Phase Diagram of the AgNO3–CsNO3 System

The phase diagram of the binary AgNO₃–CsNO₃ system was constructed using differential thermal analysis (DTA) technique in the range 300–700 K. The apparatus is described briefly. The results exhibit a congruently melting compound CsNO₃·AgNO₃ (m.p.=453 K) characterized by two allotropic varieties and , an incongruently melting compound AgNO₃·CsNO₃ (m.p.=450 K) with three forms , and , two eutectics (16 mol% CsNO₃, 442 K and 32.5 mol% CsNO₃, 445 K) and a peritectic (38mol% CsNO₃, 450 K). The occurrence of the transitions of intermediates was confirmed by X-ray diffraction at variable temperatures. The phase diagram exhibits also two plateaus at 429 K and 435 K corresponding to the phase transitions of CsNO₃ and AgNO₃, respectively.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Phase Diagram of the Ethylene Glycol–Dimethylsulfoxide System

The phase diagram of ethylene glycol (EG)–dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) system is studied in the temperature range of +25 to ?140°C via differential scanning calorimetry. It is established that the EG–DMSO system is characterized by strong overcooling of the liquid phase, a glass transition at ?125°C, and the formation of a compound with the composition of DMSO · 2EG. This composition has a melting temperature of ?60°C, which is close to those of neighboring eutectics (?75 and ?70°C). A drop in the baseline was observed in the temperature range of 8 to ?5°C at DMSO concentrations of 5–50 mol %, indicating the existence of a phase separation area in the investigated system. The obtained data is compared to the literature data on the H₂O–DMSO phase diagram.     

Study on the Phase Diagram of CsCl-CeCl3-HCl(11%)-H2O System and the Properties of the Compounds

The equilibrium solubility of CsCl-CeCl3-HCl(11%)-H2O qua-ternary system at 25℃ has been determined by the physicchemical analysis method ,and the phase diagram was plotted, Two new double salts 3CsCl.CeCl3.3H2O and CsCl.CeCl3.4H2O obtained from the complicated system were identified and characterized by XRD,TG-DTA ,DSC,UV and fluorescence spectroscopy, Studies on the fluorescence excitation and emission show that 3CsCl.CeCl3.3H2O and CsCl.CeCl3.4H2O have upconversion luminescence of infrared-visible range,and the upconversion emission intensity increases with the increase of ratio of CeCl3 in CsCl.     

Phase Diagram for the RbBr–CuBr System

The phase diagram for the RbBr–CuBr system has been determined. In the system two intermediate compounds are formed: RbCu₂Br₃, melting congruently at 537 K and Rb₃CuBr₄, melting incongruently at 544 K. The coordinates of the two eutectic points are: 501 K, 54 mole% CuBr and 522 K, 74 mole% CuBr. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Melt–Vapor Phase Diagram of the Te–S System

The values of partial pressure of saturated vapor of the constituents of the Те–S system are determined from boiling points. The boundaries of the melt–vapor phase transition at atmospheric pressure and in vacuum of 2000 and 100 Pa are calculated on the basis of partial pressures. A phase diagram that includes vapor–liquid equilibrium fields whose boundaries allow us to assess the behavior of elements upon distillation fractioning is plotted. It is established that the separation of elements is possible at the first evaporation–condensation cycle. Complications can be caused by crystallization of a sulfur solid solution in tellurium.     

Rheological Properties of the Hydrated Al2O3–TiO2System

The rheology of mixtures of hydrated aluminum oxide and hydrated titanium dioxide sols was investigated. It was shown that flow curves depend on the mixture composition, the age of initial sols, the contact time of components, and the temperature. At low deformation rates, particles are aligned with the flow; this effect is partially reversible. At high shear rates, a discontinuity appears in the system; the effect depends on the age of initial sols.     

Experimental Study and 3D Modeling of the Phase Diagram of the Ag–Sn–Se System

In connection with the contradictoriness of literature data, phase equilibria in the Ag–Sn–Se system were restudied by differential thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. A number of polythermal sections and the isothermal section at room temperature of the phase diagram were constructed, and a projection of the liquidus surface was built. The primary crystallization fields of phases and the types and coordinates of in- and monovariant equilibria were determined. It was demonstrated that, in the system, two ternary compounds, Ag₈SnSe₆ and Ag_xSn_{2 – x}Se₂ (0.84 < x < 1.06), form. The former melts congruently at 1015 K and undergoes a polymorphic transformation at 355 K, and the latter melts with decomposition by a peritectic reaction at 860 K. The formation of the compound Ag₂SnSe₃, which was previously reported in the literature, was not confirmed. Based on the phase diagrams of boundary binary systems and the results of the differential thermal analysis of a limited number of samples of the ternary system, equations were obtained for calculation and 3D modeling of the liquidus and phase-separation surfaces.     

