固相配位化学反应研究(LVI)——无水醋酸镍与水杨醛肟在室温下的固-固相化学反应

30℃常压条件下,无水醋酸镍与水杨醛肟发生固-固化学反应,生成反式-水杨醛肟合镍配合物,反应在4h内完成.产率高达99%.用元素分析、X射线粉末衍射红外光谱等表征了固相产物.用DTA法对比了在非等温条件下的固相反应情况,通过电导法计算出该固相反应的活化能.     

2，2''''－对苯二甲硫基二乙酸与醋酸镍在低热温度下的固－固相反应

２，２′－对苯二甲硫基二乙酸与醋酸镍在低热温度下的固－固相反应＊张卫华＊＊（湖北师范学院化学系黄石４３５００２）忻新泉（南京大学配位化学国家重点实验室南京２１００９３关键词２，２′－对苯二甲硫基二乙酸醋酸镍固－固相反应动力学有机硫醚酸类化合物近年来除...     

固相配位化学反应研究 LVⅢ.2,2′-对苯二甲硫基二乙酸与醋酸铜在低热温度下的固相化学反应

本文研究2,2’-对苯二甲硫基二乙酸与一水醋酸铜在低热温度下发生的固-固相配位化学反应.用XRD,IR,ESR和元素分析等手段表征反应在50℃进行8h后的固相产物.用电导法研究等温固相反应,探讨可能的动力学机理,并计算了固相反应的动力学参数.     

棉秆半焦与载镍橄榄石固-固化学链反应动力学研究

本实验利用微型流化床反应分析仪(MFBRA)研究了棉秆半焦(CSC)与载镍橄榄石(Ni/olivine)的固-固化学链反应特性,利用模型拟合法在等温条件下对29种模型函数进行拟合计算,从中选取了最优的三种模型,计算出棉秆半焦和载氧体的固-固反应动力学。结果表明,CO和CO_2是CSC与Ni/olivine反应的主要气体产物,固-固反应过程中,先析出CO后再析出CO_2,CSC并不会完全转换成CO_2,产气中CO的浓度比CO_2大;随着反应温度的升高,产气中CO和CO_2的浓度和产率增加。CO、CO_2和CSC利用三种不同模型函数计算出来的活化能平均值分别为27.5、46.4和69.8 kJ/mol。利用热重研究了CSC和Ni/olivine非等温反应特性及动力学,结果表明,CSC和Ni/olivine的反应从750℃开始,在890℃时反应速率达到了峰值,非等温反应活化能为72.05 kJ/mol,这与MFBRA等温动力学活化能基本相似,说明生物质化学链气化过程中,半焦和镍基载氧体的固-固反应较容易发生。     

含氮杂环化合物固相化学反应研究——Ⅰ.3. -甲基-1-苯基-5-吡唑啉酮与羰基化合物的固相反应

研究了含氮杂环化合物3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡唑啉酮(MPP)与芳香醛酮、苯偶酰衍生物和酰亚胺的固相反应及与4-芳甲叉基-3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡唑啉酮2的固相Michael加成反应.不同的条件下,反应产物不同,发现了这些化合物之间的一些新的固相反应,由此得到了一系列新化合物,产物的结构由IR,~1HNMR,MS、元素分析及晶体X-射线衍射确定,并对反应机理进行了初步探讨.     

2|4-二氯-5-硝基嘧啶甲胺化的ab initio研究

2，4-二氯-5-硝基嘧啶的甲胺化反应是制备鸟嘌呤衍生物中间体的重要反应[1]，实验发现该反应主要有三种产物：究竟哪种产物占优势？主要由反应物（Ⅰ）和甲胺分子的电子结构性质决定，本文对反应物（Ⅰ）和甲胺的电子结构性质进行了abinitio研究．采用RHF能量梯度法，在DZ基组水平上对反应物（Ⅰ）和甲胺分子进行全分子几何优化，梯度模收敛指标控制为0刀003·对得到的平衡几何进行市居数分析和静电势研究．计算采用Tulbomole程序［到在SGI图形工作站上完成．反应物（I）分子的平衡几何如图1所示．从优化后的结构可知，硝基和南吠环不在…     

关于反应速率、反应速率常数及指前因子的讨论

针对物理化学动力学中反应速率、反应物消耗速率及产物生成速率,反应速率常数、反应物消耗速率常数及产物生成速率常数,指前因子、反应物消耗指前因子及产物生成指前因子,对它们与化学计量方程的写法及反应组分的选取之间的关系进行了讨论,对其单位中物质的量单位mol作了解释,指明半衰期公式中应该用与反应物对应的速率常数kA。     

离子液体中用Heck反应合成2-取代萘烯丙醇化合物

利用Heck反应, 在离子液体、金属钯或镍、碱和膦配体反应体系中, 由卤代萘与烯丙醇反应, 制得了高收率和高选择性的2-取代萘烯丙醇化合物. 该方法原料便宜易得、操作简单、反应体系可循环使用. 并讨论了醋酸镍替代醋酸钯、不同膦配体、溶剂及碱对反应转化率的影响. 通过核磁共振、红外光谱、质谱和元素分析对产物的结构进行了表征.     

