共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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大分子单体通过两种可控聚合方法, 即开环易位聚合(ROMP)和原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的联用, 合成一种新型两亲性接枝聚合物刷. 具有高环张力的降冰片烯单侧链大分子单体norbornene-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone)/Br (PCL- NBE-Br)首先进行ROMP反应, 生成聚合物主链, 每个单体单元上含有一条PCL链和一个溴官能团; 然后用含溴的ROMP聚合物poly(norbornene)-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone)/Br (PCL-PNBE-Br)作为大分子引发剂引发单体2-(dimethyl- amino)ethyl methacrylate)的ATRP反应, 生成结构明确的高密度两亲性接枝聚合物刷poly(norbornene)-graft-poly(ε- caprolactone)/poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PCL-PNBE-PDMAEMA), 其主链每个单体单元上均含有一条疏水性PCL接枝链和一条亲水性PDMAEMA接枝链. 最后, 研究此类高密度两亲性接枝聚合物刷的自组装行为, 用动态激光光散射(DLS)研究其在混合溶剂(THF/H2O)中的胶束行为, 考察胶束溶液的浓度以及不同长度的亲水性接枝链对胶束尺寸的影响; 利用透射电镜(TEM)观察胶束为球形, 具有类似线团或草莓状的形态. 相似文献
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设计合成了溴基功能化的赖氨酸单体(Br-lys)并通过关环反应制备了对应的溴代L-赖氨酸N-羧酸酐(Br-Lys-NCA)单体.利用过渡金属引发剂Ni(COD)depe调控的NCA活性开环聚合和顺序添加单体的方法,得到了组成和结构明确的聚(ε苄氧羰基L-赖氨酸)-b-PBrLL(PZLL-PBrLL)两嵌段共聚肽.利用PZLL-b-PBrLL两嵌段共聚肽为大分子引发剂,通过ATRP引发甲基丙烯酸寡聚乙二醇酯(EGMA),合成了以聚赖氨酸为骨架的牙刷状分子刷.研究发现PZLL-PBrLL两嵌段在四氢呋喃中形成α-螺旋结构,螺旋度随着PBrLL链段的增长而降低,而PZLL-b-(PBrLL-g-PEGMA)形成部分α-螺旋构象,螺旋度随侧链PEGMA增长而减小. 相似文献
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树枝化聚合物的合成、结构表征及其应用 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
本文综述了由树枝状大分子和线形聚合物结合而形成的一类新型树形聚合物--树枝化聚合物的研究进展,包括树枝化聚合物的各种合成方法、结构表征和形态分析等.同时对树枝化聚合物在催化载体、纳米材料、生化和光电功能材料等领域的应用研究进行了详尽的综述. 相似文献
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通过grafting-onto方法合成高侧链接枝密度的环形侧链聚合物刷并进行结构表征.先通过开环易位聚合(ROMP)制备带有炔基侧基的线形聚降冰片烯衍生物主链(l-PND),通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)和铜催化的叠氮-炔环加成(Cu AAC)反应制备带有一个叠氮基的环形聚丙烯酸叔丁酯侧链(c-Pt BA),再利用Cu AAC反应将环形侧链高密度地接入主链,得到环形侧链聚合物刷.通过核磁氢谱(1H-NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和红外光谱(IR)对聚合物主/侧链及聚合物刷的结构和组成进行了表征.该聚合物刷主链聚合度为400,高接枝密度的环形侧链使主链构象伸展.聚合物刷在原子力显微镜(AFM)下呈单分子蠕虫形貌(柱状形貌),分子长度为200 nm,直径为30 nm. 相似文献
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采用表面引发室温原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)方法在金基底上原位制备了接枝聚合物刷,其制备过程用厚度测量,ATR-FTIR,XPS等进行了表征,初始时聚合物刷的厚度随着聚合时间的增加线性增加,表现为活性聚合的特征.XPS表征证明表面引发聚合后聚合物刷末端仍然存在ATRP反应的引发剂.紫外光刻图案化的聚合物刷作为电沉积的模板,经电沉积、后紫外处理、湿化学刻蚀步骤后得到了分离的导电聚合物微阵列结构,通过浇注/粘附处理将导电聚合物微阵列转移至硅油弹性体片,由于导电聚合物在湿化学刻蚀中对基底金具有良好的保护作用,因此在导电聚合物阵列被转移后,基底表面得到金微阵列。 相似文献
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Théophile Pelras Dr. Clare S. Mahon Dr. Markus Müllner 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(24):6982-6994
Polymer science is rapidly advancing towards the precise construction of synthetic macromolecules of formidable complexity. Beyond the impressive advances in control over polymer composition and uniformity enabled by the living polymerisation revolution, the introduction of compartmentalisation within polymer architectures can elevate their functionality beyond that of their constituent parts, thus offering immense potential for the production of tailor‐made nanomaterials. In this Minireview, we discuss synthetic routes to complex molecular brushes with discrete chemical compartments and highlight their potential in the development of advanced materials with applications in nanofabrication, optics and functional materials. 相似文献
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Jeffrey Pyun Tomasz Kowalewski Krzysztof Matyjaszewski 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2003,24(18):1043-1059
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is a robust method for the preparation of well‐defined (co)polymers. This process has also enabled the preparation of a wide range of polymer brushes where (co)polymers are covalently attached to either curved or flat surfaces. In this review, the general methodology for the synthesis of polymer brushes from flat surfaces, polymers and colloids is summarized focusing on reports using ATRP. Additionally, the morphology of ultrathin films from polymer brushes is discussed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and other techniques to confirm the formation of nanoscale structure and organization.
