消癌平诱导人肺腺癌(ASTC-a-1)细胞内caspase-3活化的荧光光谱分析

采用CCK-8技术检测发现传统中药消癌平（XAP）对人肺腺癌（ASTC-a-1）细胞的增殖活性具有显著的抑制作用。利用共聚焦扫描荧光显微成像、荧光共振能量转移（FRET）及其受体光漂白技术证实了基于FRET技术构建的SCAT3质粒在ASTC-a-1细胞中的稳定表达。将消癌平加入细胞培养液中培育细胞,并在不同的时间检测活细胞内SCAT3的荧光发射光谱,从而监测细胞中caspase-3的活化状态。实验结果表明：(1)消癌平可以有效抑制人肺腺癌（ASTC-a-1）细胞的增殖活性并诱导细胞的死亡,消癌平对细胞的抑制作用具有剂量依赖性。(2)消癌平处理细胞72 h后,细胞内大量的SCAT3被切割,表明细胞内caspase-3的活化水平明显升高。(3)将含消癌平的细胞培养液与细胞共同培养24 h,然后采用没有消癌平的细胞培养液培养细胞48和72 h后,细胞内SCAT3的光谱没有明显改变,表明消癌平作用细胞24 h内没有显著激活细胞内的caspase-3。     

Nd3+:LiNbO3 晶体的坩埚下降法生长及光谱特性

以同成分化学组分比(Li2O:48.6mol%,Nb2O5:51.4mol%)为原料,Nd2O3为掺杂剂,应用坩埚下降法技术,生长了Nd3+初始掺杂为0.2mol%的LiNbO3晶体。测定了晶体的差热曲线、红外吸收光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱,并与用提拉法技术生长的晶体性质进行了比较。观测到了Nd3+的特征吸收峰。在800nm的半导体激光激发下研究了晶体在1.06μm附近的荧光曲线和荧光寿命,观测到了1067,1080,1085,1093,1106nm五个分裂的4F3/2→4I11/2能级跃迁发射峰。测定了最强荧光峰(1085nm)的荧光寿命为351μs。与用提拉法技术生长的晶体相比,其荧光寿命得到了大幅度的变长,约为3.5倍。在密封条件下用坩埚下降法技术生长的晶体,由于在生长过程中隔绝了空气和水汽,所以在获得的晶体中具有低的OH-离子浓度,获得了长的荧光寿命。     

相对标定电荷交换复合谱及束发射谱测量杂质浓度的方法研究

采用数值模拟方法计算了HL-2A装置上电荷交换复合谱和束发射谱的强度,并根据两种光谱的比值得到碳和氦杂质的浓度,与初始假设对比后验证了该方法理论上的可靠性。实验上采用一台三光栅光谱仪系统,利用同一视线、同时测量了碳(CⅥ)、氦(HeⅡ)的电荷交换复合谱及中性束发射谱,首次在HL-2A装置上同步获得了C6+、He2+离子的绝对浓度剖面。该方法采用了相对强度标定而非复杂的绝对强度标定,并且避免了中性束衰减计算。     

三维荧光光谱及平行因子分析在石油类污染物检测分析中的应用

以三维荧光光谱技术结合平行因子分析算法研究了石油类污染物识别与浓度测量方法,重点分析了两种以上成品油共存时对测量的影响。以0#柴油、97#汽油与煤油的CCl4溶液为测量样本,通过两种或三种油不同配比的混合溶液来模拟多种石油类污染物共存的状态,研究平行因子分析方法在复杂混合物共存体系成分分析时的特点。实验分别针对汽柴油混合溶液、柴煤油混合溶液以及存在少量煤油干扰成分的汽柴油溶液,分解得到各溶质的激发与发射特征光谱,实现了各混合样品中主要成分含量的同时测量,计算了平均回收率。结果表明,该方法能够实现石油类污染物中共存成分的识别与浓度测量。     

钨酸钇钠晶体中Tm3+的光谱特性

测量了Tm3 :NaY(WO4 ) 2 晶体的吸收光谱、发射光谱和激发光谱 ,利用J_O理论计算了钨酸钇钠晶体的强度参数 :Ω2 =7 2 130 4× 10 - 2 0 cm2 ,Ω4 =0 5 0 4 76 6× 10 - 2 0 cm2 ,Ω6 =0 977784× 10 - 2 0 cm2 ,以及Tm3 的光学参数包括各能级的荧光寿命和荧光分支比、积分发射截面等 ,在计算了Tm3 的自发辐射概率时 ,同时考虑了电偶极跃迁和磁偶极跃迁 .研究了其发光特性和跃迁通道 ,发现存在1 D2 3H6 →1 G4 3F4 的交叉弛豫     