间-四(4-羟基苯基)卟啉金属配合物的固相合成研究

本文研究了在固相条件ＴＨＰＰ与金属铜或铅配合物的合成，反应温度和引发剂对反应速率影响较大。合成产物的可见光谱、红外光谱和荧光光谱与液相条件下合成的样品一致。     

热重-固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用研究葡萄糖/天冬酰胺模拟体系非水相Maillard反应

利用热重-固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱(TG-SPME/GC-Ms)联用对葡萄糖/天冬酰胺模拟体系非水相Maillard反应热学性质进行了研究,并分析了模拟体系46种热解逸出挥发性产物相对含量的动态变化情况.探讨了有效减少Maillard反应产物丙烯酰胺的方法.结果表明:葡萄糖/天冬酰胺模拟体系非水相Mail-lard反...     

Diffusion and kinetics of solvent-free reaction between molecular crystals by time-resolved powder UV-Vis reflection spectrum

Traditionally, chemical reaction between solids has been considered to typically occur on a geological time scale without the benefit of high temperature, due to diffusion block in the solids. However, recent advancements have revealed that many solvent-free reactions between molecular crystals can quickly occur at room or near-room temperature. These reactions have raised a novel scientific question as to how the reactive species can overcome the diffusion-controlled kinetic limitations under such moderate conditions. From time-resolved powder UV-vis reflection spectra and optical micrographs with the reaction between dimethylglyoxime and Ni(Ac) 2.4H 2O and the reaction between hexamethylenetetramine and CoCl 2.6H 2O as models, we found that the solvent-free reaction really occurs at an intermediate state between the solid state and the liquid state. Formation of the liquid phase provides a convenient approach to diffusion of reactive species, whereas formation of a solid product layer hampered the transfer of reactive species. Both factors led to a broad reactive rate band in the long reaction region. The results have explained the diffusion mechanism of the fast reaction between the molecular crystals under moderate conditions.     

镍(Ⅱ)-丁二肟体系的吸附伏安法研究

本文研究了镍(Ⅱ)-丁二肟体系在悬汞电极上的吸附伏安法。当电极向阴极方向扫描时,吸附在电极上的Ni(Ⅱ)A₂分二步不可逆地还原到Ni(O)(Hg)。对非紧密吸附作了理论分析。计算出的线性扫描吸附伏安法的灵敏度为10^-9—10^-10M与文献报导的实验值一致。     

Some distinguishing tests for α-amino acids and a specific spot test for lysine

Tests are described for differentiation between neutral, basic, and acidic amino acids based on the formation of nickel dimethylglyoxime precipitate from an equilibrium mixture containing Ni²⁺, dimethylglyoxime and Ni²⁺, dimethylglyoxime-glycine. A highly sensitive and specific test for lysine is described, based on the formation of nickel dimethylglyoxime precipitate in a drop of the equilibrium mixture, by the reaction of the volatile amino aldehyde, produced by the oxidative deamination-decarboxylation of lysine. Other basic amino acids, i.e., arginine and histidine do not interfere, and the test can be applied for lysine in a mixture with other amino acids.     

六次甲基四胺与氯化钴室温固相反应机制的研究

室温固相反应作为一种高效、绿色的合成方法,在配位化合物、纳米材料、金属簇合物以及复合金属氧化物的合成中已经得到了广泛的应用[1￣6]。然而,到目前为止人们对室温固相反应的微观机制尚处于     

Redox-induced solid-solid phase transformation of TCNQ microcrystals into semiconducting Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 nanowire (flowerlike) architectures: a combined voltammetric, spectroscopic, and microscopic study

