为 c在 xoy平面上的投影曲线 ,c′的方向与 c的…     

一类四阶边值问题正解的存在性

证明了四阶边值同题{y^（4）=λα（x）f（y（x）,y＂（x）） x∈（0,1） y（0）=y（1）=y＂（0）=y＂（1）=0.当λ〉0，且充分小时正解的存在性，其中：α：[0，1]→R连续，f（0，0）〉0本文的工具是Leray—Schauder不动点定理．     

y=Asinωx和Y=Acosωx的几何性质

函数y=Asin（ωx＋φ）＋k或y=Acos（ωx＋φ）＋忌的最值、周期、单调代数性质等是大家都比较熟悉的．本文介绍它们的几个几何性质，供同学们学习参考．     

世界各地数学奥林匹克试题选登

1 找到所有映射f：R→R，满足，f（f（x）＋y）=f（x^2-y）＋4f（x）y。     

Estimation of the number of components of finite mixtures of multivariate distributions

An estimator of the number of components of a finite mixture ofk-dimensional distributions is given on the basis of a one-dimensional independent random sample obtained by a transformation of ak-dimensional independent random sample. A consistency of the estimator is shown. Some simulation results are given in a case of finite mixtures of two-dimensional normal distributions.     

Galois Structure of K-Groups of Rings of Integers

N/Kbe a Galois extension of number fields with finite Galois group G.We describe a new approach for constructing invariants of the G-module structure of the K groups of the ring of integers of N in the Grothendieck group of finitely generated projective Z[G]modules. In various cases we can relate these classes, and their function field counterparts, to the root number class of Fröhlich and Cassou-Noguès.     

Eigenvector p-Bases of Rings of Constants of Derivations

Let A be a UFD of characteristic p > 0, let 𝒵 be a set of some eigenvectors of a derivation of A. We prove, under some additional assumptions, a necessary and sufficient condition for 𝒵 to be a p-basis of the minimal ring of constants containing 𝒵. The main preparatory result is the unique decomposition theorem with respect to a factor from a given subalgebra containing A^p.     

有资格限制的指派问题的求解方法

在实际的指派工作中，常会遇到某个人有没有资格去承担某项工作的问题，因此，本建立了有资格限制的指派问题的数学模型。在此数学模型中，将效益矩阵转化为判定矩阵，由此给出了判定此种指派问题是否有解的方法；在有解的情况下，进一步将效益矩阵转化为求解矩阵，从而将有资格限制的指派问题化为传统的指派问题来求解。最后给出了一个数值例子来说明这样的处理方法是有效的。     

Extreme values of the sum of squares of degrees of bipartite graphs

In this paper we determine the minimum and maximum values of the sum of squares of degrees of bipartite graphs with a given number of vertices and edges.     

On Sums of Coefficients of Products of Polynomials

We study the nilpotency of the sums of all coefficients of some sorts of products of polynomials over reversible, IFP, and NI rings, and introduce an SCN ring as a generalization. We characterize SCN rings in relation with related ring properties, and also provide several useful properties and ring extensions of SCN rings.     

Convergence of sequences of sets of associated primes

It is a well-known result of M. Brodmann that if is an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring , then the set of associated primes of the -th power of is constant for all large . This paper is concerned with the following question: given a prime ideal of which is known to be in for all large integers , can one identify a term of the sequence beyond which will subsequently be an ever-present? This paper presents some results about convergence of sequences of sets of associated primes of graded components of finitely generated graded modules over a standard positively graded commutative Noetherian ring; those results are then applied to the above question.

     

Number of connected components of groups of real points of adjoint groups

We present a unified approach to compute the number of connected components in the group of real points of adjoint almost simple real algebraic groups.     

Radius of convexity of certain classes of analytic functions

We consider the classes of analytic functions introduced recently by K.I. Noor which are defined by conditions joining ideas of close-to-convex and of bounded boundary rotation functions. We investigate coefficients estimates and radii of convexity.