SDE-GC联用分析啤酒中N-亚硝胺

运用一滴溶剂萃取 气相色谱 (SDE GC)联用技术对啤酒中N 亚硝胺的分析进行了可行性探讨 ,讨论了一滴溶剂萃取的影响因素 ,优化了实验条件。该方法对挥发性亚硝胺检测线性范围在 5 0～ 70 0 μg L之间 ,检出限 :N 亚硝基二乙胺 (NDEA)为 1 0 μg L ,N 亚硝基吡咯烷 (NPYR)为 2 0 μg L ,N 亚硝基二丁胺(NDBA)为 5 μg L。回收率为 90 .9%～ 97.3% ,相对标准偏差为 6.1 %～ 7.9% ,一滴溶剂萃取所用的有机溶剂很少 ( 1～ 2 μL) ,环境污染小 ,萃取时间短 ,且回收率高。     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中醚类杀虫剂

农药的使用,对发展现代农业起到了积极作用,但是其大量使用甚至滥用,不仅对环境造成严重的污染,同时对人体健康造成危害,因此,对农药进行分析和检测十分必要[1]。固相基质(土壤等)的萃取方法主要有索氏提取[2]、超声辅助萃取[3]、微波辅助萃取[4]、超临界萃取[5]和加速溶剂萃取[6]等。加速溶剂萃取是在较高温度(50℃~200℃)、较高压力(6.89~20.68MPa)下对样品进行萃取,溶剂用量     

SDE—GC—μECD分析水中挥发性卤代烃

运用微滴溶剂萃取-气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器联用技术(SDE—GC-μECD)对水中挥发性卤代烃(VHH)的分析进行了可行性探讨，优化了微滴溶剂萃取技术的多种影响因素，方法在0．1～20μg／L之间呈线性，相关系数为0．9991～0．9998，相对标准偏差在1．2％～4．6％之间，加标回收率在83％～117％之间。该方法所用的有机溶剂很少(1～2μL)，装置简便，是值得推广的绿色环保、高效的前处理方法.     

读者园地

答 :镁合金中镍为杂质元素 ,其含量 [w(Ni) ]常在 0 .0 1%以下。用丁二酮肟直接光度法测定灵敏度稍嫌不够。而通过H2 DX CHCl3萃取分离法可使微量镍 (Ⅱ )从 0 .5～ 1.0g试样中富集于小体积返萃取溶液中 ,从而使方法的测定下限降低至测定微量镍的要求。用三氯甲烷萃取Ni(HDX) 2 宜在微氨性溶液中进行。在柠檬酸盐作掩蔽剂时 ,萃取的酸度范围为pH 7.2～ 12 ,而用酒石酸盐作掩蔽剂时萃取的适宜pH范围为 4 .8～ 12。在pH >12 ,镍 (Ⅱ )与H2 DX形成棕色的氧化镍丁二酮肟络合物 ,不能被三氯甲烷萃取。如有大量锰 (Ⅱ ) (>2 5mg)存在 ,因其…     

SDE-GC-μEGD分析水中挥发性卤代烃

运用微滴溶剂萃取-气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器联用技术(SDE-GC-μECD)对水中挥发性卤代烃(vHH)的分析进行了可行性探讨,优化了微滴溶剂萃取技术的多种影响因素.方法在0.1～20μg/L之间呈线性,相关系数为0.999 1～0.999 8,相对标准偏差在1.2%～4.6%之间,加标回收率在83%～117%之间.该方法所用的有机溶剂很少(1～2 μL),装置简便,是值得推广的绿色环保、高效的前处理方法.     

微流控芯片微孔膜液-液萃取系统

微流控芯片(Microfluidic chip)是微全分析系统(MTAS)研究中最为活跃的领域和发展前沿,在仪器微型化方面展现出很多优点^[1].Kitamori等^[2,3]根据多相层流无膜扩散分离技术建立了芯片上的微流控液-液萃取分离系统,对芯片上的液-液萃取方法进行了系统的研究.     

用于固相微萃取的乙烯基开链冠醚复合涂层的研制

固相微萃取 (SPME)是一种新型的样品预处理技术 [1] ,其核心是 SPME装置中萃取头上的固相涂层 .目前商用 SPME涂层的种类较少 ,热稳定性较差 (推荐使用温度 2 0 0～ 2 80℃ ) ,使用寿命较短(40～ 1 0 0次 ) ,价格偏高 ,限制了其推广应用 .因此发展高选择性、高稳定性和高效的固     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行第六讲金属材料中稀土元素的测定(续)

2.萃取分离-CPA-mA分光光度法测定稀土总量(摘自国家标准GB/T 223.49-1994)[适用范围]:碳钢、合金钢、高温合金及精密合金[测定范围]:w(∑RE)0.001%~0.20%[方法提要](1)试样溶解:按试样中总稀土的估计含量称取0.100 0~1.000 0 g试样,置于烧杯中,溶于适量的浓盐酸和浓硝酸的混合     

