辣根过氧化物酶自组装多层膜结构形貌与活性的研究

用分子沉积自组装作制备了阳离子化和阴离子化的辣根过氧化物酶自组装膜；并用原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了不同离子化辣根过氧化物酶单层及多层自组装膜的形貌结构与自组装膜的活性变化关系。结果表明：阴离子化的辣根过氧化物酶自组装膜的表面形貌比较粗糙，均方根粗糙度（RMS）及酶分子粒径较大，且组装膜的活性比较大。     

非常态臭氧化空气的臭氧半衰期初探

为了克服常压型臭氧催化氧化工艺效率偏低的不足,拟将常压臭氧化气体增压增浓后再与废水反应,所以有必要研究臭氧化气体增压增浓后臭氧的衰减规律。首先用压缩及冷冻的办法获得非常态臭氧化空气(状态参数为300KPa、20L、0.5℃、臭氧浓度为114mg·L-1),然后分别放置1-7h后测定臭氧浓度,最后通过数据拟合得到臭氧浓度C与放置时间T的指数关系式C=112.29 e-0.052T。计算得知,臭氧半衰期Г=13.33h,臭氧衰减系数γ=0.052。由此初步认定,非常态臭氧化空气的臭氧具有较高的稳定性,可以开展常态臭氧化空气的增压增浓工艺的研究。     

非均相催化臭氧氧化反应机制

臭氧催化氧化作为高级氧化技术是目前水处理领域研究的热点,其中非均相臭氧催化氧化技术因其氧化能力强、降低臭氧投加量特别是能显著提高有机物矿化率等优点而备受关注。非均相催化臭氧氧化领域不断研究新的催化剂,但是其反应过程及机制更加复杂。催化臭氧氧化的性能很大程度上取决于催化剂及其表面性质。污染物在催化剂表面形成络合物,或者臭氧在催化剂表面分解产生不同的含氧物种如表面氧原子、过氧化物和羟基自由基等。本文评述了非均相臭氧催化氧化反应中存在的多种机理,主要是自由基理论、氧空位理论、表面原子氧理论、表面络合物理论和臭氧直接氧化理论。催化剂表面的羟基基团是主要的催化活性中心,本文探讨了表面羟基基团催化反应机制,得出催化剂表面性质决定其表面活性位点的特性及含量,对诱导臭氧分解产生含氧活性物种起了关键作用;概述了催化剂改性后的结构形态、比表面积及其性能和作用机制;并讨论了非均相臭氧催化氧化反应催化剂未来的发展趋势,为催化臭氧氧化污水处理技术提供了理论参考。     

氯过氧化物酶的手性催化活性在有机合成中的应用

氯过氧化物酶（CPO）作为过氧化物酶家族中的一员对多种有机底物表现出了广泛的催化活性。自上世纪60年代被发现以来，CPO在有机合成中的应用一直是一个研究热点。它作为一种生物催化剂能催化广泛的底物合成手性化合物，且有高的产率和高的对映选择率。本文综述了氯过氧化物酶在手性有机合成中的应用，重点关注了卤化、醇氧化、羟基化、环氧化、磺化氧化等反应，并讨论了目前在该领域所面临的问题及今后的发展趋势。     

钼、钨系过氧化物在Sharpless烯烃环氧化反应中的应用*

钼、钨系过氧化物是非常重要的Sharpless烯烃环氧化催化剂,有着非常广泛的工业发展前景。本文综述了钼、钨系过氧化物的种类,结构,合成方法及催化活性,分析了各种钼、钨系过氧化物的特点以及在催化环氧化领域的发展现状。同时,本文还讨论了钼、钨系过氧化物催化烯烃环氧化反应的机理。评述了在催化环氧化领域中两种主要理论——Mimoun机理与Sharpless机理的争论焦点及发展现状,以及计算化学对两种理论中间过渡态的研究进展,并且重点分析了Sharpless机理的过渡态结构。此外,本文还综述了影响钼、钨系过氧化物催化剂反应活性的各种因素以及质子所产生的副反应。最后,本文对应用于催化环氧化领域的钼、钨系过氧化物未来的研究方向提出了建议。     

