硫脲自盐酸溶液中在低碳钢表面的吸附特性

用失重法研究硫脲对低碳钢表面在盐酸溶液中的吸附特性及缓蚀作用.应用吸附理论和Frumkin等温式及Flory-Huggins等温式处理实验数据,发现低浓度的硫脲自2mol·L-1盐酸中在低碳钢表面上产生的吸附过程是一个取代吸附过程,而且是一个熵增过程.尤其应该注意侧向作用力和被吸附的硫脲分子所代替的水分子数,其表面覆盖度随温度和浓度的增大而增大,并认为这种吸附是产生缓蚀作用的重要原因.实验结果还表明在30℃时,吸附过程中侧向作用力影响较大,并遵循Frumkin等温式,其吸附分子垂直地吸附在金属表面;在35℃-50℃时,吸附分子在金属表面水平吸附,其侧向作用力可忽略,遵循Flory-Huggins等温式.根据这些结果计算出吸附自由能、吸附焓、吸附熵,说明表面覆盖度中温度的影响起因于吸附熵的变化.     

电化学方法和表面增强拉曼光谱技术研究钴电极表面咪唑的吸附和缓蚀行为

利用电化学和表面增强拉曼光谱方法研究了咪唑和钴电极的相互作用. 分析并指认了不同电极电位下咪唑溶液中钴电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS), 发现随电极电位的变化, 在钴电极表面存在三种表面物种并且可以在一定程度上相互转化. 在较负电位(−1.2~−0.9 V)区间, 咪唑在钴电极表面以吸附物种为主, 随电位正移, 吸附取向由通过吡啶N垂直吸附逐渐向C2=N3双键倾斜; 在较正电位区间(−0.8~−0.7 V)内, 吸附咪唑的信号逐渐减弱乃至消失, 而钴和咪唑的络合物信号逐渐增强; 开路电位(−0.6 V)下出现很强的钴的氧化物谱峰. 同时, 文中比较了钴电极表面在空白溶液和加入咪唑后的溶液中的极化曲线, 发现咪唑对钴电极的缓蚀作用较为明显. 该研究结果表明, 联合表面增强拉曼光谱技术和电化学方法使得人们可以从分子水平上了解表面物种和电极表面间复杂的相互作用.     

酸性溶液中甲基红在钢表面的吸附

甲基红等有机染料类化合物可以作为金属缓蚀剂[1- 2 ] 。本文依据电化学测量结果 ,拟建立一种吸附模型 ,以便于讨论酸性水溶液中甲基红在钢表面的吸附等温式 ,解释甲基红在钢表面的吸附行为及其对钢电化学腐蚀的影响。1　实验部分所用试剂见文献 (2 )。工作电极为钢电极(2 0 #碳钢 ) ,以环氧树脂封涂绝大部分 ,余 0 3ｃｍ2(1 2ｃｍ×0 2 5ｃｍ)作为研究表面。使用前用水磨砂纸磨光亮 ,并用蒸馏水洗净 ,擦干备用。以大面积铂片为辅助电极 ,饱和甘汞电极 (ＳＣＥ)为参比电极 ,试验所测的所有电极电位均是相对于ＳＣＥ的数值。极化曲线、交…     

Kopsia Singapurensis提取物对酸性介质中低碳钢的缓蚀效应(英文)

The influence of the alkaloid extract of Kopsia singapurensis on the corrosion behavior of mild steel (MS) in 1 mol·L-1 HCl and 1 mol·L-1 H2SO4 was studied using electrochemical techniques, viz., potentiodynamic polarization and AC impedance. The experimental results clearly show that the plant extract effectively inhibits corrosion in both acid media and the inhibition efficiency obtained from the electrochemical techniques is in good agreement. Furthermore, the polarization technique indicates that the extract acts as an anodic type inhibitor in HCl and as a mixed type in H2SO4. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to examine the surface morphological changes of metal specimens in both the inhibited and uninhibited solutions. SEM images show the formation of an adsorbed layer over the metal surface by the inhibitor molecule. The presence of alkaloidal constituents in the plant extract was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and chemical analysis.     

硫酸介质中正庚醇在钢表面上的吸附及其缓蚀作用

硫酸介质中正庚醇在钢表面上的吸附及其缓蚀作用木冠南赵天培（云南大学化学系，昆明６５００９１）（昆明理工大学基础部，６５００９３）因金属表面积极小，致使缓蚀剂的起始和平衡浓度几乎相同，无法直接用经典公式求出吸附量，故缓蚀剂在金属表面上的吸附力，吸附取向...     

碱性介质中异丙醇在铂电极表面的吸附和电化学氧化

运用电化学循环伏安、原位FTIR反射光谱和石英晶体微天平(EQCM)等方法研究了碱性介质中异丙醇在Pt电极表面吸附和氧化行为. 结果表明：碱性介质中异丙醇电氧化过程不存在自毒化现象. 虽然电化学原位FTIR反射光谱未能检测到CO等毒性物种, 但EQCM结果证明异丙醇或其解离产物吸附于铂电极上. 在实验条件下, 碱性介质中异丙醇在铂电极上氧化的最终产物只有丙酮, 预示着碱性介质中异丙醇通过脱氢步骤氧化成丙酮. EQCM研究还从电极表面质量定量变化的角度提供了异丙醇吸附和电氧化反应机理的新数据.     

