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为了辐照生物活细胞,束流须经由真空隔离窗引入大气环境中.在真空隔离窗的设计中,对结构、材料种类及其厚度的选择既要尽可能地减小束斑展宽,又要兼顾安全性.应用有限元分析软件对不同结构、不同材料的真空窗进行受力分析,模拟真空窗的形变和等效应力,运用强度理论考察候选真空窗的安全性;并运用SRIM程序模拟离子的小角散射、横向射程,计算入射离子的能量、真空窗材料及其厚度、空气层对束斑展宽的影响;最后提出真空窗适宜的结构、材料及厚度范围. 相似文献
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高超声速推进技术是国际前沿研究, 其中双模态超燃冲压发动机的发展受到极大关注. 作为超燃冲压发动机的重要部件, 隔离段对发动机的性能和高超声速飞行的实现至关重要, 其中所涉及的流动机理问题也极为复杂. 自从高超声速飞行的概念被提出和论证以来, 相关的理论、试验和仿真研究不断取得进展, 但是对其中的机理问题研究仍有待进一步深入. 本文将从试验研究的角度回顾并综述近年来超燃冲压发动机隔离段的研究进展, 结合精细流动测试技术(Nano-tracer Planar Laser Scattering, NPLS)的发展分析了隔离段流场特征, 包括了激波串流场复杂的三维时空结构特点、湍流特性、非线性迟滞运动、不启动流场特征以及激波前缘检测等. 从风洞设备、隔离段设计、测试技术等方面对隔离段的试验研究进行了分类比较和论述, 对今后隔离段试验研究提出了建议. 相似文献
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激光二极管斜抽运的多增益段串接的液体激光器能够明显地提高激光光束质量、获得较高的输出功率.针对斜抽运子增益段工作时所涉及的流动、传热和壁面耦合,建立了计算子增益段流场热分布的流-热-固耦合模型,应用有限单元法完成了其瞬态流场热分布的数值模拟.该方法排除了不精确的换热系数对计算结果的影响,使得换热系数不再是计算的先决条件,而只是计算结果之一,并且为评价流道形状、流速、吸收系数等因素对流场热的影响,以及进一步改进和控制液体激光介质的流场热分布,提供了可靠的分析方法.数值模拟研究表明:换热系数是空间位置的函数, 相似文献
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分析了拟建于北京市延庆县的1 MW太阳能塔式电站定日镜场对地面的遮阳情况.采用光线追迹计算了定日镜对地面的阴影.为了精确计算镜场对地面的阴影面积,提出了相邻镜面间阴影率的计算方法,并推导了计算公式.提出了在一段时期内地面日照时间分布的统计方法.使用MATLAB编程模拟了镜场对地面的阴影以及地面日照时间分布情况,并能够绘制任意时刻地面阴影图和任意时期内地面日照时间分布图. 相似文献
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The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for two-phase flow simulation is often hindered by insufficient resolution at the interface. As a result, the LBM simulation of bubbles in bubbling flows is commonly limited to spherical or slightly deformed bubble shapes. In this study, the adaptive mesh refinement method for the LBM is developed to overcome such a problem. The approach for this new method is based on the improved interaction potential model, which is able to maintain grid-independent fluid properties in the two-fluid phases and at the interface. The LBM–AMR algorithm is described, especially concerning the LBM operation on a non-uniform mesh and the improved interaction potential model. Numerical simulations have been performed to validate the method in both single phase and multiphase flows. The 2D and 3D simulations of the buoyant rise of bubbles are conducted under various conditions. The agreement between the simulated bubble shape and velocity with experiments illustrates the capability of the LBM–AMR approach in predicting bubble dynamics even under the large bubble deformation conditions. Further, the LBM–AMR technique is capable of simulating a complex topology change of the interface. Integration of LBM with AMR can significantly improve the accuracy and reduce computation cost. The method developed in this study may appreciably enhance the capability of LBM in the simulation of complex multiphase flows under realistic conditions. 相似文献
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We implement a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence based on an analogous Galerkin filter and focus on the fundamental statistical isotropic property. This regularized method is constructed based on orthogonal Hermite polynomial space. For decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence, this regularized method can simulate the isotropic property very well. Numerical studies demonstrate that the novel regularized LBM is a promising approximation of turbulent fluid flows, which paves the way for coupling various turbulent models with LBM. 相似文献