城镇污水厂尾水人工湿地深度处理过程中DOM三维荧光光谱特征

采用三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)分析研究了两种基质水平潜流人工湿地在深度处理城镇污水处理厂尾水过程中溶解有机物(DOM)组成特征。结果表明,两种潜流人工湿地对尾水中CODcr和DOC的去除率平均分别达到61.6%和70.1%。相比较而言,陶粒基质湿地对尾水有机物去除效果略优于沸石基质湿地。三维荧光扫描结果显示,湿地进水中表征出类溶解性有机物,即色氨酸类芳香族蛋白质(S)、溶解性微生物代谢产物(T)、可见类富里酸(M)、紫外类富里酸物质(A)。经过人工湿地净化处理后,出水中4个峰的相对荧光强度均有不同程度的降低,其中M峰和T峰的相对荧光强度降低最为明显,平均分别降低了16.4%和11.7%;人工湿地出水中腐殖类物质芳香性较弱,含有的苯环结构有机物较少,这说明潜流人工湿地对尾水中化学性质较为稳定、难以分解、不易被生物利用的类腐殖质有较好的去除效果。M峰和T峰的荧光强度在沿程上逐渐减小,S峰随沿程呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。与沸石湿地相比较,陶粒基质水平潜流人工湿地系统对尾水中DOM的特征峰荧光强度削减更为明显。     

叠氮化钠对辣根过氧化物酶的荧光猝灭机制的研究

研究了辣根过氧化物酶 (HRP)和叠氮化钠 (NaN3 )作用前后的荧光光谱变化。探讨了HRP的荧光猝灭机制 ,首次运用了HRP的荧光猝灭行为确认了HRP和NaN3 之间生成了配合物。计算了HRP和NaN3 之间生成的配合物的形成常数为 7 9× 10 8L·mol-1,结合位点数为 1。研究还发现 ,NaN3 与HRP的结合 ,影响了分子构象 ,使酪氨酸和色氨酸残基的微环境受到不同程度的影响。     

Time-resolved fluorescence spectra of a bichromophoric molecule, 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline in various media

Time-resolved fluorescence spectra of a title molecule (with benzene and aliphatic amine parts) in various media, after excitation by several lasers were observed to complement the previous work by conventional spectroscopy [N. Kanamaru, J. Tanaka, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 6441]. Though complex with many new features, the results were roughly consistent with the previous ones. The significant conclusions are as follows: (1) The emission to be ascribed to the amine (N) part, with more than one component (of nN and aN types) is observed not only for the acetonitrile solution (as previously reported) but also for all the other media. (2) Contrary to the case of a nonpolar hexane solution, both of N fluorescences in the other media reveal unusually long-lived decay components. This can be interpreted by assuming the so-called charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) state that is nonfluorescent and lies just below the fluorescent state. (3) This observation in the protic media can also be taken as another evidence of the peculiar hydrogen bonding between this amine and the protic solvent molecules [N. Kanamaru, J. Tanaka, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 6441]. (4) Thus, the unexpectedly large quantum yields of N fluorescences in the polar media are now interpreted as arising due to the slow S₁^N→(CTTS)→S₀ internal conversions.     

Quantitative analysis of UV excitation bands for red emissions in Pr-doped CaTiO3, SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 phosphors by peak fitting

A quantitative spectral analysis of the ultraviolet (UV) broad excitation bands, which are located in the range 300-400 nm, for red emissions at around 610 nm in Pr-doped CaTiO₃, SrTiO₃:Al and BaTiO₃:Mg phosphors has been carried out using a peak fitting technique. The obtained results demonstrate that the UV broad band of CaTiO₃:Pr consists of four primary excitation bands centered around 330, 335, 365 and 380 nm and those of both SrTiO₃:Al and BaTiO₃:Mg consist of three primary bands centered around 310, 345 and 370 nm. Based on the behavior patterns and the values of the respective primary excitation bands’ parameters, i.e. center gravity (λ_top), maximum height (I_max) and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), the UV-to-red relaxation processes in these titanate phosphors can be explained to be essentially the same, except for the existence of an additional relaxation pathway via electron-trap states in CaTiO₃:Pr, which gives a characteristic shape of its UV excitation spectrum in the wavelength range of >360 nm.     

