Synchronization of Chaotic Intensities and Phases in an Array of N Lasers

A linear array of N mutually coupled single-mode lasers is investigated. It is shown that the intensities of N lasers are chaotically synchronized when the coupling between lasers is relatively strong. The chaotic synchronization of intensities depends on the location of the lasers in the array. The chaotic synchronization appears between two outmost lasers, the second two outmost lasers, etc. There is no synchronization between nearest neighbors of the lasers. If the number of N is odd, the middle laser is never synchronized between any lasers. The chaotic synchronization of phases between nearest lasers in the array is examined by using the analytic signal and the Gaussian filter methods based on the peak of the power spectrum of the intensity. It can be seen that the message of chaotic intensity synchronization is conveyed through the phase synchronization.     

GENERAL SYNCHRONIZATION OF CHAOS IN A SYSTEM OF TWO NON-IDENTICAL LASERS

General synchronization of the chaotic intensity fluctuations of two spatially coupled Nd:YAG lasers with pump modulation is investigated theoretically when the losses of the two lasers are different. It is shown that the chaotic synchronization still exists for medium coupling even though the two lasers are different. For strong coupling the system shows periodic motion of laser intensities. While for weak coupling, the two lasers oscillate independently. It is obvious that the increase of difference between the two lasers reduces the degree of chaotic synchronization.     

基于光电负反馈的激光混沌串联同步系统研究

提出了一种新的混沌中继系统，该系统基于光电负反馈的激光混沌串联同步.对该系统的同步性以及激光器内部参数失配对其同步性的影响进行了研究，并与基于光反馈的激光混沌串联同步系统进行了比较.研究结果表明：当系统参量满足一定条件时，该系统能实现完全同步；当激光器内部参数失配时，其混沌同步性会受到一定的影响，但该系统的混沌同步性对参数失配的容忍性要比基于光反馈的系统好得多.     

链式互耦合半导体激光器的实时混沌同步

通过在互耦合外腔半导体激光器之间增加中继激光器,建立了一种链式互耦合半导体激光器混沌同步系统模型.理论分析了系统的实时混沌同步条件,数值研究了注入电流、互耦合条件、反馈条件等对系统实时混沌同步品质的影响,揭示了同步质量在反馈强度和互耦合强度二维参数空间的分布规律.结果表明:注入电流较大时,满足互耦合强度和反馈强度相同,互耦合延时和反馈延时相等,系统中所有激光器之间可同时实现稳定高品质实时混沌同步;中心激光器和边激光器之间的稳定实时混沌同步分布在在互耦合强度和反馈强度较小的区域以及互耦合强度和反馈强度相近的区域;边激光器之间由于同时接收到中心激光器实施的相同注入,能够较容易的实现稳定高品质的实时混沌同步.该系统可进一步扩展成为实现远距离的双向实时混沌同步或阵列激光器系统的实时混沌同步.     

Synchronization of chaotic erbium-doped fibre lasers and its application in secure communication

We have investigated the synchronization of chaotic dual-ring erbium-doped fibre lasers using the delay feedback－injection scheme. Numerical simulation shows that two chaotic dual-ring erbium-doped fibre lasers can be well synchronized if the strengths of delay feedback and injection are suitable. Even though the effects of the noises and the difference between the two lasers are considered, the twins can still reach good synchronization. Secure communication could be realized using the scheme of message-masking based on the synchronization of the chaotic dual-ring erbium-doped fibre lasers.     

Generalized synchronization of chaos in erbium—doped dual—ring lasers

We investigate chaotic synchronization in the generalized sense in unidirectionally coupled erbium-doped fibre dual-ring lasers. Numerical simulation shows that no matter whether the two different erbium-doped fibre dual-ring lasers are chaotic or not before coupling, they show generalized synchronization with a suitable unidirectional coupling coefficient under which the maximum condition Lyapunov exponent is negative. We also use the auxiliary system approach to detect the generalized synchronization.     

Synchronization of Chaotic Oscillations in Mutually Coupled Semiconductor Lasers

Synchronization of chaotic oscillations in mutually coupled semiconductor lasers is experimentally investigated. Synchronization of chaotic outputs from mutually injected lasers is observed not only in low frequency fluctuation regimes but also in high frequency fluctuation regions on the nano-second time scale. It is shown that the synchronization of our results is based not on complete chaos synchronization but on injection phenomena in laser systems, so called generalized chaos synchronization.     

