HpD肿瘤定位组份的时间分辨荧光光谱研究

采用微微秒激光作激发源的时间相关单光子计数系统测量了血卟啉衍生物的肿瘤定位组分(TLF)在缓冲液中不同阳离子表面活性剂浓度下的荧光衰减波形I(t)和时间分辨光谱I(λ,t).     

激光诱导时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱系统

采用斜射式激发样品光路结构,设计了应用于测试时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱系统。利用该系统研究了氧化锌薄膜在355 nm激光脉冲激发下的时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱。结果表明,该系统能够实现测量时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱,并由此测量了样品的固体表面荧光寿命。该系统结构简单可靠,灵敏度高,响应速度快。     

激光诱导时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱系统

采用斜射式激发样品光路结构,设计了应用于测试时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱系统。利用该系统研究了氧化锌薄膜在355 nm激光脉冲激发下的时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱。结果表明,该系统能够实现测量时间分辨固体表面荧光光谱,并由此测量了样品的固体表面荧光寿命。该系统结构简单可靠,灵敏度高,响应速度快。     

菲的三维荧光光谱特性研究

多环芳烃(简称PAHs)具有高荧光量子产率,利用三维荧光光谱研究了PAHs中菲的荧光光谱特性.菲具有两个荧光峰.通过对菲的三维荧光光谱的分析,选择在激发波长255 nm、发射波长370 nm对菲进行定量分析.菲溶液在5.0～250.0 ng·mL-1的范围内工作曲线呈线性关系,检出限为3.88 ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差为4.23%(n=5),实验还尝试了对自来水样品的测定,测试效果良好,回收率为90.0%～105.4%.该研究为快速检测水源水中痕量PAHs提供了方法基础.     

同步辐射时间分辨荧光光谱技术

时间分辨光谱技术是研究原子、分子和凝聚态物质的激发动力学，特别是研究发光动力学的有力工具，文章主要介绍以同步辐射为激发光源研究时间分辨光谱的两种方法－时间相关单光子计数法和相移调制法，并比较了两者的优缺点。还讨论了同步辐射光源与其他激发光源相比的特点。     

血啉甲醚的时间分辨荧光光谱研究

实验研究了用于肿瘤光动力学诊断的第二代新型光敏剂血啉甲醚(HMME)分别在不同血型人血清和生理盐水环境中的时间分辨光谱,同时还研究了在不同荧光发射峰处的荧光寿命以及光敏剂浓度对荧光寿命的影响。结果表明:HMME在625和690nm处的荧光寿命基本相同,无显著差异。HMME在生理盐水和人血清环境中的荧光寿命具有显著差异,分别为14.6和16.6ns,同时实验结果还表明光敏剂浓度对荧光寿命没有影响。结论对于开展肿瘤的时间分辨药物荧光光谱诊断与成像技术具有重要的指导意义。     

荧蒽／硬脂酸混合LB膜的时间分辨荧光研究

荧光法比吸光度法灵敏，更适用于超薄膜系如ＬＢ膜的表征。拉制了荧蒽和苯并［ｂ］荧蒽镶嵌在硬脂酸基质中的ＬＢ膜，探讨了它们的稳态和时间分辨荧光性质。实验表明，两种分子以单体形式存在于ＬＢ膜中。     

用稳态和时间分辨荧光光谱研究乙醇-水分子团簇的可能类型

研究了紫外光照射乙醇－水混合溶液的稳态和时间分辨荧光光谱.通过检测其荧光光谱和激发光谱,得到了稳态发射光谱的三个荧光峰,峰值分别位于290 nm、305 nm、330 nm,相应的最佳激励光分别为265 nm, 280 nm 和236 nm.在荧光光谱峰值波长处分别监测其荧光强度随时间的衰变过程,将获得的荧光衰减动力学曲线采用指数拟合并进行解卷积处理获得不同荧光光子的寿命值.乙醇－水溶液稳态光谱的特点和三个不同的荧光寿命都表明了溶液中含有三个不同的生色团,分析认为乙醇和水分子间通过氢键作用形成了不同结构的团簇分子.     