酸性和碱性介质中甘氨酸解离吸附和氧化的EQCM研究

用电化学石英晶体微天平(EQCM)研究酸性和碱性介质中甘氨酸在Pt电极上的吸附和氧化过程.结果表明,甘氨酸的解离吸附和氧化行为与溶液的酸碱性密切相关.酸性溶液中甘氨酸吸附较弱,碱性溶液中则产生强吸附物,且当电位低于0V(vs.SCE)时可吸附于Pt电极表面.此外,碱性溶液中甘氨酸还表现出较高的电氧化活性.通过EQCM定量检测上述过程中Pt电极表面的质量变化,测定了不同电位区间(氢区、双电层区和氧区)每传递一个电子所对应的电极表面吸附物种的平均摩尔质量.     

酸性和碱性介质中甘氨解离吸附和氧化的EQCM研究

用电化学石英晶体微天平（EQCM）研究酸性和碱性介质中甘氨酸在Pt电极上的吸附和氧化过程，结果表明，甘氨酸的解离吸附和氧化行为与溶液的酸碱性密切相关，酸性溶液中甘氨酸吸附软弱，碱性溶液中则产生强吸附物，且当电位低于0V（vs.SCE)时可吸附于Pt电极表面，此外，碱性溶液中甘氨酸还表现出较高的电氧化活性，通过EQCM定量检测上述过程中Pt电极电极表面的质量变化，测定了不同电位区间（氢区、双电层区和氧区）每传递一个电子所对应的电极表面吸附物的平均摩尔质量。     

磷酸溶液中DDA在锌表面的吸附及其缓蚀作用

采用失重法及电化学法研究了锌在含或不含十二烷基胺（DDA）的磷酸溶液中的腐蚀作用，得出相应的动力学方程，求得有关的动力学及热力学参数.用光电子能谱（XPS）检测发现，在40～70 ℃区间，锌在磷酸溶液中生成Zn(OH)x覆盖层，表现出较强的自缓蚀效果，而在30～40 ℃区间，因DDA以及, 等微粒同时吸附在锌表面，DDA在磷酸溶液中表现出较强的缓蚀作用.用吸附理论讨论了这种缓蚀作用产生的原因.     

B-P-O系催化剂表面酸性的吸附量热研究

制备了不同P／B比的W-P-O系催化剂，XRD和Raman光谱表明各样品中P和B都处于四面体结构中，但Raman光谱显示P／B＜1的样品表面有B的三配位物相B2O3。存在．用吸附量热法考察了NH3、H2O及二甲醚（DME）等探针分子的吸附行为，研究了样品的表面酸性，NH3在P／B＞1的样品上发生解离吸附，而在P／B＜1的样品上，其起始吸附热与在γ-Al2O3上的相似．进一步的研究表明，二甲醚可以作为合适的探针分子表征B-P-O系催化剂的表面酸性．     

Adsorption Behavior and Inhibition Corrosion Effect of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium

The effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 mol·L-1 HCl solution has been investigated by using weight loss (WL) measurement, potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance (LPR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. These results showed that the inhibition efficiency of Na-CMC increased with increasing the inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the Na-CMC was a mixed type inhibitor in 1.0 mol·L-1 HCl. The adsorption of the inhibitor on mild steel surface has been found to obey the Langmuir isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 mol·L-1 HCl with addition of 0.04% of Na-CMC has been studied in the temperature range of 298-328 K. The associated apparent activation energy (E*a ) of corrosion reaction has been determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been applied to investigate the surface morphology of mild steel in the absence and presence of the inhibitor molecules.     

Adsorption Behavior and Inhibition Corrosion Effect of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium

The effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 mol·L⁻¹ HCl solution has been investigated by using weight loss (WL) measurement, potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance (LPR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. These results showed that the inhibition efficiency of Na-CMC increased with increasing the inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the Na-CMC was a mixed type inhibitor in 1.0 mol·L⁻¹ HCl. The adsorption of the inhibitor on mild steel surface has been found to obey the Langmuir isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 mol·L⁻¹ HCl with addition of 0.04% of Na-CMC has been studied in the temperature range of 298–328 K. The associated apparent activation energy (E^*_a) of corrosion reaction has been determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been applied to investigate the surface morphology of mild steel in the absence and presence of the inhibitor molecules.     