TiO2薄膜光催化臭氧化邻苯二酚

 研究了用碳黑改性的TiO2薄膜催化剂光催化氧化邻苯二酚的反应．结果表明，臭氧投加量对邻苯二酚的降解和总有机碳（TOC）的去除有重要影响，与光催化氧化（TiO2／UV／O2）、单独臭氧化（O3）和光助臭氧化（UV／O3）过程相比，邻苯二酚光催化臭氧化（TiO2／UV／O3）过程能明显增大TOC的去除率．动力学研究表明，邻苯二酚完全氧化过程遵循零级反应，TOC的降解仅取决于臭氧或氧气的浓度而与邻苯二酚的浓度无关；邻苯二酚在TiO2／UV／O3作用下完全氧化的速率常数是UV／O3作用下的1．32～1．80倍（在相同的臭氧浓度下），是TiO2／UV／O2作用下最大速率常数的2．56～5．36倍，是UV／O2作用下最大速\r\n率常数的5．47～11．4倍．     

9－烯脂肪醇醋酸酯合成的新路线

从１０－十一烯酸出发，经臭氧化及ＮａＢＨ＿４还原、乙酰化反应、溴代脱羧和Ｗｉｔｔｉｇ反应合成了一系列昆虫性信息素９－烯脂肪醇醋酸酯５ａ～ｅ。     

臭氧氧化法合成全羟基葫芦[6]脲

葫芦脲(CB[n])的直接衍生化一直是一项难题。本文用臭氧氧化法将CB[6]衍生化,合成全羟基葫芦[6]脲((OH)12CB[6])。CB[6]与O3在20℃下反应 22h,生成(OH)12CB[6]的产率为44%,并探究了丙酮扩散法、柱层析法和DMSO提纯法三种去除无机盐的方法的可行性。臭氧由电解水制得,成本低,没有二次污染,且臭氧氧化能力强,在室温下即可氧化葫芦脲。本文为合成全羟基葫芦脲提供了新的方法。     

醚选择性氧化研究的新进展

本文综述了近年来醚选择性氧化研究的新进展. 主要介绍了铬(Ⅵ)类试剂, 过氧化物, 硝酸,氧和臭氧等各类氧化剂对选择性氧化以及醚的阳极电氧化研究状况 .     

大气臭氧及其分析方法的研究进展

本文综述了臭氧的性质，高空和的地面臭氧的存在及意义，多种分析方法及存在的问题，引用文献42篇。     

Products of the ozonolysis of isoabienol

The ozonization of abienol in ethyl acetate in the presence of pyridine or in methanol followed by the reduction of the peroxides by methyl sulfide has given ambreinolide. On reduction of the peroxide products of the ozonolysis of isoabienol in methanol with potassium tetrahydroborate, the main reaction product was 15,16-bisnorlabdane-8,13,14-triol. Dimethyl sulfide first caused the rearrangement of the peroxide products of ozonization with the cleavage of the ordinary C-13-C-14 carbon bond, and then their reduction.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 50–53, January–February, 1991.     

A new approach to the furan degradation problem involving ozonolysis of the trans-enedione and its use in a cost-effective synthesis of eplerenone

[reaction: see text] Whereas ozonization of furan 3a affords little or no carboxylic acid 5, ozonization of the corresponding trans-enedione 6 afforded carboxylic acid 5 in 82.4% yield (cryst., overall from furan, 100 g scale; after workup with dimethyl sulfide, followed by mildly basic hydrogen peroxide). This new approach to furan degradation is showcased in a cost-effective synthesis of eplerenone, an important new medicine for cardiovascular indications.     

Peroxide generation and decomposition on polymer surface

Polymer peroxides were generated onto polypropylene and polyurethane films, and polyester fibers by ozonization, UV irradiation, and plasma treatment. Their thermal and redox decompositions were studied using two assays: peroxidase and iodide. They may differ in the sensitivity to access the peroxides, depending on their localization in the polymer substrates. It was found that the generated peroxides are likely to be distributed not only on the outermost surface, but also in the subsurface of the polymer substrates. Plasma treatment provided polyurethane film with easily accessible peroxides, while UV irradiation and ozonization generated peroxides that were mostly incapable of reacting with aqueous solution of peroxidase. Redox decomposition of the peroxide groups by ferrous ions at 25°C showed that less than 50% of peroxides could react with ferrous ions with a rate constant similar to that of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution. Thermal decomposition of the peroxides did not obey the first-order kinetics, probably due to formation of not single peroxide species with different decomposition rate constants. The lowest decomposition rate constant observed at 65°C was 3 × 10^?3 min^?1, which did not depend on the polymer substrate nature and the method of peroxide generation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Synthèse de copolymères greffés à base de polyéthylène—1

