铜在离子选择性涂层下腐蚀行为的阻抗谱研究

用电化学交流阻抗技术研究了涂装不同离子造反性涂层的铜电极在３％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的腐蚀行为，悄同涂装体系的阻抗谱特征，建立了相应的等 电路模型，由阻抗数据解析的结果，讨论了不同离子选择性涂层对铜的防蚀性能。     

海洋微生物对316不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为

采用自腐蚀电位、电化学极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱技术研究了316不锈钢在无菌培养基介质和海水微生物接种培养有菌培养基介质中不同周期的腐蚀行为．结果表明,316不锈钢电极在有菌介质中比在无菌介质中的腐蚀电流密度大,腐蚀电位负移,微生物加速了不锈钢的腐蚀速度．随着浸泡时间的增加,有菌介质中的不锈钢电极极化电阻值逐渐减小,表明了海洋微生物的附着和繁殖加速了316不锈钢的腐蚀速率,降低了其在海洋环境中的耐蚀性．     

含硼片状锌热固涂层耐蚀性与结构的研究

片状锌热固涂层作为一项清洁生产的高新技术 ,一次完成多层涂覆和钝化 ,具有高抗蚀、无废水排放、无氢脆、高耐热和涂层薄 (一般小于1 0 μｍ)等显著优点 ,在应用前景上具有取代电镀锌的趋势[1] 。在盐水溶液中 ,这种涂层的耐蚀性最高可达电镀锌的 1 0倍 ,但在淡水中却不具有这样的优势。我们用硼酸部分取代铬酸配制涂层处理液 ,明显改善了涂层在淡水中的耐蚀性。为解释硼酸的作用机理 ,采用Ｘ 射线衍射 (ＸＲＤ)、Ｘ 射线光电子能谱 (ＸＰＳ)和核磁共振 (ＮＭＲ)等测试手段对膜层的结构进行了研究。1　实验部分1 1　仪器与药品ＨＤＶ 7Ｂ…     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-Co-Ni涂层电化学腐蚀行为研究

采用不同的超音速火焰喷涂工艺参数制备WC-Co-Ni涂层;X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征涂层的相结构;压痕法表征和计算涂层的显微硬度、弹性模量和断裂韧性;电化学工作站表征NaCl溶液中涂层的电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明:喷涂过程中丙烷流量的比例较高时,焰流的温度较高,涂层中WC相的含量较低,W₂C相和Co₆W₆C相的含量较高。当涂层中WC相含量较高时,其平均显微硬度和断裂韧性较高;当涂层中Co或Ni含量较高、Co₆W₆C含量较低时,其弹性模量较高。当涂层中WC相较多,涂层力学性能较均衡时,其表现出的腐蚀电流较低、传质电阻较大、抗电化学腐蚀性能较好。     

18／8型不锈钢在受力形变条件下腐蚀电化学行为的研究

应用电化学稳态技术、电化交流阻、抗微区电化学技术及扫描电等方法，研究１８／８型不锈钢在Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３稀溶液中，受外力形变条件下，的腐蚀电化学行为，结果表明，力学因素可使表面腐蚀电化学活性增加，表面微裂纹的发生、消失和再钝化的动态过程，同时受电位和拉应力的影响；点腐蚀可优先发生在应力集中位置，点蚀的发展可能诱导不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂。     

水性环氧铝粉涂层/碳钢体系的腐蚀电化学行为

应用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描振动电极技术(SVET)研究了碳钢基体上含人造缺陷的水性环氧铝粉涂层浸泡在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为.结果表明,浸泡初期,涂层缺陷处为阳极活性区,涂层阻抗随时间延长逐渐降低,活性区逐渐扩展;之后,由于腐蚀产物的自修复作用使整个涂层/金属界面电化学反应活性降低,导致涂层阻抗快速增加.浸泡后期,由于腐蚀介质渗入到涂层/基体界面,出现了更多的阳极活性区,涂层产生破坏剥离.     