SDE-GC-μECD分析水中挥发性卤代烃

运用微滴溶剂萃取-气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器联用技术(SDE-GC-μECD)对水中挥发性卤代烃(VHH)的分析进行了可行性探讨,优化了微滴溶剂萃取技术的多种影响因素。方法在0.1~20μg/L之间呈线性,相关系数为0.9991~0.9998,相对标准偏差在1.2%~4.6%之间,加标回收率在83%~117%之间。该方法所用的有机溶剂很少(1~2μL),装置简便,是值得推广的绿色环保、高效的前处理方法。     

藏红T萃取分光光度法测定岩石矿物中的微量汞

藏红T[SafraninT(C. I. BasicRed 2)]属于醌亚胺类对氮蒽碱性染料,虽已用于萃取光度法和萃取萤光光度法,但尚未见用于汞的测定.作者在研究和应用碘绿^[1]、乙基紫^[2]、酚藏花红^[3]和碱性品红^[4]等碱性染料作为汞的新显色剂基础上,应用藏红T作显色剂,建立了萃取分光光度法测定微量汞的新方法,并将此法用于岩矿中微量汞的测定.     

Extraction of trace organic pollutants from aqueous samples by a single drop method

Summary A single drop extraction method for isolation of trace organic pollutants from aqueous samples is described. The optimisation of extraction parameters such as drop volume, temperature, time and solvent type, on the extraction efficiency was investigated. This technique involves use of small amounts of organic solvent (2μL) in a conventional GC syringe. The analytical performance of this technique is presented for the determination of trichlorobenzene and trichloromethane. Suitable precision of extraction was obtained with RSD values in the range of 2.5–5.2%. Presented at Balaton Symposium on High Performance Separation Methods, Siófok Hungary, September 1–3, 1999     

Ultrasound-assisted Low Density Solvent Based Dispersive Liquid-liquid Microextraction for Determination of Phthalate Esters in Bottled Water Samples

A technique of ultrasound-assisted low density solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed for the determination of four phthalate esters, including dimethyl phthalate(DMP), diethyl phthalate(DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate(DnBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) in bottled water samples. A low density solvent, toluene, was selected as extraction solvent. In the extraction process, a mixture of 15 μL of toluene(extraction solvent) and 100 μL of methanol(disperser solvent) was rapidly injected into 1.0 mL of water samples. A cloudy solution was formed after ultrasounded for 5 min, and then centrifuged at 5000 r/min for 5 min. The enriched analytes in the floating phase were determined by means of gas chromatograph. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors were found to be in a range of 29-67, and the recoveries were ranged from 81.2% to 103.9%. The limits of the detection were in a range of 3.8-5.6 μg/L. The proposed method was applied to the extraction and determination of phthalate esters in bottled water samples, and the concentrations of phthalate esters found in the water samples were below the allowable levels.     

磁固相萃取-液相色谱法测定环境水样中有机紫外防晒剂

采用自制的聚离子液体功能化磁性材料有效富集有机紫外防晒剂，并与高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-DAD）联用，建立了环境水样中痕量有机紫外防晒剂的检测方法。研究系统考察了解吸溶剂、吸附和解吸时间、样品pH值、离子强度等因素对萃取性能的影响。在最佳萃取条件下，水杨酸辛酯的线性范围为0.5~200.0 μg/L，其他有机紫外防晒剂的线性范围为0.2~200.0 μg/L；6种目标物的检出限（LOD，S/N=3）和定量限（LOQ，S/N=10）分别为0.009~0.13 μg/L和0.031~0.43 μg/L。所建方法成功用于实际环境水样中有机紫外防晒剂的测定，不同加标水平下目标物的加标回收率为71.4%~120%，相对标准偏差均低于10%。研究表明，所建方法具有操作简便、萃取速度快、灵敏度高和环境友好等特点，可用于环境水样中有机紫外防晒剂的检测。     

Solidified floating organic drop microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of carbamazepine in human plasma and urine samples

Solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) in combination with high performance liquid chromatography was used for separation/preconcentration and determination of carbamazepine (CBZ) in human plasma and urine samples. Parameters that affect the extraction efficiency such as the type and volume of extraction solvent, ionic strength, sodium hydroxide concentration, stirring rate, sample volume and extraction time, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions (extraction solvent, 40 μL of 1-undecanol; sodium hydroxide concentration, 1 mol/L; temperature, 50 ℃; stirring speed, 400 r/min; sample volume, 8 mL; sodium chloride concentration, 3% (w/v) and extraction time, 60 min) the calibration curve was found to be linear in the mass concentration range of 0.4-700.0 μg/L. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 μg/L and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for six replicate extraction and determination of carbamazepine at 100 μg/L level was found to be 4.1%. The method was successfully applied to the determination of CBZ in human plasma and urine samples.     