Polyethylene macromolecular free radical initiators, obtained by ozonization, are used to prepare graft copolymers with methyl methacrylate, styrene and vinyl chloride. The reactions parameters are the number of initiator groups (found by DPPH), peroxide and hydroperoxide proportions (respectively 36 and 64%), decomposition rate (K_d at 90° 10⁻¹sec⁻¹) and monomer concentration. The molecular structure of these copolymers is defined.     

Photo-oxidation and ozonization of poly(3-hexylthiophene) thin films as studied by UV/VIS and photoelectron spectroscopy

The kinetics and the mechanisms of degradation of thin P3HT layers have been investigated quantitatively for ozonization and photo-oxidation. Both, decay kinetics and product evolution of the polymer degradation are monitored by in situ UV/VIS and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The degradation pathways of ozonization and photo-oxidation of P3HT turn out to be significantly different. Ozone attacks the thiophene units mainly by direct addition to the double bonds, leading to the loss of UV/VIS absorption, while the aliphatic side chains [1] are hardly affected. During photo-oxidation, the polymer is primarily attacked at the alkyl side chain which leads to the formation of reactive peroxide species. These subsequently cause the oxidation of sulfur and concomitantly the destruction of the thiophene ring, resulting in the loss of absorption. From the kinetics of the blue shift of the optical absorption it is concluded that the polymer is mainly attacked at the terminal thiophene rings the case of photo-oxidation whereas ozone attacks positions more or less randomly distributed along the chain. The rate of photo-oxidation under AM 1.5 conditions is at least one order of magnitude faster than the decomposition of P3HT by ozone.     

Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonization of Sulfosalicylic Acid

This paper describes the potential of heterogeneous catalytic ozonization of sulfo-salicylic acid (SSal). It was found that catalytic ozonization in the presence of Mn-Zr-O (a modified manganese dioxide supported on silica gel) had significantly enhanced the removal rate (72%) of total organic carbon (TOC) compared with that of ozonization alone (19%). The efficient removal rate of TOC was probably due to increasing the adsorption ability of catalyst and accelerating decomposition of ozone to produce more powerful oxidants than ozone.     

长链不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的臭氧化反应

长链不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的臭氧化反应;选择性     

Die Herstellung von 3, 5-disubstituierten Cyclopentenen durch Ozonolyse von Norbornadien

The ozonization of norbornadiene is described. Oxidation of the intermediate with silver oxide furnishes 4-cyclopentene-cis-1, 3-dicarboxylic acid, reduction with sodium borohydride cis-1, 3-bis-hydroxymethylcyclopent-4-ene. The latter was converted to cis-3, 5-dimethylcyclopentene by reduction of the corresponding bis-tosylate with LiAlH₄. Hydrogenation of the ozonization intermediate over palladium-lead carbonate (Lindlar's catalyst) afforded 4-cyclopentene-cis-1, 3-dialdehyde. This reaction represents a new and selective method for the reduction of unsaturated ozonization intermediates.     

Low-temperature oxidative modification of lignites and lignite-based cokes

The kinetics of oxidation of lignites and cokes with ozone in the gas and liquid phases and the composition of oxidation products were studied. The surface area and porosity were measured before and after ozonization. Ozonization increased the surface area largely because of the growth of micro-and mesopores. Changes in the composition of functional groups on the surface of lignites and cokes were determined IR spectroscopically. Adsorbents with the required properties can be prepared by varying the concentration of ozone and ozonization duration.     

Investigation of the products of the ozonolysis of larixol

On the ozonization of larixol in methanol followed by treatment with ammonium chloride, the main reaction products were 15,16,20-trisnorlabd-6-ene-8,13-dione and 6-hydroxy-8,13;8,14-diepoxy-15,20-bisnorlabd-14-one. When ozonization was performed in methanol in the presence of dimethyl sulfide or in methylene chloride in the presence of pyridine, 6,14-dihydroxy-8,13;8,14-diepoxy-15,20-bisnorlabdane and 6-hydroxy-14,50,20-trisnorlabd-8,13-dione predominated in the reaction products.