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Lattice Boltzmann methods (LBMs) are very efficient for computational fluid dynamics, and for capturing the dynamics of weak acoustic fluctuations. It is known that multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT–LBM) appears as a very robust scheme with high precision. There exist several free relaxation parameters in the MRT–LBM. Although these parameters have been tuned via linear analysis, the sensitivity analysis of these parameters and other related parameters is still not sufficient for describing the behavior of the dispersion and dissipation relations of the MRT–LBM. Previous researches have shown that the bulk dissipation in the MRT–LBM induces a significant over-damping of acoustic disturbances. This indicates that the classical MRT–LBM is not best suited to recover the correct behavior of pressure fluctuations. In wave-number space, the first/second-order sensitivity analyses of matrix eigenvalues are used to address the sensitivity of the wavenumber magnitudes to the dispersion-dissipation relations. By the first-order sensitivity analysis, the numerical behaviors of the group velocity of the MRT–LBM are first obtained. Afterwards, the distribution sensitivities of the matrix eigenvalues corresponding to the linearized form of the MRT–LBM are investigated in the complex plane. Based on the sensitivity analysis and an effective algorithm of recovering linearized Navier–Stokes equations (L-NSEs) from linearized MRT–LBM (L-MRT–LBM), we propose some simplified optimization strategies to determine the free relaxation parameters of the MRT–LBM. Meanwhile, the dispersion and dissipation relations of the optimal MRT–LBM are quantitatively compared with the exact dispersion and dissipation relations. At last, some numerical validations on classical acoustic benchmark problems are shown to assess the new optimal MRT–LBM. 相似文献
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十三点格子Boltzmann模型仿真 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
格子气和格子Boltzmann方法的迅速发展提供了一类求解流体力学问题的新方法。格子Boltzmann方法在保留了格子气模型优点的同时,克服了它的不足之处。本文讨论了一种三迭加HPP十三点模型,通过选择适当的平衡分布及参数,并用Chapman-Enskog展开和多尺度技术导出了Navier-Stokes方程。在微机上模拟了空腔流的流动问题,并与传统方法的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明该模型能较好的模拟复杂流动现象,并具有较好的工程应用背景。 相似文献
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基于树网格的格子Boltzmann方法以及曲线边界的处理 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
将格子玻尔兹曼方法(LBM)和BFECC技术相结合,在四叉树网格上实现,并用于二维不可压缩流动的求解.二维四叉树(三维八叉树)网格是一种非均匀网格,利用树结构进行数据存储,具有非常高的检索效率.BFECC是一种数值技巧,可以把求解输运方程的奇数阶格式通过误差修正提高一阶精度.基于四叉树网格的LBM,引入BFECC后,能有效减小输运过程中非均匀网格插值产生的误差,在总体上实现二阶精度,和经典的LBM方法相当.最后给出二维顶盖驱动方腔流动算例和二维圆柱绕流算例,从中可以看出格式的有效性. 相似文献
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高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)是一种新型的无创治疗肿瘤新技术,其中换能器声场数值计算能够为HIFU治疗提供重要的依据。传统非线性KZK和SBE模型广泛应用于换能器声场数值计算,但依然存在某些不足。我们采用一种介观尺度的新型流体力学方法,即格子Boltzmann方法(LBM),基于2维9离散速度(D2Q9)格子构建了轴对称多弛豫参数LBM模型,并通过调节弛豫参数分析其对模型的影响;利用该模型对两个具有不同张角的球面聚焦换能器的声场进行数值模拟,并与KZK和SBE模型的计算结果进行比较。结果表明LBM模型能够很好地描述超声波的激发和传播机制,从流体力学的角度描述聚焦声场的分布,具有清晰的物理意义,且计算过程不受换能器张角的限制,在换能器声场的理论分析和模拟计算及其在HIFU治疗中的应用有着积极的意义。 相似文献