Mössbauer characterization of biotites from zoned pegmatites

We have measured total cross sections for 5–302 eV positrons and 31–302 eV electrons scattered by atomic hydrogen using a beam-transmission technique. Atomic hydrogen obtained from a radio frequency (rf) discharge source flows into an aluminium scattering cell maintained at about 150 K to minimize recombination. Absolute total cross sections are obtained by making relative measurements for positrons and electrons scattering from H₂ and a known mixture of H and H₂, and then normalizing the measurements for positron-H₂ scattering to prior absolute measurements. Our total cross section measurements for positrons and electrons scattering from H are found to be merged to within 5% for energies from 31 to 302 eV.     

Electron capture by slow multiply charged Ar and Ne ions from atomic hydrogen

At collision energies below 15 keV total charge transfer cross sections have been measured for multiply charged Ar^ζ+(2≦ζ≦6) and Ne^ζ+(2≦ζ≦4) ions colliding with atomic hydrogen. A Wood discharge was used to provide a hydrogen target with a sufficiently high degree of dissociation. Results are compared with measurements performed at higher energies and with theoretical calculations. For ζ=2 cross sections in atomic hydrogen are much smaller than in the molecular case, for ζ>2 the ratio of these cross sections varies between 0.7 and 1.6.     

Doubly-differential ionization cross sections of positron impact on argon

We report the first measurement of doubly-differential ionization cross sections for positron impact on argon atoms. Energy- and angle-resolved measurements of ejected electrons in time correlation with the produced and detected ions have been performed. Corresponding measurements with incident electrons were made for comparison. With positrons and electrons as primary particles of 100 eV energy and ejected electrons of 15 eV, our measurements were extended over electron-emission angles from 0 to 90. Lacking theoretical predictions for the doubly-differential ionization of argon, we compare our measured data with the theoretical doubly-differential ionization cross sections, calculated for positron and electron impact on hydrogen by Klar and Berakdar (Freiburg) [1]. The angular dependence of positron and electron cross sections for argon agrees well with the theory for hydrogen. In particular, we found that for small angles of electron ejection the cross section for positron impact ionization exceeds that for electron impact by an order of magnitude in accordance with the predictions of Klar and Berakdar.     

Differential cross sections for muonic hydrogen scattering on hydrogen molecules

The results of first calculations of the differential cross sections for muonic hydrogen scattering on hydrogen molecules are presented. They are functions of the initial and final kinetic energy of the system and the scattering angle. These calculations are based on the respective set of cross sections for muonic hydrogen scattering on hydrogen nuclei, obtained within the framework of the adiabatic method. The Fermi pseudopotential method is used to estimate the molecular binding effects. The influence of electrons on the cross sections under consideration is described in terms of the effective screening potential. Rotational and vibrational transitions are taken into account. The calculated molecular differential cross sections show a strong angular dependence. This effect is very significant for the electronic contributions to the cross sections, e.g. for collision energies above approximately 0.1 eV only the cross sections of small scattering angles are influenced considerably by the screening. Since these differential cross sections give detailed information about the final energies and complicated angular distributions of the scattered muonic atoms they are the proper basis for calculations concerning the deceleration of muonic hydrogen atoms in molecular hydrogen targets and for Monte Carlo simulations of different experiments in muonic physics.     

Measurements of the total neutron cross sections of hydrogen and carbon at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 MeV

The total neutron cross sections of carbon and hydrogen were measured at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 MeV. The determination of the H(n, n) cross section often used as a standard was the major objective of the present measurements and values were obtained with accuracies of ～0.2 %, 0.2 % and 0.4 % respectively. A parameter set for the shape-independent effective-range approximation of the H(n, n) cross section was obtained with the present and other recent data indicating lower crosssection values than given in the Hopkins-Breit analysis.     

Lattice dynamics of solid molecular hydrogen for densities 26.18 + 60.78 nm−3, as seen from total neutron interaction cross section measurements

Abstract

The total neutron interaction cross sections versus energy measurements have been carried out on solid parahydrogen for almost 100% change of its density. Some integral parameters of hydrogen very anharmonic phonon spectrum have been determined fro. an analysis of these data.     