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This review article describes the preparation of polymer brushes by nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization using either the ‘grafting to’ or the ‘grafting from’ approach. The use of TEMPO as a classical initiator is intensively described. More sophisticated nitroxides are also included in the discussion. Brush formation on flat surfaces such as wafers and also on particles is reported. Finally, some applications of polymer brushes are presented.
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Simultaneous Preparation of Multiple Polymer Brushes under Ambient Conditions using Microliter Volumes 下载免费PDF全文
Benjaporn Narupai Dr. Zachariah A. Page Dr. Nicolas J. Treat Alaina J. McGrath Dr. Christian W. Pester Emre H. Discekici Neil D. Dolinski Dr. Gregory F. Meyers Prof. Javier Read de Alaniz Prof. Craig J. Hawker 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(41):13433-13438
The fabrication of well‐defined, multifunctional polymer brushes under ambient conditions is described. This facile method uses light‐mediated, metal‐free atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to grow polymer brushes with only microliter volumes required. Key to the success of this strategy is the dual action of N‐phenylphenothiazine (PTH) as both an oxygen scavenger and polymerization catalyst. Use of simple glass cover slips results in a high degree of spatial and temporal control and allows for multiple polymer brushes to be grown simultaneously. The preparation of arbitrary 3D patterns and functional/emissive polymer brushes demonstrates the practicality and versatility of this novel strategy. 相似文献
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表面引发聚合新进展及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了近年来聚合物刷合成与应用方面的新进展.简要介绍了利用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)制备聚合物刷的历程和重要进展.重点论述了通过电化学、光诱导以及牺牲阳极技术、仿生合成等发展了多种表面引发ATRP新方法,基于如何将聚合物从分子尺度过渡到微米尺度的思考,实现了多尺度聚合物刷结构的制备.简要综述了聚合物刷在以下3个方面的应用研究:(1)智能驱动,利用聚合物刷构象变化,实现微悬臂驱动、辅助放大的电驱动以及仿毛毛虫运动.(2)生物润滑,利用聚合物的环境响应行为实现了对摩擦系数的调控,并发展了球刷型润滑材料.(3)表面防污,表面接枝含离子液体官能团的聚合物刷,并与仿生技术相结合,利用化学组成和结构化协同效应,得到一系列高性能低毒海洋防污界面材料. 相似文献
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Quinn A. Besford Simon Schubotz Soosang Chae Aye B.
zdabak Sert Alessia C. G. Weiss Günter K. Auernhammer Petra Uhlmann Jos Paulo S. Farinha Andreas Fery 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(9)
Molecular permeability through polymer brush chains is implicated in surface lubrication, wettability, and solute capture and release. Probing molecular transport through polymer brushes can reveal information on the polymer nanostructure, with a permeability that is dependent on chain conformation and grafting density. Herein, we introduce a brush system to study the molecular transport of fluorophores from an aqueous droplet into the external “dry” polymer brush with the vapour phase above. The brushes consist of a random copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide and a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor-labelled monomer, forming ultrathin brush architectures of about 35 nm in solvated height. Aqueous droplets containing a separate FRET acceptor are placed onto the surfaces, with FRET monitored spatially around the 3-phase contact line. FRET is used to monitor the transport from the droplet to the outside brush, and the changing internal distributions with time as the droplets prepare to recede. This reveals information on the dynamics and distances involved in the molecular transport of the FRET acceptor towards and away from the droplet contact line, which are strongly dependent on the relative humidity of the system. We anticipate our system to be extremely useful for studying lubrication dynamics and surface droplet wettability processes. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. Kohji Ohno Dr. Yoshikazu Yahata Motokazu Sakaue Dr. Vincent Ladmiral 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(8):2059-2068
Monodisperse silica particles (SiPs) were surface-modified with a newly designed silane coupling agent comprising a triethoxysilane and an alkyl halide, namely, 6-(triethoxysilyl)hexyl 2-bromopropionate, which was further treated with potassium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (PEX) to immobilize xanthate molecules on the particle surfaces. Surface-initiated macromolecular design via interchange of xanthates (MADIX) polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) was conducted with the xanthate-functionalized SiPs. The polymerization was well controlled and produced SiPs coated with poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) with a well-defined target molar mass and a graft density of about 0.2 chains nm−2. Dynamic light scattering and TEM measurements revealed that the hybrid particles were highly dispersible in good solvents without any aggregation. The PVAc brushes were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid to produce poly(vinyl alcohol) brushes on the SiP surfaces. In addition, the number of xanthate molecules introduced on the SiP surfaces could be successfully controlled by adjusting the concentration of PEX. Thus, the SiPs have two functionalities: xanthates able to act as a MADIX chain-transfer agent and alkyl bromide initiation sites for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). By using these unique bifunctional particles, mixed polymer brushes were constructed on the SiPs by MADIX of VAc followed by ATRP of styrene or methyl methacrylate. 相似文献