微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中的铜铅镉锌

建立了微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中痕量铜、铅、镉、锌的新方法。在HAc- Na Ac( p H4 .5)～ 3.5× 1 0 -2 mol·L-1KCl～ 2 .6× 1 0 -5 mol· L-1Hg2 +介质中测定锌 ,然后调节底液为 0 .0 1 mol·L-1HCl,连续测定铜、铅、镉。铜、铅、镉、锌 ,检出限分别为 4 ,0 .1 ,2 ,4 μg· L-1,线性测定范围 Zn2 +:0～ 30 0 μg·L-1,Cu2 +、Pb2 +、Cd2 +:0～ 2 2 0μg· L-1,回收率为 83.4 %～ 1 0 3.3% ,RSD<3.4 % ( n=7)。该法较好解决了金属互化物的影响 ,样品不需消化便可直接测定。     

GC/MS法测定生态纺织品中多种农药残留

采用GC/MS法测定棉、麻及织毛物等生态纺织品中农药残留。方法的测定重现性为75 % 10 0 % ,该方法对有机氯 (OCPs)检出限小于 0 .0 1mg·kg- 1,回收率在 97.8% 99.6 %之间 ,相对标准偏差在 5 .0 % 6 .0 % ;对五氯苯酚 (PCP)的检出限为 0 .0 5mg·kg- 1,回收率为 75 6 %和 86 2 % ,相对标准偏差为 5 .2 % 12 .9%。     

无保护流体室温磷光法测定1-萘胺的研究

研究了 1 -萘胺 ( NNA)的无保护流体室温磷光 ( NP- RTP)测定条件及共存物影响。在以 KI为重原子微扰剂、Na2 SO3为除氧剂及 λex/λem=31 7/5 1 8nm的最佳组合条件下 ,测定 NNA的线性范围及检出限分别为 1 .4× 1 0 - 7～ 2 .5× 1 0 - 5mol/L及1 .2× 1 0 - 8mol/L。方法已用于江水及井水样品中 NNA的测定 ,回收率 98.2 %～1 0 1 .9%,相对标准偏差 1 .2 %～ 1 .3%。     

火焰原子吸收法测定空气与废气中的铅(铅尘和铅烟)

采用火焰原子吸收法监测空气与废气中气溶胶样品的铅尘和铅烟 ,依照有关部门已制订的一批统一 (或推荐 )的监测方法资料 ,通过自身一系列的方法适用性检验 ,经外场的采样效率试验直至实验室内的空白值、酸度及样品基体干扰影响和消除的尝试 ,加以改变仪器工作条件比对和回收试验等 ,使实测样品获得了满意结果。铅的方法检出限为 0 0 5 μg/mL/ 1 %吸收 ,测定下限为 0 1 5 μg/mL ,线性范围 0 5～ 1 0 0 μg/mL ,测定范围 :0 0 5～ 5 0mg/m3 ,当采样体积为 5 0m3 ,取 1 / 2张滤膜 (直径 8～ 1 0cm)进行铅尘测定时气溶胶中铅的最低检出浓度为 2× 1 0 - 4mg/m3 ,采样效率为 98% ,样品回收率为 92 3%。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法间接测定青霉素V钾

基于青霉素V钾在酸性条件下的水解产物可与Pb2 + 形成沉淀 ,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定沉淀中铅的含量 ,可间接测定药片中青霉素V钾的含量。在优化条件下 ,测定青霉素V钾的线性范围为 5 .15× 10 -5～ 4 .12× 10 -4mol/L ,线性回归方程为A =2 .4 2× 10 3 c - 0 .0 6 3 1,相关系数为 0 .999 1,检出限为 7.392× 10 -7mol/L ,测定结果的相对标准偏差为 0 .0 6 %～ 0 .6 9% ,回收率为 97.8%～ 10 2 .0 %。     

微波消解-微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法测定合金钢中的铜、锰、钼

用微波等离子体炬 (MPT)为激发光源 ,氩气为等离子体工作气体 ,用气动雾化进样 ,研究了微波消解 微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法 (MPT AES)测定合金钢中铜、锰、钼的方法。考察了微波功率、载气流量、工作气流量、氧屏蔽气流量等实验参数对测定铜、锰、钼的影响。对微波消解合金钢样品的消解条件进行了考察 ,建立了最佳消解程序。测定铜、锰、钼的检出限分别为 3.3、3.7和 42ng mL ,RSD(n =6)分别为 1 7%、2 .4%、3.8% ,并且测得它们的线性范围分别为0 .0 2～ 5 0 μg mL、0 .0 4～ 5 0 μg mL和 0 .2 0～ 5 0 μg mL。     