The facile solid-solid phase transformation of TCNQ microcrystals into semiconducting and magnetic Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 nanowire (flowerlike) architectures is achieved by reduction of TCNQ-modified electrodes in the presence of Ni2+(aq)-containing electrolytes. Voltammetric probing revealed that the chemically reversible TCNQ/Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 conversion process is essentially independent of electrode material and the identity of nickel counteranion but is significantly dependent on scan rate, Ni2+(aq) electrolyte concentration, and the method of solid TCNQ immobilization (drop casting or mechanical attachment). Data analyzed from cyclic voltammetric and double-potential step chronoamperometric experiments are consistent with formation of the Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 complex via a rate-determining nucleation/growth process that involves incorporation of Ni2+(aq) ions into the reduced TCNQ crystal lattice at the triple phase TCNQ|electrode|electrolyte interface. The reoxidation process, which includes the conversion of solid Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 back to TCNQ0 crystals, is also controlled by nucleation/growth kinetics. The overall redox process associated with this chemically reversible solid-solid transformation, therefore, is described by the equation: TCNQ0(S) + 2e- + Ni2+(aq)+ 2 H2O <==> {Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2}(S). SEM monitoring of the changes that accompany the TCNQ/Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 transformation revealed that the morphology and crystal size of electrochemically generated Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 are substantially different from those of parent TCNQ crystals. Importantly, the morphology of Ni[TCNQ]2(H2O)2 can be selectively manipulated to produce either 1-D/2-D nanowires or 3-D flowerlike architectures via careful control over the experimental parameters used to accomplish the solid-solid phase interconversion process.     

Biacetyl monoxime glycinimine as a selective reagent for palladium and nickel

Biacetyl monoxime glycinimine is proposed as a new reagent for the selective gravimetric and extractive photometric determination of Pd(II) and Ni(II). The reagent forms yellow and rose-red water-insoluble complexes with Pd (pH 0.5–5.5) and Ni (pH 5.0–11.2) respectively. The complexes can be used for direct gravimetric determination or extracted with molten naphthalene. The solidified naphthalene—complex mixture is dissolved in chloroform and measured photometrically. The effects of experimental variables and diverse ions are reported. The proposed reagent offers better selectivity than dimethylglyoxime.     

Structure and behavior of organic analytical reagents : Dimethylglyoxime and its oxygen monomethyl ether

The titration procedure described in previous papers of this series has been applied to a study of some metallic chelates of dimethylglyoxime and of its O-monomethyl ether. Evidence is presented for the existence of dimethylglyoxime chelates with Zn (II), Pb (II), Cd (II), and La (III) in addition to the known Cu (II), Ni (II), and Co (II) complexes. Formation constants are calculated for these complexes, and for those of dimethylglyoxime O-monomethyl ether, on the basis of their most probable structures. The results indicate that the famed specificity of dimethylglyoxime fur nickel does not lie in any special stability of this chclate. but in some other factor, possibly solubility. A comparison of the chelates of dimethylglyoxime with those of its O-ether is discussed in terms of such structural factors as hydrogen bonding and steric hindrance. Heat content and entropy changes have been calculated for the chelation of dimethylglyoxime with Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions.     

Controlled synthesis of mesoporous SiO2/Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 core-shell microspheres with tunable chamber structures via a self-template method

Mesoporous SiO2/Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 core-shell microspheres with tunable chamber structures have been synthesized by the reaction between Ni(Ac)2.4H2O and SiO2 microspheres via a simple self-template approach.     

一个新的测定镍的分光光度法——-以2-4-溴-2-苯骈噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙胺基苯酚作试剂

At pH 9.5 nickel reacts with 2-(6-bromo-2-benzothiazolylazo)-5 diethylamino-phenol (Br-BTAE) in the presence of Tween-80 and sodium lauryl sulfate to form a red-violet complex which has an absorption maximum at 540 nm (e 2.5X10^5). Though this is also the absorption maximum of the reagent, yet the reagent will readily decompose at 40-50`C within 20 min. The reagent blank is low and the error is negligible. Beer's law is obeyed for 0.01-0.125 \mγ nickel in a 1mL solution. The composition of the complex was found to be Ni/Br-BTAE=1:2 by the continuous-variation method. This method can be applied to the determination of nickel in electroplating waste-water and in copper-aluminium alloy and steel samples after extraction with dimethylglyoxime. The results of the analysis agree with that from AAS and dimethylglyoxime method     

Ni2P/HZSM5上噻吩加氢脱硫性能研究

采用程序升温还原方法制备了Ni2P/HZSM5催化剂。用X射线衍射 (XRD)、低温N2吸附（BET）、扫描电镜(SEM)等技术对催化剂样品的物相、比表面积、形貌等性质进行了表征。在连续微反系统中测定了Ni2P/HZSM5催化剂对噻吩加氢脱硫催化活性；研究了Ni2P负载量、前驱体中Ni/P摩尔比对催化剂的物相及性能的影响，考察了空速、反应温度、反应压力等操作条件对催化剂上噻吩加氢脱硫性能的影响。实验结果表明，Ni2P/HZSM5催化剂对噻吩加氢脱硫反应具有较高的活性和稳定性。随着Ni2P负载量、前驱体中Ni/P摩尔比的增加，催化剂的活性和稳定性先升高后降低。反应温度和体积空速对Ni2P/HZSM5催化剂的噻吩加氢脱硫性能有较明显的影响，反应压力和进料氢油比的影响相对较小。