355 nm纳秒激光作用下荧蒽的时间分辨荧光光谱特征

多环芳烃由于具有三致(致癌、致畸、致突变)特性,其在环境中的检测受到人们广泛关注。利用时间分辨光谱技术,研究了荧蒽乙醇溶液的荧光光谱随延时时间和门宽改变的特性。研究了不同浓度荧蒽的时间分辨荧光光谱特性,以原始浓度的荧蒽为初始溶液,通过逐级稀释的方式,最终将原始溶液稀释16倍,拟合了不同稀释倍数下的荧蒽荧光强度衰减随延时时间变化的动力学曲线,得到了不同浓度荧蒽的拟合荧光寿命。研究结果表明,荧蒽的荧光光谱特性与光谱仪探测器延时时间和门宽宽度密切相关。固定延时时间,随着光谱仪门宽宽度的变化,荧蒽的荧光强度随着门宽的增大而逐渐增强。固定门宽,改变延时时间的过程中,荧蒽的荧光强度随延时时间呈现先增大,后减小的趋势。荧蒽的荧光强度随延时时间的衰减过程符合指数衰减过程,将荧蒽乙醇溶液进行逐级稀释,荧蒽荧光强度与延时时间的衰减进行指数拟合后,得到不同稀释倍数的荧蒽乙醇溶液的衰减动力学参数,随着稀释倍数的增大,拟合得到的荧蒽荧光寿命增大。多环芳烃时间分辨光谱特征的研究,可以为环境中多环芳烃的检测提供技术基础,由于不同荧光物质具有特征的荧光寿命,因此,可以利用多环芳烃与环境中其他荧光物质的不同荧光寿命特性,准确识别环境中的多环芳烃污染物。     

异丙醇-水配合液的荧光偏振和时间分辨特性

研究了紫外光照射下异丙醇-水配合液的偏振荧光光谱,以及不同荧光峰处光子强度随时间的衰变过程,计算了偏振度并讨论了其偏振特性,测试了不同峰位对应的荧光寿命并分析了其荧光发射特性.结果表明,异丙醇-水配合液在紫外光激励下发射的荧光为具有确定分子取向的部分偏振光,偏振度和各向异性度分别为0.542和0.441.在波长为220...     

多环芳烃时间分辨荧光光谱特性研究

利用时间分辨荧光光谱技术,研究了菲、荧蒽、芴、蒽、芘等五种多环芳烃的荧光时间分辨发射光谱特性。以289 nm受激拉曼光作为激发光源,研究了289 nm激发光作用下五种多环芳烃的延时特性和门宽特性。并以多环芳烃随延时时间的荧光峰强度衰减关系曲线,得到菲、荧蒽、芴、芘的荧光寿命分别为37.0, 32.7, 10.9, 147.0 ns。不同荧光物质具有特定的荧光光谱特性,多环芳烃时间分辨荧光光谱特性的研究可以为复杂水体中不同种类多环芳烃的诊断提供依据。     

The Influence of Solvent Viscosity on the Fluorescence Decay and Time-Resolved Anisotropy of Green Fluorescent Protein

This report describes fluorescence decay and time-resolved anisotropy studies of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in various environments. The addition of glucose and fructose, NaCl, or polyethylene glycol changes the viscosity of the medium surrounding the GFP. Both the time-resolved anisotropy and the fluorescence decay of GFP are measured and it is shown that only the time-resolved anisotropy of GFP is affected by the viscosity, but not its fluorescence decay.     

Effect of the External Refractive Index on Fluorescence Kinetics of Perylene in Human Erythrocyte Ghosts

Fluorescence kinetics of perylene molecules in hemoglobin-free human erythrocyte membranes is investigated as a function of the refractive index of the external medium varied by adjusting the concentration of sorbitol or sucrose in an aqueous suspension of erythrocyte ghosts. It has been found that the fluorescence of perylene in erythrocyte ghosts decays nonexponentially, with the mean decay time decreasing from 7.13 to 5.70 ns with an increase in the refractive index of the suspension from 1.333 to 1.442. An analysis of the dependence made it possible to obtain an estimate of the second-rank orientational order parameter of perylene in the human erythrocyte membrane «P ₂ (cos)» = 0.32 ... 0.43, which bears witness of considerable ordering of perylene molecules along acyl chains of phospholipids constituting the membrane. Good correspondence of the order parameter with the value of the steady-state emission anisoptropy of perylene in erythrocyte ghosts suggests that acyl chains of phospholipids in the human erythrocyte membrane are predominantly oriented along the normal to its surface.     