Live morphological analysis of taxol-induced cytoplasmic vacuolization [corrected] in human lung adenocarcinoma cells

Taxol (paclitaxel), one of the most active cancer chemotherapeutic agents, can cause programmed cell death (PCD) and cytoplasmic vacuolization. The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological characteristics induced by taxol. Human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1) cells were exposed to various concentration of taxol. CCK-8 was used to assay the cell viability. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), plasmid transfection and confocal fluorescence microscopy were performed to image the cells morphological change induced by taxol. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was used to monitor the caspase-3 activation in living cells during taxol-induced cell death. Cells treated with taxol exhibited significant swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolization which may be due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) vacuolization. Caspase-3 was not activated during taxol-induced cytoplasmic vacuolization and cell death. These findings suggest that taxol induces caspase-3-independent cytoplasmic vacuolization, cell swelling and cell death through ER vacuolization.     

YAG粉末材料中Cr3+敏化的Yb3+近红外发光性质

采用高温固相反应法合成了YAG: 0.02Cr³⁺,yYb³⁺系列粉末材料,研究了该系列材料在近红外区域的发光特性,主要包括Cr³⁺,Yb³⁺的发光性质、Cr³⁺: ⁴T₂和Yb³⁺: ²F_5/2能级辐射跃迁寿命以及其布居时间的比较,给出了Yb³⁺最佳掺杂量为10%。实验表明:通过Cr³⁺→Yb³⁺能量传递,实现了Yb³⁺在1 000 nm附近近红外发光的增强,这对进一步提高c-Si太阳能电池转换效率打下了坚实基础。     

Prompt neutron emission spectra and multiplicities in the thermal neutron induced fission of235U

The emission spectra of prompt fission neutrons from mass and kinetic energy selected fission fragments have been measured in²³⁵U(n _th,f). Neutron energies were determined from the measurement of the neutron time of flight using a NE213 scintillation detector. The fragment energies were measured by a pair of surface barrier detectors in one set of measurements and by a back-to-back gridded ionization chamber in the second set of measurements. The data were analysed event by event to deduce neutron energy in the rest frame of the emitting fragment for the determination of neutron emission spectra and multiplicities as a function of the fragment mass and total kinetic energy. The results are compared with statistical model calculations using shell and excitation energy dependent level density formulations to deduce the level density parameters of the neutron rich fragment nuclei over a large range of fragment masses.     

探针3-(2-氰基乙基)胞嘧啶同步荧光法测定血清中蛋白质

在模拟人体生理条件下,基于3-(2-氰基乙基)胞嘧啶(CECT)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用,以CECT为分子光谱探针研究了CECT-蛋白质体系的同步荧光光谱特征。同步荧光光谱特征及强度与Δλ值、反应介质、反应温度等因素有关。在此基础上,建立了以CECT为分子光谱探针定量测定血清样品中蛋白质含量的新方法。在最佳实验条件下,CECT-HSA和CECT-BSA体系的同步荧光强度分别在0～441.4和0～351.0 μg·mL-1的浓度范围内与蛋白质浓度呈现良好的线性关系, 检测限分别为0.023和0.035 μg·mL-1,相对标准偏差(RSD)1.2%～3.3%, 加标回收率为97.2%～100.4%。该方法具有简单、快速、灵敏度较高、线性范围宽、精密度和回收率较好等优点。该法可直接用于血清样品中蛋白质总量的测定,结果令人满意。     

Polarized fluorescence spectra analysis of Yb:KGd(WO4)2

The average fluorescence wavelength of the laser crystal is the most important factor in the radiation-balanced laser (RBL). Polarized fluorescence spectra measurements of the anisotropic laser material ytterbium-doped potassium gadolinium tungstate, Yb³⁺:KGd(WO₄)₂, are carried out along principal refractive index directions m, p, g in three configurations in order to achieve the best design for RBL. The average fluorescence wavelength of g polarization is the shortest, so g should be in the face of fluorescence emission; m polarization should be normal to that face to avoid its strong absorption to fluorescence photons. Fluorescence re-absorption causes the average fluorescence wavelength of the directly measured spectra red-shifted at least 9 nm. Methods for depressing radiation trapping are suggested accordingly, which are high power pumping, low doping concentration, small dimensions and fusing with undoped KGd(WO₄)₂.     

Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+红色材料的制备和长余辉性能

用高温固相法制备了Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 红色长余辉材料,余辉时间达到1h以上,X射线衍射测量表明材料的晶体结构为Y2O2S。发射光谱对应了Eu^3 离子^5DJ(J=0,1,2,3)→^7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4))的特征发射;激发光谱主峰位于345nm,另外在260,396,468,540nm等处也存在激发峰。对比测量了Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 和Y2O2S:Eu^3 的热释发光曲线,Y2O2S:Eu^3 的热释发光曲线可以拟合成3个热释发光峰的叠加：237,226,301K;而Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 的热释发光曲线可以拟合成5个热释发光峰的叠加：149,215,262,287,334K,并计算了相应的陷阱能级。Ti^4 是引起较深陷阱能级的主要原因,Mg^2 起电荷补偿的作用。     

以间质隔离法研究CH3O分子在p-H2间质中的红外吸收光谱

本研究利用低温间质隔离技术搭配红外光谱仪研究CH3ONO在p-H2间质中的光解产生CH3O。实验观察到位于689.3/694.6cm-1、945.9/951.7cm-1、1041.8cm-1、1224.7cm-1、1235.5cm-1、1347.7cm-1、1365.4cm-1、1427.5cm-1、1519.5cm-1、1522.3cm-1等处的CH3O红外吸收谱线,并分析得出各振动模式分别为电子态E1/2a1对称性的ν6、电子态E1/2a2对称性的ν6、电子态E3/2对称性的ν2、电子态E3/2e对称性的ν6、电子态E1/2e对称性的ν6、电子态E1/2a1对称性的ν5、电子态E3/2对称性的ν2、电子态E1/2对称性的ν2、电子态E3/2e对称性的ν5及电子态E1/2e对称性的ν5。     

以间质隔离法研究CH3O分子在p-H2间质中的红外吸收光谱

本研究利用低温间质隔离技术搭配红外光谱仪研究CH3ONO在p-H2间质中的光解产生CH3O。实验观察到位于689.3/694.6cm-1、945.9/951.7cm-1、1041.8cm-1、1224.7cm-1、1235.5cm-1、1347.7cm-1、1365.4cm-1、1427.5cm-1、1519.5cm-1、1522.3cm-1等处的CH3O红外吸收谱线,并分析得出各振动模式分别为电子态E1/2a1对称性的ν6、电子态E1/2a2对称性的ν6、电子态E3/2对称性的ν2、电子态E3/2e对称性的ν6、电子态E1/2e对称性的ν6、电子态E1/2a1对称性的ν5、电子态E3/2对称性的ν2、电子态E1/2对称性的ν2、电子态E3/2e对称性的ν5及电子态E1/2e对称性的ν5。     

Quantitative measurement of hydroxyl radical(OH) concentration in premixed flat flame by combining laser-induced fluorescence and direct absorption spectroscopy

An accurate and reasonable technique combining direct absorption spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)methods is developed to quantitatively measure the concentrations of hydroxyl in CH_4/air flat laminar flame. In our approach, particular attention is paid to the linear laser-induced fluorescence and absorption processes, and experimental details as well. Through measuring the temperature, LIF signal distribution and integrated absorption, spatially absolute OH concentrations profiles are successfully resolved. These experimental results are then compared with the numerical simulation. It is proved that the good quality of the results implies that this method is suitable for calibrating the OH-PLIF measurement in a practical combustor.     

Evaluation of polarization field in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well structures by using electroluminescence spectra shift

In order to investigate the inherent polarization intensity in InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well(MQW) structures,the electroluminescence(EL) spectra of three samples with different GaN barrier thicknesses of 21.3 nm, 11.4 nm, and 6.5 nm are experimentally studied. All of the EL spectra present a similar blue-shift under the low-level current injection,and then turns to a red-shift tendency when the current increases to a specific value, which is defined as the turning point.The value of this turning point differs from one another for the three InGaN/GaN MQW samples. Sample A, which has the GaN barrier thickness of 21.3 nm, shows the highest current injection level at the turning point as well as the largest value of blue-shift. It indicates that sample A has the maximum intensity of the polarization field. The red-shift of the EL spectra results from the vertical electron leakage in InGaN/GaN MQWs and the corresponding self-heating effect under the high-level current injection. As a result, it is an effective approach to evaluate the polarization field in the InGaN/GaN MQW structures by using the injection current level at the turning point and the blue-shift of the EL spectra profiles.     

Amplification of spontaneous emission in Nd~(3 )-doped fiber pumped by Ti: Al_2O_3 tunable laser

Amplification of spontaneous emission(ASE) in 4m Nd~(3 )-doped fiber pumped by Ti : Al~2O_3 tunable laser is studied theoretically and experimentally. The output of 2.64mW from ASE source pumped at 833 nm is obtained and the experimental results of ASE source are compared with that of Nd~(3 )-doped fiber ring laser.