Estimating the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for a synchronous motor and its application in chaos synchronization

To estimate the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for a dynamic system is an important but quite challenging task in general. This paper has investigated the ultimate bound and positively invariant set of a permanent magnet synchronous motor system. We combine the Lyapunov stability theory with the comparison principle method. For this system, we derive a three-dimensional ellipsoidal ultimate bound and positively invariant set for all the positive values of its parameters σ, γ. In addition, the two-dimensional bound with respect to x ? y are established. Then, it is the two-dimensional estimation about x ? z. Finally, the result is applied to the study of completely chaos synchronization. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed chaos synchronization scheme. At the same time, one numerical example illustrating a localization of a chaotic attractor is presented as well. Numerical simulation is consistent with the results of theoretical calculation.     

Estimating the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for the Lorenz system and a unified chaotic system

To estimate the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for a dynamic system is an important but quite challenging task in general. In this paper, we attempt to investigate the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for two specific systems, the Lorenz system and a unified chaotic system. We derive an ellipsoidal estimate of the ultimate bound and positively invariant set for the Lorenz system, for all the positive values of its parameters a, b and c, and obtain the minimum value of volume for the ellipsoid. Comparing with the best results in the current literature [D. Li, J. Lu, X. Wu, G. Chen, Estimating the bounds for the Lorenz family of chaotic systems, Chaos Solitons Fractals 23 (2005) 529-534; X. Liao, On the global basin of attraction and positively invariant set for the Lorenz chaotic system and its application in chaos control and synchronization, Sci. China Ser. E 34 (2004) 1404-1419], our new results fill up the gap of the estimate for the cases of 0<a<1 and 0<b<2 [X. Liao, On the global basin of attraction and positively invariant set for the Lorenz chaotic system and its application in chaos control and synchronization, Sci. China Ser. E 34 (2004) 1404-1419]. Furthermore, the estimation derived here contains the results given in [D. Li, J. Lu, X. Wu, G. Chen, Estimating the bounds for the Lorenz family of chaotic systems, Chaos Solitons Fractals 23 (2005) 529-534] and [X. Liao, On the global basin of attraction and positively invariant set for the Lorenz chaotic system and its application in chaos control and synchronization, Sci. China Ser. E 34 (2004) 1404-1419] as special cases. Along the same line, we also provide estimates of cylindrical and ellipsoidal bounds for a unified chaotic system, for its parameter range , and obtain the minimum value of volume for the ellipsoid. The estimate is more accurate than and also extends the result of [D. Li, J. Lu, X. Wu, G. Chen, Estimating the bounds for the Lorenz family of chaotic systems, Chaos Solitons Fractals 23 (2005) 529-534] and [X. Liao, On the global basin of attraction and positively invariant set for the Lorenz chaotic system and its application in chaos control and synchronization, Sci. China Ser. E 34 (2004) 1404-1419].     

Observer-based synchronization of uncertain chaotic system and its application to secure communications

Within the drive-response configuration, this paper considers the synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems based on observers and chaos-based secure communication. Even if there are unknown disturbances and parameters in the drive system, a robust adaptive observer can be used as response system to realize chaotic synchronization. The proposed method is then applied to secure communication. The transmitter is constructed by injecting the information into the drive system with proper manner and one of the transmitting signal is the sum of one of the output and the information signal. The Lur’e chaotic system is considered as an illustrative example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

Passive and impulsive synchronization of a new four-dimensional chaotic system

This paper studies the synchronization problem for a new chaotic four-dimensional system presented by Qi et al. Two different methods, the passive control method and the impulsive control method, are used to control the synchronization of the four-dimensional chaotic system. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the two different methods.     

LMI criteria for robust chaos synchronization of a class of chaotic systems

Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and LMI technique, a new sufficient criterion, formulated in the LMI form, is established in this paper for chaos robust synchronization by linear-state-feedback approach for a class of uncertain chaotic systems with different parameters perturbation and different external disturbances on both master system and slave system. The new sufficient criterion can guarantee that the slave system will robustly synchronize to the master system at an exponential convergence rate. Meanwhile, we also provide a criterion to find out proper feedback gain matrix K$K$ that is still a pending problem in literature [H. Zhang, X.K. Ma, Synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems with parameters perturbation via active control, Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 21 (2004) 39–47]. Finally, the effectiveness of the two criteria proposed herein is verified and illustrated by the chaotic Murali–Lakshmanan–Chua system and Lorenz systems, respectively.     