Heavy fragment production cross sections from 1.05 GeV/nucleon 56Fe in C, Al, Cu, Pb, and CH2 targets

We have obtained charge-changing cross sections and partial cross sections for fragmentation of 1.05 GeV/nucleon Fe projectiles incident on H, C, Al, Cu, and Pb nuclei. The energy region covered by this experiment is critical for an understanding of galactic cosmic ray propagation and space radiation biophysics. Surviving primary beam particles and fragments with charges from 12 to 25 produced within a forward cone of half-angle 61 mrad were detected using a silicon detector telescope to identify their charge and the cross sections were calculated after correction of the measured yields for finite target thickness effects. The cross sections are compared to model calculations and to previous measurements. Cross sections for the production of fragments with even-numbered nuclear charges are seen to be enhanced in almost all cases.     

氢原子(e,2e)反应中BBK模型非一阶效应的理论研究

用BBK模型和修正后的BBK模型对入射能分别为54.4eV,150eV,250eV时共面非对称几何条件下电子离化氢原子的三重微分散射截面进行了计算,并把结果与一级玻恩近似下的计算结果以及实验数据进行了比较,对修正后的BBK模型中非一阶效应进行了分析和探讨.发现该模型中的末态三体间的屏蔽包含了极强的非一阶效应的信息. 关键词： 非一阶效应 DS3C模型 binary峰 recoil峰     

氢原子(e, 2e) 反应中二重微分截面的理论研究

用BBK模型和修正后的BBK模型, 计算了入射能为15.6 eV, 17.6 eV, 25 eV, 40 eV的电子入射电离氢原子的二重微分散射截面. 本文把计算结果与测量的实验结果进行比较, 分析了截面的结构, 系统研究了交换效应对截面的贡献.     

The total charge-changing cross sections and the partial cross sections of 56Fe fragmentation on Al,C and CH2 targets

The total charge-changing cross sections and the partial cross sections of ⁵⁶Fe fragmentation on polyethylene, carbon and aluminum targets at the highest energy of 496 A MeV are investigated using CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector. The total charge-changing cross-section for hydrogen target is calculated based on the results of polyethylene and carbon targets. It is found that the total charge-changing cross sections for fragmentation of ⁵⁶Fe on hydrogen, carbon and aluminum targets are independent on the beam energy in our studied energies, and are consistent with the predictions of Bradt–Peter semi-empirical formula, Nilsen parameterized formula, NUCFRG2 and QMSFRG theoretical simulation codes. The partial cross sections for projectile fragment production are independent on beam energy in our studied energies for each targets and do not show a significant even-odd effect.     

On the theory of (e, 2e) reactions in atomic hydrogen and helium

We compare the results of eikonal-Born series calculations which we have performed for the (e, 2e) reaction in atomic hydrogen with recent absolute measurements of triple differential cross sections for that process, carried out in the asymmetric coplanar geometry. We find that second-order effects play a crucial role in understanding both the angular positions and the magnitudes of the binary and recoil peaks. The implications of our analysis for the case of (e, 2e) reactions in helium are also discussed.     

26g,mAl production cross sections from the 23Na(α, n)26Al reaction

Cross sections have been determined for the production of ^{26g, m}Al from the ²³Na(α, n) reaction. Total ²⁶Al production cross sections were obtained from measurements of the thick-target neutron yield. ^26mAl cross sections were measured using an activation technique. ^26gAl cross sections were deduced by subtracting the ^26mAl cross sections from the total (α, n) cross sections. The principle of detailed balance has been applied to the low-energy data to obtain cross sections for the astrophysically interesting ^26gAl(n, α₀)²³Na reaction. These results are compared with the results of Hauser-Feshbach calculations.     

Differential cross sections for np and nd elastic scattering near 130 MeV

We have measured the np (nd) elastic scattering cross sections at 25(17) angles in the interval 30°–168° (c.m.), using a neutron beam with a broad spectrum peaked near 130 MeV. At backward angles the outgoing charged particles from a liquid hydrogen (deuterium) target were detected; at forward angles we detected neutrons scattered from a hydrogenated (deuterated) scintillating target. Cross sections have been normalized to the energy dependent solution of the Livermore nucleon-nucleon partial wave analysis, evaluated at 130 MeV. The np measurements represent a marginal improvement on previous work; the nd cross sections show some differences from pd measurements, in agreement with earlier indications at an energy of 152 MeV.     