A3钢在氧化硫硫杆菌作用下的腐蚀行为

采用表面分析技术、失重法和电化学测试研究了A3钢在氧化硫硫杆菌(T.t)作用下的腐蚀行为. 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析结果表明, 与无菌体系相比, 氧化硫硫杆菌会在A3钢表面形成致密的生物膜和腐蚀产物膜. 去除膜层后, 无菌体系中的试样出现点蚀, 氧化硫硫杆菌体系中试样呈现为均匀腐蚀. 浸泡三周后, 氧化硫硫杆菌体系中A3钢的腐蚀失重远小于无菌体系. 电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)测试结果显示, 在浸泡10 d后, 氧化硫硫杆菌中的电极表面只存在两个时间常数, 这表明氧化硫硫杆菌会在试样表面形成致密且附着力非常强的产物膜层, 有效地阻碍了腐蚀介质对基体的侵蚀. 极化曲线结果表明, 浸泡20 d后, 氧化硫硫杆菌的存在使得金属具有较小的自腐蚀电流密度.     

A3钢在芽孢杆菌作用下的腐蚀行为

采用表面分析技术、失重法和电化学测试技术研究了A3钢在芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)作用下的腐蚀行为.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析结果表明,浸泡7d时,芽孢杆菌会在A3钢表面形成致密的生物膜,有效阻隔了溶液对基体的腐蚀,抑制了腐蚀过程.电化学交流阻抗测试结果显示,含菌体系中的试样表面经历了2个时间常数→3个时间常数→2个时间常数的变化过程.失重法和极化曲线测试结果表明,芽孢杆菌的细菌活性对生物膜的保护作用有着决定性的影响,当微生物活性下降,生物膜的保护能力也会大幅降低.     

混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀行为研究

本文探讨了在不同 pH和Cl- 含量的模拟混凝土孔隙液介质中 ,混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀电化学行为 .电化学技术测试结果表明 ,正常情况下 ,钢筋在混凝土中受到高碱性环境的保护 ,耐蚀性好 .但随着介质 pH的降低、Cl- 含量的上升 ,钢筋腐蚀电流升高 ;动电位阳极极化曲线的测试表明 ,钢筋的维钝电流增大 ,击穿电位负移 ,混凝土中钢筋的耐蚀性下降 .这是钢筋表面钝性受破坏的缘故 .     

锈层对海水淡化一级反渗透产水中碳钢腐蚀行为的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)及电化学方法研究了碳钢在海水及海水淡化一级反渗透(RO)产水中锈层形态及其电化学特性.结果表明,碳钢在两种水体中形成的锈层在结构、成分及功能上具有显著差异,导致其腐蚀情况截然不同.海水淡化一级RO产水中,腐蚀产物γ-FeOOH的还原电位高于碳钢自腐蚀电位,易被还原成Fe3O4,使锈层形成Fe3O4内层及γ-FeOOH外层的双层结构.外锈层很薄,无阻碍氧扩散作用,且因γ-FeOOH的还原加快了腐蚀反应.Fe3O4内层具有良好导电性及Fe2+传递性,使氧还原反应从金属表面转移至内锈层表面进行;同时因其大阴极作用,显著促进了氧还原过程.由于锈层的上述作用,碳钢在一级RO产水中的腐蚀得到了极大加速,其腐蚀速率最终由溶液至内锈层之间的氧极限扩散电流密度决定.防腐方法应能抑制腐蚀产物γ-FeOOH的还原.     