激光混沌并联同步及其在全光逻辑门中的应用研究

提出多量子阱激光器混沌“主-从-响应”式结构同步系统,研究其并联同步在光学逻辑门中的应用. 利用一个注入多量子阱激光器混沌系统注入驱动实现了两个响应多量子阱激光系统的混沌并联同步,同时还获得了“主-从”式结构的混沌同步. 基于响应子系统的混沌并联同步思想,提出了全光逻辑门的基本理论模型并定义了计算原则与方法. 利用光的外部调制方法对两个驱动光进行调制与控制,让两个响应子系统实现同步与非同步,使系统获得了并具有全光逻辑门函数功能与特点,并成功地进行了数字逻辑计算. 具体提出了全光XNOR、NOR、NOT等逻辑门及逻辑计算方法,数值模拟结果证明了系统方案的可行性. 关键词： 混沌 同步 逻辑门 多量子激光器     

基于1550 nm垂直腔面发射激光器的长距离双向双信道光纤混沌保密通信研究

基于同一混沌信号光注入下两个1550 nm垂直腔面发射激光器 (VCSELs) 中两对应线性偏振模式之间的混沌同步, 提出了一种可实现信息的长距离双向双信道光纤混沌保密通信的系统模型, 并对该系统的同步、双向双信道通信以及光纤信道对信息传输的影响等性能进行了相关仿真研究. 结果表明: 在由驱动混沌激光器所产生的同一混沌光注入下, 两响应激光器中对应的两线偏振模式之间均可实现高质量的等时混沌同步, 且驱动激光器与两响应激光器间的同步系数较低; 基于两响应激光器之间对应线偏振模式的高质量混沌同步, 可实现双向双信道混沌通信; 采用单模保偏光纤 (或色散位移保偏光纤) 作为通信信道, 2.5 Gbit/s信息在传输60 km (或200 km) 后解调信息的Q因子能保持在6以上. 关键词： 垂直腔面发射激光器 (VCSELs) 双向双信道 混沌通信 光纤     

Theoretical investigations of cascaded chaotic synchronization and communication based on optoelectronic negative feedback semiconductor lasers

In this paper, a novel chaotic relay system, based on cascaded synchronization in optoelectronic negative feedback chaotic semiconductor lasers, is presented. Synchronization characteristics and the influence of parameter mismatches on synchronization performances are investigated. The results show that the complete synchronization can be achieved under suitable system parameters; internal parameter mismatches of the lasers have influence on synchronization quality, but the system possesses more robustness to parameter mismatches compared with cascaded synchronization based on coherent optical feedback. Moreover, communication related issues are also investigated. Under the additive chaos modulation (ACM) encryption scheme, encoded messages can be successfully extracted at both mediator laser (ML) and receiver laser (RL) parts; parameter mismatches of the lasers will affect messages decoding, but the influence is not strong.     

Synchronization of high-frequency chaotic optical pulses

Synchronization of high-frequency chaotic optical pulses is demonstrated in two semiconductor lasers with delayed optoelectronic feedback. The difference between synchronization and modulation is discussed. Evidence is presented to show that true synchronization, rather than modulation or amplification, is accomplished in our optoelectronic feedback system.     

Transition between anticipating and lag synchronization in chaotic external-cavity laser diodes

Chaotic synchronization is investigated by use of two diode lasers as transmitter and receiver. The transmitter laser is rendered chaotic by application of optical feedback in an external-cavity configuration. Changes in the spectrum of the synchronized system are shown to be associated with the transition between anticipating and lag synchronization.     

Dual-lag synchronization between coupled chaotic lasers due to path-delay interference

We study experimentally the synchronization dynamics of two semiconductor lasers coupled unidirectionally via two different delayed paths. The emitter laser operates in a chaotic regime characterized by low-frequency fluctuations due to optical feedback and induces a synchronized dynamical activity in the receiver laser, which operates in the continuous-wave regime when uncoupled. Different delays in the two coupling paths lead to the coexistence of two time lags in the synchronized dynamics of the oscillators. This dual-lag synchronization degrades the average synchronization quality of the system of coupled lasers and hinders the transmission of information between them. Numerical simulation results agree with the experimental observations, and allow us to explore this phenomenon in a wide parameter range, and quantify the degree of signal transmission degradation caused by this chaotic path-delay interference.     