Total interaction and proton-removal cross-section measurements for the proton-rich isotopes 7Be, 8B,and 9C

In an experiment performed at the FRS of GSI, we measured total interaction cross sections for ⁷Be, ⁸B, and ⁹C, one-proton-removal cross sections for ⁸B and ⁹C as well as two-proton-removal cross sections for ⁹C on targets ranging from carbon to lead at an energy of 285 MeV/nucleon. In addition, we performed measurements at 142 MeV/nucleon for ⁸B. The experimental results are compared to different calculations. Glauber-type calculations with different model·density distributions show that, down to incident energies of about 50 MeV/nucleon, total interaction cross-section measurements with light targets are not sensitive to an extended proton distribution in ⁸B. However, at lower incident energies, a tail in the proton density distribution is needed to explain the total interaction cross sections. Total interaction cross-section measurements with high-Z targets in the present experiment show a significant increase of the cross sections due to low-lying electromagnetic strength.     

Target structure induced suppression of the ionization cross section for very low energy antiproton-hydrogen collisions

Low energy antiprotons have been used previously to give benchmark data for theories of atomic collisions. Here we present measurements of the cross section for single, nondissociative ionization of molecular hydrogen for impact of antiprotons with kinetic energies in the range 2-11 keV, i.e., in the velocity interval of 0.3-0.65 a.u. We find a cross section which is proportional to the projectile velocity, which is quite unlike the behavior of corresponding atomic cross sections, and which has never previously been observed experimentally.     

14MeV中子引起的Pb(n,x)203Hg, W(n,x)182Ta和W(n,x)183Ta的核反应截面测量

利用活化方法测量了14MeV中子引起的Pb(n,x)²⁰³Hg,W(n,x)¹⁸²Ta和W(n,x)¹⁸³Ta的反应截面.中子注量由监督反应⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb给出,中子能量利用⁹⁰Zr(n,2n)^89m+gZr和⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb反应的截面比来确定.     

(e,2e)反应中冲量近似的理论研究

利用冲量近似理论和玻恩近似方法, 以氢原子(1s)为例, 在共面不对称几何条件下用多种模型分别计算了若干入射能、 散射角情形下电子碰撞电离(e, 2e) 反应的三重微分散射截面. 与其他的理论方法和实验数据进行了比较, 分析了曲线结构差异及原因, 对其适用范围进行了研究, 并探讨了交换效应的贡献, 验证了早期的研究. 关键词： 扭曲波冲量近似 平面波冲量近似 三重微分截面     

类氢离子的电荷剥离截面

使用双撞近似和托马斯－费米近似计算了类氢离子Ｌｉ＾２＋和Ｃ＾５＋与中性原子Ｈ和Ｈｅ碰撞的电荷剥离截面。计算结果表明,总截面主要处在０．３５－１０的速度范围,这些载面与ＴｏｓｈｚｏＳｈｉｒａｉ等人计算的结果符合得较好。     

He与HD、HT、DT碰撞的转动激发研究

采用Tang-Toennies势模型,通过坐标变换,得到了氦原子与氢的非对称同位素替代分子体系在质心坐标系中的势能函数.在此基础上,计算了上述体系的低能碰撞转动激发截面.文中最后讨论了氦原子与氢的非对称同位素替代体系碰撞的微分截面的变化规律     

Al production cross sections from the Na(α, n)Al reaction

Cross sections have been determined for the production of ^{26g, m}Al from the ²³Na(α, n) reaction. Total ²⁶Al production cross sections were obtained from measurements of the thick-target neutron yield. ^26mAl cross sections were measured using an activation technique. ^26gAl cross sections were deduced by subtracting the ^26mAl cross sections from the total (α, n) cross sections. The principle of detailed balance has been applied to the low-energy data to obtain cross sections for the astrophysically interesting ^26gAl(n, α₀)²³Na reaction. These results are compared with the results of Hauser-Feshbach calculations.