Adaptive synchronization to a general non-autonomous chaotic system and its applications

In this paper, new adaptive synchronous criteria for a general class of n-dimensional non-autonomous chaotic systems with linear and nonlinear feedback controllers are derived. By suitable separation between linear and nonlinear terms of the chaotic system, the phenomenon of stable chaotic synchronization can be achieved using an appropriate adaptive controller of feedback signals. This method can also be generalized to a form for chaotic synchronization or hyper-chaotic synchronization. Based on stability theory on non-autonomous chaotic systems, some simple yet less conservative criteria for global asymptotic synchronization of the autonomous and non-autonomous chaotic systems are derived analytically. Furthermore, the results are applied to some typical chaotic systems such as the Duffing oscillators and the unified chaotic systems, and the numerical simulations are given to verify and also visualize the theoretical results.     

Impulsive synchronization for a chaotic system with channel time-delay

This paper discusses the synchronization of the chaotic system. Some new and less conservative sufficient conditions are established by impulsive control method with channel time-delay and different time-varying parameter uncertainties. An example and its simulations are finally included to visualize the effectiveness and feasibility of the method.     

Chaos control and chaos synchronization for multi-scroll chaotic attractors generated using hyperbolic functions

In this paper, we design a series of chaotic systems that can generate one-directional, two-directional and three-directional multi-scroll chaotic attractors. Then, based upon the properties of these chaotic systems, we construct appropriate Lyapunov functions and design simple linear feedback controls to globally exponentially stabilize and synchronize these chaotic systems. Numerical simulation results are also presented to show the applicability of the proposed control laws.     

Chaos synchronization and chaos control of quantum-CNN chaotic system by variable structure control and impulse control

In this paper, we derive some less stringent conditions for the exponential and asymptotic stability of impulsive control systems with impulses at fixed times. These conditions are then used to design an impulsive control law for the Quantum Cellular Neural Network chaotic system, which drives the chaotic state to zero equilibrium and synchronizes two chaotic systems. An active sliding mode control method is synchronizing two chaotic systems and controlling chaotic state to periodic motion state. And a sufficient condition is drawn for the robust stability of the error dynamics, and is applied to guiding the design of the controllers. Finally, numerical results are used to show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

A new hyperchaotic system and its synchronization

In this paper, a four-dimensional (4D) continuous autonomous hyperchaotic system is introduced and analyzed. This hyperchaotic system is constructed by adding a linear controller to the 3D autonomous chaotic system with a reverse butterfly-shape attractor. Some of its basic dynamical properties, such as Lyapunov exponents, Poincare section, bifurcation diagram and the periodic orbits evolving into chaotic, hyperchaotic dynamical behavior by varying parameter d are studied. Furthermore, the full state hybrid projective synchronization (FSHPS) of new hyperchaotic system with unknown parameters including the unknown coefficients of nonlinear terms is studied by using adaptive control. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effective of the proposed chaos synchronization scheme.     

A new hyper-chaotic system and its synchronization

This paper presents a new hyper-chaotic system obtained by adding a nonlinear controller to the third equation of the three-dimensional autonomous Chen–Lee chaotic system. Computer simulations demonstrated the hyper-chaotic dynamic behaviors of the system. Numerical results revealed that the new hyper-chaotic system possesses two positive exponents. It was also found that the structure of the hyper-chaotic attractors is more complex than those of the Chen–Lee chaotic system. Furthermore, the hybrid projective synchronization (HPS) of the new hyper-chaotic systems was studied using a nonlinear feedback control. The nonlinear controller was designed according to Lyapunov’s direct method to guarantee HPS, which includes synchronization, anti-synchronization, and projective synchronization. Numerical examples are presented in order to illustrate HPS.     

A chaotic system in synchronization and secure communications

In this paper we deal with the synchronization and parameter estimations of an uncertain Rikitake system and its application in secure communications employing chaotic parameter modulation. The strategy consists of proposing a receiver system which tends to follow asymptotically the unknown Rikitake system, refereed as transmitter system. The gains of the receiver system are adjusted continually according to a convenient high order sliding-mode adaptative controller (HOSMAC), until the measurable output errors converge to zero. By using HOSMAC, synchronization between transmitter and receiver is achieved and message signals are recovered. The convergence analysis is carried out by using Barbalat’s Lemma.     