Preparation and corrosion resistance of polyaniline and waterborne polyurethane composite coating film

Polyaniline (PANI) particles were synthesized using aniline (AN), dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), and ammonium persulfate (APS). The particles were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A PANI/waterborne polyurethane composite material (PANI-WPU) was obtained by combining it with polyethylene glycol (PEG600), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and dibutyltin lauric acid (DBTDL). The structure was characterized by the FTIR spectrum. The mechanical characteristics of the coating film were evaluated with respect to the PANI content, as well as its water absorption, glossiness, electrochemical corrosion resistance, and acid and alkali resistance. The PANI/waterborne polyurethane film has a maximum tensile strength of 23 $\pm 1$ MPa, an elongation of 1012%, a pencil hardness of 5H, a flexibility of 2 mm, an impact resistance of 50 cm, the water absorption of 14.66%, and the glossiness of 99.9 $\pm 0.1$ at 60°. When the PANI content is 0.7%, the mechanical characteristics, glossiness, and anti-corrosion performance of the composite film improve. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of the aqueous polyurethane coating film with PANI can reach 99.74%, as shown by the examination of electrochemical polarization curves and impedance spectra. The tinplate is coated with a 0.7% PANI-WPU composite material and edge sealing. This coating provides excellent protection against acid and alkali resistance, as demonstrated by its ability to withstand immersion in 10% H₂SO₄ and 10% NaOH solution for 90 days without any paint peeling off.     

Electrochemistry Investigation on the Graphene/Electrolyte Interface

In this study, the graphene/electrolyte interface was investigated in detail by the electrochemical method. The total interface capacitance was calculated from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results, and its responses to different concentrations and pHs were also investigated. The minimum point of the capacitance was found to shift to right (vs. Ag/AgCl) as the concentration increased, and to left with increasing pH. As a comparison, gold/electrolyte interface was investigated in the same way, but didn’t show the similar behavior. To further explore the interface capacitance, proper models were proposed to fit the EIS results. Two constant‐phase elements (CPE) were used in the graphene‐electrolyte interface model to represent the double‐layer capacitance (CPE_dl) and the quantum capacitance (CPE_q), respectively. The CPE_q exhibited its sensitivity to concentration and pH, while CPE_dl did not. This study gives a new aspect to detect concentration and pH, and may provide a reference for the graphene‐based supercapacitor research.     

Microstructure and corrosion behavior of electroless deposited Ni-P/CeO2 coating

Electroless Ni-P/nano-CeO2 composite coating was prepared in acidic condition, and its microstructure and corrosive property were compared with its CeO2-free counterpart. Scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） spectrometer were used to examine surface morphology and structure of the as-plated coating. Differential scanning calorimeter （DSC） and transmission electronic microscopy （TEM） were used to study the coating＇s phase change at high temperature. The coating＇s corrosive behavior in 3%NaCl ＋ 5%H2SO4 solution was also investigated. The results showed that Ni-P coating had partial amorphous structure mixed with nano-crystals, while the Ni-P/CeO2 coating had perfect amorphous structure. In high-temperature condition, Ni3P precipitation and Ni crystallization took place in both coatings but at different temperatures, while the Ni-P/CeO2 coating had sintered phase of NiCe2O4 spinels. The anti-corrosion property was better in the CeO2-containing coating, and this was due to its less liability to undergo local-cell corrosion than its CeO2-free counterpart. Ni-P/CeO2 coating＇s pure amorphous structure was the result of Ni＇s hindered crystal-typed deposition and P＇s promoted deposition.     

Electrochemical behavior of tungsten-containing nanocomposite with siloxane matrix

Electrochemical properties of a thin-film nanocomposite “silicon-carbon matrix-tungsten carbide” deposited onto pyroceramics (“sitall”) substrate are studied by potentiodynamic curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Transfer coefficients in model redox system [Fe(CN)₆]^3?/4? are measured. With the decreasing of the films’ electrical resistance, their experiment behavior gradually changed from that of “poor conductor” till nearly metal-like one. In particular, the electrode differential capacitance increases, which is explained by the increase in the number of conducting metal-containing clusters in the film bulk and at the film/electrolyte solution interface. Some specific features of the complex-plane plots of impedance spectra are tentatively explained by the adsorption at the nanocomposite surface elements.     

