Exact and approximate solutions to Schrödinger’s equation with decatic potentials

The one-dimensional Schrödinger’s equation is analysed with regard to the existence of exact solutions for decatic polynomial potentials. Under certain conditions on the potential’s parameters, we show that the decatic polynomial potential V (x) = ax ¹⁰ + bx ⁸ + cx ⁶ + dx ⁴ + ex ², a > 0 is exactly solvable. By examining the polynomial solutions of certain linear differential equations with polynomial coefficients, the necessary and sufficient conditions for corresponding energy-dependent polynomial solutions are given in detail. It is also shown that these polynomials satisfy a four-term recurrence relation, whose real roots are the exact energy eigenvalues. Further, it is shown that these polynomials generate the eigenfunction solutions of the corresponding Schrödinger equation. Further analysis for arbitrary values of the potential parameters using the asymptotic iteration method is also presented.     

Exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation for zero energy

Some new exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation for zero energy are presented for certain nontrivial model potentials. Exact expressions for the different scattering lengths are derived and their differences and similarities are worked out. In particular, the respective distributions of the zeros and poles of the scattering lengths are characterized in detail.     

Exact solutions to the Schrödinger equation for potentials with Coulomb and harmonic oscillator terms

Exact solutions to the Schrödinger equation for potentials containing Coulomb (∼1/r) plus harmonic oscillator (∼r²) terms are found, subject to constraints on the ratio of the strengths of the Coulomb and harmonic oscillator terms. The solutions have the simple form of a product of exponential and polynomial functions.     

Exact solutions of the D-dimensional Schrödinger equation for a ring-shaped pseudoharmonic potential

A new non-central potential, consisting of a pseudoharmonic potential plus another recently proposed ring-shaped potential, is solved. It has the form $ V(r,\theta ) = \tfrac{1} {8}\kappa r_e^2 \left( {\tfrac{r} {{r_e }} - \tfrac{{r_e }} {r}} \right)^2 + \tfrac{{\beta cos^2 \theta }} {{r^2 sin^2 \theta }} A new non-central potential, consisting of a pseudoharmonic potential plus another recently proposed ring-shaped potential, is solved. It has the form . The energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the bound-states for the Schr?dinger equation in D-dimensions for this potential are obtained analytically by using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The radial and angular parts of the wave functions are obtained in terms of orthogonal Laguerre and Jacobi polynomials. We also find that the energy of the particle and the wave functions reduce to the energy and the wave functions of the bound-states in three dimensions.      

Exact solution of D-dimensional Schrödinger equation generated from certain central power-law potentials

By applying Extended Transformation method we have generated exact solution of D-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation for a set of power-law multi-term potentials taking singular potentials $V(r) = ar^{ - \tfrac{1} {2}} + br^{ - \tfrac{3} {2}}$ , $V(r) = ar^{\tfrac{2} {3}} + br^{ - \tfrac{2} {3}} + cr^{ - \tfrac{4} {3}}$ , V(r) = ar + br ^?1 + cr ² and V(r) = ar ²+br ^?2+cr ^?4+dr ^?6 as input reference. The restriction on the parameters of the given potentials and angular momentum quantum number ? are obtained. The multiplet structure of the generated exactly solvable potentials are also shown.     

Bifurcations and solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation

The theory of bifurcations for dynamical system is employed to construct new exact solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Firstly, the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation was converted into ordinary differential equation system by using traveling wave transform. Then, the system's Hamiltonian, orbits phases diagrams are found. Finally, six families of solutions are constructed by integrating along difference orbits, which consist of Jacobi elliptic function solutions, hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, solitary wave solutions, breaking wave solutions, and kink wave solutions.     

On solutions of the Schrödinger equation for some molecular potentials: wave function ansatz

Making an ansatz to the wave function, the exact solutions of the D-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation with some molecular potentials, such as pseudoharmonic and modified Kratzer, are obtained. Restrictions on the parameters of the given potential, δ and ν are also given, where η depends on a linear combination of the angular momentum quantum number ? and the spatial dimensions D and δ is a parameter in the ansatz to the wave function. On inserting D = 3, we find that the bound state eigensolutions recover their standard analytical forms in literature.     

Exact solution of the discrete Schrödinger equation for ferromagnetic chains

It is shown that Bethe's exact solution for the finite Heisenberg ferromagnetic chain can be obtained via a direct Fourier transform. Unlike the Bethe ansatz approach, the latter is not confined to one space dimension and opens the possibility of obtaining exact solutions in higher dimensions.     

Focusing and multi-focusing solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

A method of dynamic rescaling of variables is used to investigate numerically the nature of the focusing singularities of the cubic and quintic Schrödinger equations in two and three dimensions and describe their universal properties. The same method is applied to simulate the multi-focusing phenomena produced by simple models of saturating nonlinearities.     

Exact self-similar solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with distributed coefficients

A broad class of exact self-similar solutions to the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation (NLSE) with distributed dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain or loss has been found. Appropriate solitary wave solutions applying to propagation in optical fibers and optical fiber amplifiers with these distributed parameters have also been studied. These solutions exist for physically realistic dispersion and nonlinearity profiles in a fiber with anomalous group velocity dispersion. They correspond either to compressing or spreading solitary pulses which maintain a linear chirp or to chirped oscillatory solutions. The stability of these solutions has been confirmed by numerical simulations of the NLSE.     

Spectral and scattering theory for a Schrödinger operator with a class of momentum-dependent long-range potentials

Let be the selfadjoint operator for the static electromagnetic field where W _j for 0, 1, 2, ..., n is a sum of (i) a short-range potential and (ii) a smooth long-range potential decreasing at as |x|^- with in (0, 1]. Then for >1/2, asymptotic completeness holds for the scattering system (H, H ₀).     

Analytical and numerical solutions of the Schrödinger–KdV equation

The Schrödinger–KdV equation with power-law nonlinearity is studied in this paper. The solitary wave ansatz method is used to carry out the integration of the equation and obtain one-soliton solution. The G′/G method is also used to integrate this equation. Subsequently, the variational iteration method and homotopy perturbation method are also applied to solve this equation. The numerical simulations are also given.     

Rapidly decaying solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

We consider global solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Nonlinear Schrödinger equation with complex supersymmetric potentials

Using the concept of supersymmetry we obtain exact analytical solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a number of complex supersymmetric potentials and power law nonlinearity. Linear stability of these solutions for self-focusing as well as de-focusing nonlinearity has also been examined.     

New and more general traveling wave solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger equation

An extended Fan sub-equation method is used to seek some new and more general traveling wave solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). The important fact of this method is to take the full advantage of clear relationship among general elliptic equation involving five parameters and other existing sub-equations involving three parameters. It is preferable to use this method to solve NLSE because this method gives us all the solutions obtained previously by the application of at least four methods (the method of using Riccati equation, or auxiliary ordinary differential equation method, or first kind elliptic equation or the generalized Riccati equation as mapping equation) in a unified manner. So it is shown that this method is concise and its applications are promising.     

Exact solution of N-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation for the fourth-order inverse-power potential

Radial Schrödinger equation in N-dimensional Hilbert space with the potential V(r)=ar^-1+br^-2+cr^-3+dr^-4 is solved exactly by power series method via a suitable ansatz to the wave function with parameters those also exist in the potential function possibly for the first time. Exact analytical expressions for the energy spectra and potential parameters are obtained in terms of linear combinations of known parameters of radial quantum number n, angular momentum quantum number l, and the spatial dimensions N. Expansion coefficients of the wave function ansatz are generated through the two-term recursion relation for odd/even solutions.