Covalently bonded aptamer‐functionalised magnetic mesoporous carbon for high‐efficiency chloramphenicol detection

A novel aptamer‐modified magnetic mesoporous carbon was prepared to develop a specific and sensitive magnetic solid‐phase extraction method through combination with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis chloramphenicol in complex samples. More specifically, the chloramphenicol aptamer‐modified Mg/Al layered double hydroxide magnetic mesoporous carbon was employed as a novel magnetic solid‐phase extraction sorbent for analyte enrichment and sample clean‐up. The extraction solvent, extraction time, desorption solvent, and desorption time were investigated. It was found that the mesoporous structure and aptamer‐based affinity interactions resulted in acceptable selective recognition and a good chemical stability toward trace amounts of chloramphenicol. Upon combination with the ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry technique, a specific and sensitive recognition method was developed with a low limit of detection (0.94 pmol/L, S/N = 3) for chloramphenicol analysis. The developed method was successfully employed for the determination of chloramphenicol in complex serum, milk powders, fish and chicken samples, giving recoveries of 87.0‐107% with relative standard deviations of 3.1‐9.7%.     

A highly sensitive spectrophotometric determination of ultra trace amounts of azide ion in water and biological samples after preconcentration using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique

A simple and highly sensitive method developed for preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of ultra trace amounts of azide ion (N ₃ ^? ) in water and biological samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) technique. The method is based on ion association formation of azide ion with malachite green and extraction of the ion pairing product using DLLME technique. Some important parameters, such as reaction conditions and the kind and volume of extraction solvent and disperser solvent were studied and optimized. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.5–50 μg/L of azide ion. Also, the enrichment factor and extraction recovery obtained were 24.7 and 98.7%, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of azide ion in water and biological samples.     

漂浮液滴固化分散液液微萃取与高效液相色谱联用检测环境水样中的3种烷基苯酚

建立了漂浮液滴固化分散液液微萃取(DLLME-SFO)方法,以脂肪酸作为萃取剂,以甲醇作为分散剂,与高效液相色谱联用检测了环境水样中3种烷基苯酚。对影响前处理方法的因素进行了详细考察,在最佳萃取条件(60μL萃取剂辛酸、600μL分散剂甲醇、pH值为2.0~8.0、10 mL水样中加入0.5 g NaCl)下,3种烷基苯酚在20~1 500μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数不小于0.998 5,3种目标化合物的检出限为0.45~0.61μg/L,富集倍数为145~169,实际样品中3个水平的加标回收率为80.1%~109.9%。该方法将脂肪酸作为萃取剂,与HPLC联用实现了烷基苯酚的富集与检测,为环境水样中烷基苯酚的检测提供了对环境友好的前处理新方法。     

微流控芯片停流液-液萃取技术的研究

基于微流控芯片的液-液萃取技术的研究是目前微流控芯片分析领域内的重要研究方向之一,与传统液-液萃取系统相比,萃取系统微型化所带来的优势表现为显著降低试样与试剂的消耗(仅为传统系统的万分之一)、分析速度快、易实现操作自动化和分析系统集成化。目前,在已报道的基于微流     

Liquid-liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Drops Coupled with Gas Chromatography for Analyzing Trace Benzene,Toluene and Xylene in Water Samples

A new liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of floating organic drops coupled with gas chromatography was developed for the determination of trace benzene, toluene and xylene(BTX) in water samples. In the microextraction procedure, a microdrop of n-decanol was delivered to the surface of the analytes’ solution, and stirred for a desired time. Following the absolute extraction, the sample vial was cooled in an ice bath for 10 min. The solidified n-decanol was then transferred into a plastic tube and melted naturally; and 1 μL of it was injected into gas chromatography for analysis. Factors relevant to the extraction efficiency were studied and optimized. The optimal experimental conditions were: 15 μL of n-decanol as extractive solvent, 30 mL of solution containing analytes, no salt, the stirring rate 400 r/min, the extraction temperature 30 °C, and the extraction time 30 min. Under those optimized conditions, the detection limit(LOD) of analytes was in a range of 0.05―0.10 ng/mL by the developed method. A good linearity(r>0.99) in a calibration range of 0.01―100 μg/mL was obtained. The recoveries of the real samples at different spiked levels of BTX were in the range from 92.2% to 103.4%.     

Headspace solvent microextraction as a simple and highly sensitive sample pretreatment technique for ultra trace determination of geosmin in aquatic media

A headspace solvent microextraction method was developed for the trace determination of geosmin, an odorant compound, in water samples. After performing the extraction by a microdrop of an organic solvent, the microdrop was introduced directly into a GC-MS injection port. One-at-the-time optimization strategy was applied to investigate and optimize some important extraction parameters such as type of solvent, drop volume, temperature, stirring rate, ionic strength, sample volume, and extraction time. The analytical data exhibited an RSD of less than 5% (n = 5), a linear calibration range of 5-900 ng/L (r2 > 0.998), and a detection limit of 0.8 and 3.3 ng/L using two different sets of selected ions. The proposed method was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of geosmin in the spiked real water sample and reasonable recovery was achieved.