Phase Diagram of an Ethylene Glycol–Hexamethylphosphorotriamide System

The phase diagram of an ethylene glycol (EG)–hexamethylphosphorotriamide (HMPT) system is studied over two wide temperature intervals (+25°С…?90°С…+40°С) and (?150°С…+40°С) by means of differential scanning calorimetry using INTERTECH DSC Q100 and METTLER TA4000 DSC instruments (Switzerland) in the DSC30 mode with variable cooling/heating rates. Substantial overcooling of the liquid phase, a glass transition, and different types of interaction are observed in the system. No thermal effects are observed in intermediate range of concentrations during the slow cooling/heating processes, and the system remains liquid until the glass transition. The presence of such a metastable phase is attributed to a sharp rise in the viscosity of the system due to different kinds of interaction between the components. HMPT: 2EG and HMPT: EG compounds with crystallization temperatures of +5 and ?0.5°С, respectively, are observed upon rapid cooling and slow heating. Changes in enthalpy are calculated for all of the observed thermal effects. The distinction from the phase diagram of H₂O–HMFT (literary data) is explained by the difference in the interactions between system components and by the structural differences between EG and H₂O.     

High Temperature Mass Spectrometric Study of the TiO2–Al2O3 System

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - The results of studying the evaporation and thermodynamic properties of the TiO2–Al2O3 system in the temperature range 2250–2710 K by...     

Reinvestigation of Phase Equilibria in the V2O5–ZnO System

A diagram of phase equilibria established in a two-component oxide system V_{2 5}–ZnO has been worked out applying differential thermal analysis and X-ray phase analysis as well as depending on investigations carried out with the aid of high-temperature X-ray attachment and scanning electron microscope linked to an X-ray microanalyser. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Phase Equilibria in the System Fe2O3–V2O5 –WO3 in the Solid State

DTA and X-ray phase diffraction methods were used to construct a solidus area projection onto the component concentration triangle plane of the system Fe₂ O₃-V₂ O₅-WO₃. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Solubility Diagram of a Fullerenol-d-NaCl-H2O System at 25°C

Solubility in a ternary fullerenol-d-NaCl-H₂O system is studied at 25°C with the use of isothermal saturation. It is established that the solubility diagram is composed of two branches that are responsible for the crystallization of fullerenol-d crystallohydrate and anhydrous sodium chloride, and it contains one invariant eutonic-type point that corresponds to cosaturation by the above two solid phases. The so-called salting-out effect was observed on the branch of the crystallization of fullerenol-d, while salting in was observed on the branch of the crystallization of sodium chloride.     

Phase Relations in The System Al2(MoO4)3–V2O5

The phase equilibria established in the system Al₂ (MoO₄ )₃ –V₂ O₅ throughout the whole component concentration range up to 1000°C were investigated by DTA and XRD methods. The results are presented in the form of a phase diagram. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Synthesis and thermochemical characteristics of Na2O · Al2O3 · 2.5H2O

A pure phase of monosodium aluminate hydrate Na₂O · Al₂O₃ · 2.5H₂O (MAH) is synthesized and characterized by means of XRD, IR, SEM, TGA, and DSC. The heat capacity of the compound is measured in the temperature range of ?100 to 100°C, and the thermal contributions to enthalpy and entropy are calculated. The standard entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs energy of formation of MAH at 298 K are estimated.     

Al–Ga–Zn Phase Diagram. Calorimetric study of the isobaric invariants

The Al–Ga–Zn ternary phase diagram presents two isobaric invariant reactions: a eutectic at 23±1°C and a metatectic at 123±1°C [1–3]. Calorimetric measurements on the two isobaric invariant reactions have been carried out. First the Tammann method has enabled us to determine the composition of their limits on five isopletic cross sections. Then, the compositions of the invariant phases have been determined. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Magnetic and optical investigation of 40SiO2·30Na2O·1Al2O3·(29 − x)B2O3·xFe2O3 glass matrix

Samples of 40SiO₂·30Na₂O·1Al₂O₃·(29 − x)B₂O₃·xFe₂O₃ (mol%), with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 17.5, were prepared by the fusion method and investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption (OA) and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS). The EPR spectra of the as-synthesized samples exhibit two well-defined EPR signals around g = 4.27 and g = 2.01 and a visible EPR shoulder around g = 6.4, assigned to isolated Fe³⁺ ion complexes (g = 4.27 and g = 6.4) and Fe³⁺-based clusters (g = 2.01). Analyses of both EPR line intensity and line width support the model picture of Fe³⁺-based clusters built in from two sources of isolated ions, namely Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺; the ferrous ion being used to build in iron-based clusters at lower x-content (below about x = 2.5%) whereas the ferric ion is used to build in iron-based clusters at higher x-content (above about x = 2.5%). The presence of Fe²⁺ ions incorporated within the glass template is supported by OA data with a strong band around 1100 nm due to the spin-allowed ⁵E_g–⁵T_2g transition in an octahedral coordination with oxygen. Additionally, Mössbauer data (isomer shift and quadrupole splitting) confirm incorporation of both Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions within the template, more likely in tetrahedral-like environments. We hypothesize that ferrous ions are incorporated within the glass template as FeO₄ complex resulting from replacing silicon in non-bridging oxygen (SiO₃O⁻) sites whereas ferric ions are incorporated as FeO₄ complex resulting from replacing silicon in bridging-like oxygen silicate groups (SiO₄).     

Synthesis of the novel CuAl2O4–Al2O3–SiO2 nanocomposites for the removal of pollutant dye and antibacterial applications

Research on Chemical Intermediates - CuAl2O4–Al2O3–SiO2 nanocomposites with different amounts of CuAl2O4 (40, 50, 60 and 70 wt. %) were synthesized by the sol–gel method and...