壳聚糖修饰玻碳电极卷积伏安法测定环境水中的EDTA

制备了壳聚糖修饰玻碳电极 ,研究了Fe(EDTA) -在修饰电极上的吸附还原行为 ,用卷积伏安法通过Fe(EDTA) -的检测测定了环境水中的EDTA。在优化的实验条件下 ,峰电流值与 8.0× 1 0 -7～ 5 .0× 1 0 -6mol L的EDTA呈线性关系 ,回归方程为epp′ =0 .75 2 5c - 0 .661 3,r =0 .991 ,最低检出限为 5 .0× 1 0 -7mol L ,5次测定的相对标准偏差小于 5 .8%。对实际样品测定的回收率为98 1 %～ 1 0 5 % ,对比HPLC的结果 ,相对偏差小于 5 %。     

胆红素的伏安特性及其微分脉冲伏安法测定

建立中成药中胆红素定量测定的微分脉冲伏安法。在多种介质中研究胆红素在玻碳电极上的电化学行为 ,全面优化条件后 ,采用标准加入法对中成药中胆红素进行测定 ,并通过与药典中标准方法对照和干扰实验及回收率实验对本方法进行评价。在 0 .2mol·L-1HAc NaAc 5 0 %EtOH和 1 1 5mol·L-1KH2 PO4 Na2 HPO4 溶液中 ,峰电流与胆红素浓度分别在 6.2 5× 1 0 -7～ 1 .0 0× 1 0 -5mol·L-1(r=0 .9976)和 5 .0 0× 1 0 -8～ 3.0 0× 1 0 -6mol·L-1(r=0 .9939)范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检测下限分别为 5 .0× 1 0 -8mol·L-1和 5 .0× 1 0 -9mol·L-1。众生丸和牛黄解毒片中胆红素的质量分数分别为 0 .0 86%和 0 .1 0 9% ,RSD分别为 3 4%和 3.0 % ,回收率为 96.6%～ 1 0 4 .1 % ,其结果与药典中标准方法测定结果基本一致。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定草石蚕根茎中的水苏糖

应用高效液相色谱 蒸发光散射检测法建立了测定草石蚕植物根茎中水苏糖含量的新方法 ,并设计和讨论了 2种从草石蚕根茎干粉中提取水苏糖的工艺方法。采用BondapakNH2 色谱柱 (3 0 0mm× 3 .9mmi.d .) ,流动相为甲醇 水 (80∶2 0 ,V V) ,流速 1 .0mL min,柱温为室温 ;蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度 40℃ ,载气N2 流速 4.0L min。在上述条件下测得水苏糖在 1 .0 2～ 1 2 .2 2 μg范围内线性关系良好 (r=0 9995 ) ,检出限达到 0 .1 0 μg,平均加样回收率为 91 .6%。 2种不同提取方法的测定结果 :水苏糖含量分别为 2 9.8%和 2 5 .2 % ,纯度为 63 .76%和 88.3 5 %。该方法简便快捷 ,重现性和准确度良好 ,结果准确可靠 ,为实际样品的测定提供了科学依据。     

硝酸铈铵室温显色法测定钢中锰

锰是钢铁中的基本元素 ,在炼铁、炼钢中作为脱氧剂、脱硫剂。锰和硫的作用防热脆 ,并由此提高钢的可锻性 ,锰在钢中含量一般为 0 .3 % 0 .8% ,在生铁中含量一般为 0 .5 % 2 % ,高锰钢中含量为 13 % 14 % ,锰溶于稀酸生成二价锰离子。由于锰的价态较多 ,为测定锰提供了最有利的因素。测定锰有很多方法 ,一般常用过硫酸铵氧化比色法和过硫酸铵氧化滴定法。但过硫酸铵氧化比色法需在热溶液中进行。过硫酸铵氧化滴定法手续较繁。本文在 0 .5 2ｍｏｌ·Ｌ- 1硝酸介质中 ,于室温下用硝酸铈铵作为氧化剂 ,以ＡｇＮＯ3为接触剂 ,定量地将Ｍｎ2 + 氧…     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.