原油样品激光诱导荧光的时间分辨光谱特性研究

为探索激光诱导时间分辨荧光光谱技术应用于海洋悬浮溢油原位探测的可行性,对来自胜利油田六个不同井区不同密度的原油样品的时间分辨荧光光谱进行了探测分析。结果发现,各原油样品荧光发射的持续时间基本相同,从ICCD中数字延时发生器(DDG)的输入延时52 ns开始,到输入延时82 ns左右结束,各原油样品的荧光峰强度随时间变化曲线的半高宽约10 ns;不同原油样品的最强荧光峰位及其衰减寿命不尽相同,并且与样品密度有一定相关性,密度相近的原油具有相近的最强荧光峰位和相似的荧光寿命。对比六种原油样品的时间分辨荧光光谱发现,在荧光增强时,原油荧光光谱峰位不变,当荧光从最大强度开始衰减时,六种原油样品的荧光光谱峰位均出现了不同程度(17~30 nm)的红移现象,这一定程度上反映出原油中各荧光组分的荧光衰减速率存在差异,或者存在荧光组分之间的能量传递。所观测到的原油密度相关的时间分辨光谱信息和荧光峰红移现象可望成为水下悬浮溢油识别的有效特征之一。     

一种毛细管聚焦的便携式微束X射线荧光谱仪

基于毛细管X光透镜技术的便携式能量色散X射线荧光分析因其无损分析等优点成为分析文物样品的有利工具。但由于文物样品的表面不平整或弧度以及毛细管X光透镜聚焦X射线的特点，导致在测量过程中样品测量点与毛细管X光透镜出端之间的距离产生变化，引起照射样品的X射线束斑大小发生改变，从而影响测量结果的准确性和元素区域扫描的分辨率。介绍了本实验室自行研发的一种新型便携式微束X射线荧光谱仪，此谱仪主要是由SDD X射线探测器、30 W低功率X射线管、毛细管X光透镜、CCD和一个新型闭环控制系统构成。该闭环控制系统是在激光位移传感器能够精确控制样品测量点到毛细管X光透镜出端距离的基础上，结合LabVIEW语言环境下开发的计算机控制程序以及步进电机、样品台等器件组成。基于此系统，该实验室研发的便携式微束X射线荧光谱仪在测量过程中可以时刻保证照射样品的X射线光斑大小固定不变。同时，该谱仪还可以通过调整样品测量点到透镜出端的距离来选择不同尺寸的X射线照射光斑。为了验证设备的可行性，使用该便携式微束X射线荧光谱仪在激活激光位移传感器和关闭激光位移传感器两种情况下测量了一块表面不平整古陶瓷样品釉彩层中K，Ca，Zn和Fe等元素的含量及分布，并将测量结果进行了对比。结果显示，在激活激光位移传感器的情况下测得的样品微区元素含量与真实值较接近，扫描区域元素分布图的分辨率更好，表明本谱仪基于激光位移传感器开发的自动调整样品测量点到透镜出口端距离的闭环控制系统能有效的减少由于样品表面不平整或弧度带来的测量误差，弥补了现有微束X射线荧光谱仪在此方面的不足。因此，本便携式微束X射线荧光谱仪在无损分析检测文物方面具有潜在的应用前景。     

Studies on Molecular Structure of Ethanol-Water Clusters by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

It was found that ethanol and water molecules mixed together can form new clusters. Based on the steady state spectral characteristic and the mole ratio method, three possible bonding constants of ethanol-water clusters were deduced. To confirm the structure of these clusters, the fluorescence lifetimes of different emission bands were investigated, and the average lifetime of the entire decay process was found to vary as the volume percent of ethanol changed. Furthermore, the possible bonding constant n of molecular clusters was determined to be 2 based on the time-resolved spectra, and the cluster was concluded to be a chain structure formed by one ethanol molecule and two water molecules with hydrogen bonds.     