Garlic Powder as a Safe Environment Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Media; Adsorption and Quantum Chemical Studies

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in H3PO4 solution by garlic powder was investigated using weight loss and polarization techniques. The adsorption of garlic powder was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Maximum inhibition efficiency was 75% at 50 °C and 250 ppm inhibitor concentration. The values of heat of adsorption were negative indicating the spontaneous adsorption process. Quantum chemical calculations were used successfully to evaluate the theoretical inhibitor efficiency. Mathematical and statistical analyses were also used to represent the corrosion rate data with high correlation coefficients. Polarization measurements showed that garlic powder was a mixed — type inhibitor.     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠在AZ31镁合金表面的吸附及其缓蚀作用

采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和极化曲线研究十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对AZ31镁合金在3.5%(w, 质量分数)NaCl腐蚀介质中的吸附行为及缓蚀作用. 结果表明: SDBS可有效抑制AZ31镁合金在NaCl介质中的腐蚀, 其浓度为0.008 mol·L-1时缓蚀效率可达90%以上; 升高温度并不利于提高SDBS的缓蚀效率. SDBS在AZ31镁合金表面主要发生物理吸附, 吸附过程为放热、熵增的自发过程, 近似符合Langmuir单分子层吸附模型; SDBS为混合抑制型缓蚀剂, 但主要抑制阳极反应.     

弱碱性介质中氯离子对铜电极腐蚀行为的影响

应用循环伏安法、X射线光电子能谱法、电化学阻抗谱法以及现场椭圆偏光法研究了在弱碱性介质中添加Cl－对铜电极腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明, Cl－的加入能加剧铜电极的腐蚀,使腐蚀电流以及现场椭圆偏振参数Δ的变化范围都增大1个数量级, Cl－对Cu2O的掺杂将使铜电极的表面膜变得疏松,膜的耐蚀性变差.椭圆偏光实验不仅与电化学和能谱实验的结果一致,而且还能定性地、清楚地分辨出铜电极腐蚀过程中Cu2O的生成、Cl－对Cu2O的掺杂、CuO的生成等不同阶段;同时,利用恰当的模型还能定量地确定各个阶段铜电极表面膜的组成、厚度的变化,从而为研究铜电极的腐蚀与防护机理提供更多有用信息.     

氯离子侵蚀下钢筋在混凝土中腐蚀行为的EIS研究

应用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和氯离子探针技术，研究在氯化物侵蚀作用下混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀行为.结果表明，钢筋混凝土体系的阻抗谱中包含两个时间常数，分别对应于界面的双电层和钢筋表面的混凝土保护层.自行研制的氯离子探针可连续、无损地测量钢筋/混凝土界面的氯离子浓度.根据腐蚀反应电阻Rct、Warburg阻抗等元件参数和界面氯离子浓度的变化，讨论了混凝土中钢筋腐蚀发生、发展各阶段界面化学环境及钢筋腐蚀参数的变化规律.     

Electrochemical and Quantum Chemical Studies of Azoles as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid

The inhibition effect of three azole compounds, 2-aminobenzimidazole(ABM), 2-aminothiazole(AT) and 2-aminobenzothiazole(ABT), on the corrosion of mild steel in a 1 mol/L HCl solution was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and scanning electron mi-croscopy(SEM). The correlation between inhibition efficiency and molecular structure of inhibitor was theoretically studied via quantum chemical calculations. The results show that the inhibition efficiency(η) of the inhibitors follows the order of η_ABT >η_AT >η_ABM. Moreover, ABM, AT and ABT belong to mixed-type inhibitors. The adsorption of the inhibitors on the steel surface follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, with both physisorption and chemisorption.     

硫酸溶液中聚天冬氨酸对碳钢的吸附缓蚀性能

应用电化学极化曲线和交流阻抗研究聚天冬氨酸(PASP)对碳钢的缓蚀性能,讨论了PASP浓度和温度对缓蚀效果的影响.结果表明:PASP是一种以抑制阳极为主的缓蚀剂.在实验温度范围内,PASP在0.5mol/L硫酸溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀效率随着温度升高而降低,并以10℃时的缓蚀效果最好.在给定温度下,缓蚀率均随PASP浓度的增加而迅速增加,但当PASP质量浓度达到2.5g/L时,缓蚀率的增加趋于平缓,10℃下,缓蚀率的最高值可达80.33%(PASP 6.0g/L),PASP在碳钢表面的吸附基本服从Freund lich吸附等温式,PASP的加入增大了碳钢的腐蚀反应表观活化能.     

碳钢在微生物介质中的腐蚀电化学行为

硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）生长代谢，溶液pH值从7．5下降到5．8，并在碳钢表面形成生物膜，改变了生物膜下碳钢表面的微环境，促进碳钢点蚀的形成，清除表面的腐蚀产物后，碳钢基体表面为分布不均匀的溃斑，发生严重的点蚀行为，而RB的活性和生物膜的结构诱发碳钢腐蚀的形成和生长，在微生物快速生长过程中出现明显的氢扩散电流峰，加剧碳钢的渗氢行为，采用电化学阻抗（EIS）研究了碳钢在微生物腐蚀过程中生物膜的结构与腐蚀相应的变化关系。