A zirconia-polyester glycol coating on differently pretreated AISI 316L stainless steel: corrosion behavior in chloride solution

The effect of zirconia and zirconia-polyester glycol hybrid coatings on the corrosion resistance of mechanically polished or anodized AISI 316 stainless steel (316L), was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.1 M NaCl and scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy examinations. The deposition of zirconia coatings was achieved by the sol–gel technique by immersing the samples in either the inorganic polymer or the organic–inorganic polymer mixture. From potentiodynamic and impedance measurements, the grade of protection is reduced with the exposure time to the electrolyte, which is mainly associated with lost of film adhesion and, consequently, detachment from the metal substrate. However, the uncoated anodized sample revealed an unexpected corrosion behavior; the anodic film formed during anodizing readily increased the corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steel in 0.1 M NaCl, revealing a considerable reduction in the corrosion current density and an increase in the pitting potential.     

Au(111)/咪唑基离子液体界面结构研究：阳离子侧链长度的影响

本文结合电化学方法与原子力显微镜力曲线技术,研究了两种烷基侧链长度不同的离子液体BMITFSA和OMITFSA在Au(111)电极表面附近的层状结构的数目和耐受力对电位的依赖性,探究了烷基侧链长度变化对界面层状结构的影响. 研究表明,不同烷基侧链长度的离子液体体系力-电位曲线形状基本相似. 在零电荷电位（the potential of zero charge,PZC）附近时,力值最小,因为此时电极表面荷电量较小,层状结构不稳定;电位偏离PZC的过程中,第一层层状结构力值呈现先增大后减小的趋势. 受到烷基侧链所处的不同位置影响,在PZC电位以负,短侧链离子液体的层状结构稳定性较好,而PZC电位以正,长侧链离子液体的稳定性较好.     

Mechanism and kinetics of uric acid adsorption on nanosized hydroxyapatite coating

Uric acid (UA) produced from purine metabolism is rather harmful to human health when its concentration is high. To better understand the application of hydroxyapatite (HAP) as an adsorbent for UA removal, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique was employed to in situ investigate the adsorption behavior of UA on nanosized HAP coatings. This work was mainly focused on the mechanism and kinetics of UA adsorption. The obtained results showed that nanosized HAP coatings produced physical adsorption for UA, and the driving force of UA adsorption on HAP coatings was electrostatic interaction. The adsorption kinetic parameter estimated from the in situ frequency measurement was about 3.08?×?10⁶?L/mol. The obtained information suggests that QCM measurement provides a useful method for monitoring the interaction between HAP and UA.     

Impedance Spectroscopic Measurements of Pure Gas Adsorption Equilibria on Zeolites

Physisorption equilibria of gases on inert porous solids like activated carbon or molecular sieves can be characterized by measuring the (frequency dependent) capacitance of a capacitor filled with a sample adsorbent. This quantity strongly depends not only on the physico-chemical structure of the empty adsorbent in vacuum, but also on the permanent or induced dipole moments of the molecules adsorbed and of the fluid phase. Consequently, it should be possible to determine the excess mass being adsorbed on the internal surface of a highly porous solid by measurements of the dielectric constant. The aim of this work is to show for various pure gases and adsorbents that the change of the capacitance of an adsorption system depends on the adsorbed mass. Therefore, this effect can be used to characterize porous solids and their adsorbates and, for example, to check the state or the quality of industrial adsorbents during a process on site if calibration measurements have been taken (Staudt et al., 1994, 1998).     

Exploration of the electrical double-layer structure: Influence of electrolyte components on the double-layer capacitance and potential of maximum entropy

Understanding the electrical double-layer structure is of paramount importance for designing efficient electrochemical energy conversion systems. Under this aspect, this short review explores the influence of the electrolyte on parameters such as the double-layer capacitance and the potential of maximum entropy. Investigation of those parameters offers a deeper understanding on how the interfacial structure changes near reaction conditions. As a consequence, one can tune the catalyst activity by creating a more favorable environment in the electrolyte. The aim of this short review is to provide the reader with recent studies examining the electrode/electrolyte interface from experimental and theoretical standpoints.