Comparison Between Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Anisotropy as Illustrated with a Fluorescent Dextran Conjugate

The motional properties of rhodamine green alone and conjugated to 10-kDa dextran have been studied by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy (TRFA). With FCS the translational diffusion times of the fluorescent particles can be determined, which are directly proportional to the shear viscosity as shown in aqueous solutions of different sucrose concentrations. With TRFA the rotational correlation times of the fluorescent particles can be determined. TRFA experiments in the case of fluorescent dextran reveal a distinct restricted internal motion of the fluorescent probe independent of the slower overall rotation of the polysaccharide. The fast depolarization is most likely due to internal motion and not to energy transfer between different rhodamine green molecules in the same dextran, since a higher viscosity of the solvent increases the correlation time for internal motion proportionally. FCS and TRFA yield complementary information in the sense that the correlation time for overall dextran rotation can be accurately determined from the translational diffusion coefficient.     

Quantitative Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectrum of the Cortical Sarcoma and the Adjacent Normal Tissue

The difference in time-resolved fluorescence spectrum between the cortical sarcoma and the adjacent normal tissue was studied in both experimental and theoretical ways. The Clinical data were obtained in vivo using a time-resolved fluorescence spectrometer employing a single fiber-optic probe for excitation and detection. Tissue was modeled as s-180 sarcoma tumor surrounded with normal muscle and was mediated by the Palladium-porphyrin photosensitizer (Pd-TCPP). The emitted fluorescence was considered as arising from the tumor tissue or the normal muscle, due to the presence of the photosensitizer. A computational code which could simulating time-resolved fluorescence emission was presented and applied to comparing fluorescence decay of photosensitizer in different stages of tumor growth. In this code the different stages of the tumor was modeled through changing the time τ, the delay of the fluorescence photon emission and z _max, the thickness of the tumor. It was found in the in vivo experiment that the fluorescence from tumor tissue decayed more quickly than from the adjacent normal muscle. For the ten rats in the first experiment day, the mean decay constant of tumor T _s and normal tissue T _n were 554 and 526 μs, respectively. And T _s increased with the tumor growth, from 554 μs in the first day to 634 μs in the eighth day while T _s kept steady. It was believed that the more adequate oxygen supplied by the normal tissue can more effectively quench the fluorescence and in the normal tissue the photosensitizer lifetime is smaller. As a result the simulated time-resolved fluorescence spectrum of normal tissue showed more quickly decay. And the thickness of the tumor can also delay the fluorescence decay. Both the experimental and simulated results indicated that the germination of the tumor would increase the decay constant of the time-resolved fluorescence spectrum. So decay constant of the tumor tissue spectrum should be larger than that of adjacent normal tissue for the reason of hypoxia and overgrouth. This fact could be of use in the tumor diagnoses.     

Time-Resolved Fluorescent Imaging of Glucose

A method for the fluorescent imaging of glucose is described that is based on the detection of enzymatically produced hydrogen peroxide, using the europium(III) tetracycline complex as the fluorescent probe incorporated into a hydrophilic polymer layer. Coadsorption of glucose oxidase (GOx) makes these sensor layers respond to the hydrogen peroxide produced by the GOx-assisted oxidation of glucose. The hydrogel layers are integrated into a 96-microwell plate for a parallel and simultaneous detection of various samples. Glucose is visualized by means of time resolved luminescence lifetime imaging. Unlike in previous methods, the determination of H₂O₂ does not require the addition of peroxidase or a catalyst to form a fluorescent product. The lifetime-based images obtained are compared with conventional fluorescence intensity-based methods with respect to sensitivity and the dynamic range of the sensor layer. The main advantages provided by this sensing scheme for H₂O₂ include reversibility, applicability at neutral pH, and the straightforwardness of the transducer system and the imaging device.