Modified generalized projective synchronization of a new fractional-order hyperchaotic system and its application to secure communication

This paper presents a new fractional-order hyperchaotic system. The chaotic behaviors of this system in phase portraits are analyzed by the fractional calculus theory and computer simulations. Numerical results have revealed that hyperchaos does exist in the new fractional-order four-dimensional system with order less than 4 and the lowest order to have hyperchaos in this system is 3.664. The existence of two positive Lyapunov exponents further verifies our results. Furthermore, a novel modified generalized projective synchronization (MGPS) for the fractional-order chaotic systems is proposed based on the stability theory of the fractional-order system, where the states of the drive and response systems are asymptotically synchronized up to a desired scaling matrix. The unpredictability of the scaling factors in projective synchronization can additionally enhance the security of communication. Thus MGPS of the new fractional-order hyperchaotic system is applied to secure communication. Computer simulations are done to verify the proposed methods and the numerical results show that the obtained theoretic results are feasible and efficient.     

A new auto-switched chaotic system and its FPGA implementation

This paper presents a 3D chaotic system which is constructed by an auto-switched numerical resolution of multiple three dimensional continuous chaotic systems. The designed chaotic system provides complex chaotic attractors and can change its behaviors automatically via a chaotic switching-rule. Some complex dynamical behaviors are investigated and analyzed. The originality of the proposed architecture is that allows to solve the problem of the finite precision due to the digital implementation while provides a good trade-off between high security, performance and hardware resources (low power and cost). Hardware digital implementation and FPGA circuit experimental results demonstrate a promising technique can be applied in efficient embedded ciphering communication systems. Moreover, the proposed chaotic system should be very useful for the consideration of reducing negative influence of dynamical degradation in real-time embedded applications.     

An invariant measure arising in computer simulation of a chaotic dynamical system

Summary Whenf(x)=2x (mod 1) is simulated in a finite discretized space, with random round-off error, the dynamical states can be modeled as belonging to a family of Markov chains. We completely characterize the invariant measure of the discretized dynamics in terms of easily computable stationary measures of the chains.     

On impulsive control for synchronization and its application to the nuclear spin generator system

The issue of impulsive control theory for the synchronization of the nuclear spin generator (NSG) chaotic systems is developed. We propose an impulsive control scheme for the complete synchronization of the NSG system including chaotic systems. A sufficient condition for the impulsive control is derived, with an easily calculated maximum impulsive interval. The proposed impulsive control scheme is applied to the NSG system and the simulation result demonstrates the effectiveness of the method.     

A new adaptive variable structure control for chaotic synchronization and secure communication

A novel adaptive complementary variable structure control is proposed in this paper for chaotic synchronization. The bounded parameters of the model approximation error and the external disturbance are all regarded as unknown constants in this paper. Based on Lyapunov’s stability theory and the Babalat’s lemma the proposed controller has been shown to render the synchronous error to zero. The Duffing–Holmes oscillator was used as an illustrative example. Simulation results validated that the proposed scheme in the application of secure communication.     

Chaos and chaos synchronization for a non-autonomous rotational machine systems

Chaos and chaos synchronization of the centrifugal flywheel governor system are studied in this paper. By mechanics analyzing, the dynamical equation of the centrifugal flywheel governor system is established. Because of the non-linear terms of the system, the system exhibits both regular and chaotic motions. The characteristic of chaotic attractors of the system is presented by the phase portraits and power spectra. The evolution from Hopf bifurcation to chaos is shown by the bifurcation diagrams and a series of Poincaré sections under different sets of system parameters, and the bifurcation diagrams are verified by the related Lyapunov exponent spectra. This letter addresses control for the chaos synchronization of feedback control laws in two coupled non-autonomous chaotic systems with three different coupling terms, which is demonstrated and verified by Lyapunov exponent spectra and phase portraits. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed chaos synchronization scheme.     

Adaptive control for modified projective synchronization of a four-dimensional chaotic system with uncertain parameters

This article is concerned with the modified projective synchronization problem for a class of four-dimensional chaotic system with uncertain parameters. By utilizing Lyapunov method, an adaptive control scheme for the synchronization has been presented. The control performances are verified by a numerical simulation.