Synchronous implementation of optoelectronic NOR and XNOR logic gates using parallel synchronization of three chaotic lasers

The parallel synchronization of three chaotic lasers is used to emulate optoelectronic logic NOR and XNOR gates via modulating the light and the current. We deduce a logical computational equation that governs the chaotic synchronization, logical input, and logical output. We construct fundamental gates based on the three chaotic lasers and define the computational principle depending on the parallel synchronization. The logic gate can be implemented by appropriately synchronizing two chaotic lasers. The system shows practicability and flexibility because it can emulate synchronously an XNOR gate, two NOR gates, and so on. The synchronization can still be deteceted when mismatches exist with a certain range.     

Synchronization of chaotic semiconductor lasers by optical injection with random phase modulation

It is shown that identical synchronization of two chaotic semiconductor lasers can be achieved by injection of a common optical signal with randomly varying phase. An optical signal with randomly modulated phase is injected into two semiconductor lasers which have chaotic oscillations due to optical feedback. Strong correlation between complex intensity oscillations of the two lasers is observed even though the intensity of the common injection signal is constant. Characteristic properties of this type of synchronization are shown, in particular, the dependence of the synchronization threshold on the injection strength and the rate of phase modulation, and the dependence of the intensity correlation on the difference in phase of optical feedback.     

Digital Communication Using Multi-mode Chaotic Lasers

The digital communication in a system of two multi-mode solid state chaotic lasers is investigated theoretically. If the usual method working well in a single-mode laser system is applied to a multi-mode laser system, the memory effect of the two nearest digits can cause high rate of mistakes when the digits are decoded through the subtraction of receiver output from the transmittal. By introducing the deviations of two nearest maximum and minimum fluctuations of the signal to decode the digit, the message can be decoded correctly. Also, this communication method does not critically depend on the quality of the chaotic synchronization of the two multi-mode lasers.     

基于光电反馈的激光混沌并联同步系统研究

提出了基于光电反馈的激光混沌并联同步方案,对可能存在的两种同步——广义同步和完全同步进行了研究,着重讨论了激光器内部参数失配对发射与接收激光器之间以及并联接收激光器之间同步特性的影响.研究结果显示：在一定范围内,同样的内部参数失配下,并联接收激光器之间的同步效果明显优于发射激光器与接收激光器之间的同步效果. 关键词： 半导体激光器 混沌同步 光电反馈 参数失配     

Synchronization of chaotic VCSELs by external chaotic signal parameter modulation

Synchronization of chaotic vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers （VCSELs） is achieved by external chaotic signal modulation successfully. Simulation indicates that we can get chaos synchronization if the intensity of external chaotic signal is large enough. First of all, we use direct current modulation to achieve the chaos of VCSELs, and determine the laser＇s chaotic state by analyzing time series of the output and the corresponding power spectrum. And then we achieve synchronization of the two chaotic systems by external chaotic signal parameter modulation. We also find that the larger the modulation intensity is, the easier it is to achieve synchronization for chaotic VCSELs. This approach can also be applied to systems with a number of modulated lasers.     

Synchronization of mutually versus unidirectionally coupled chaotic semiconductor lasers

Synchronization dynamics of mutually coupled chaotic semiconductor lasers are investigated experimentally and compared to identical synchronization of unidirectionally coupled lasers. Mutual coupling shows high quality synchronization in a broad range of self-feedback and coupling strengths. It is found to be tolerant to significant parameter mismatch which for unidirectional coupling would result in loss of synchronization. The advantages of mutual coupling are emphasized in light of its potential use in chaos communications.     

Signal synchronous transmission of current-modulated semiconductor laser under bounded noise

The synchronous transmission problem of chaotic signal between current-modulated semiconductor lasers is investigated using variable coupling method. The theoretical analysis about characteristics of current-modulated semiconductor lasers is derived. According to Lyapunov theory, the condition which can realize synchronous transmission between semiconductor lasers is derived through determining maximum Lyapunov exponent of the coupling system. Further study the synchronization performance between semiconductor lasers under the influence of bounded noise, the results show that it has a strong anti-interference ability.