氧化还原树脂的合成及其氧化还原性能

本文主要叙述了以国产717强碱性阴离子交换树脂为基体,采用甲醛与对苯二酚、邻苯二酚、连苯三酚和2,7-萘二酚等聚合生成氧化还原树脂,它们的氧化还原容量分别为5.3,5.4和5.2meq/g-干树脂.文中还介绍了本类树脂的氧化还原电位测定方法,并据此研究和测定了对苯二酚、邻苯二酚和连苯三酚型树脂的氧化还原电位,这些电位的测定结果与其氧化还原实验事实相符.也研究了多种氧化剂和还原剂与自制树脂的交换性能,讨论了这些树脂容量与交换性能的关系.应用所合成的新树脂进行了从硝酸银废液中回收银和对硫化氢试行氧化脱硫处理试验,效果良好.     

关于氧化还原平衡处理方法的讨论

氧化还原滴定是分析化学教学的基本内容之一。但氧化还原滴定的理论处理尚不如酸碱与络合滴定理论处理那样完善,有的问题还处于研讨之中。本文拟对氧化还原平衡处理方法中出现的两个新概念——电子活度与半反应平衡常数谈一谈看法,并对氧化还原平衡的图解法提出作者的建议。     

有机氧化还原反应的氧化值法

用氧化值的概念讨论了有机氧化还原反应,并把有机氧化还原反应中的氧化值法推广到无机氧化还原反应中。     

广义氧化还原滴定的终点误差

根据氧化还原理论,总结了广义氧化还原滴定的终点误差公式。该公式包括原来的酸碱滴定、沉淀滴定、配位滴定和氧化还原滴定的终点误差公式,以便于滴定分析进一步系统化。     

有机化学中的氧化和还原

本文概述了氧化数这个氧化还原最基本的概念,阐述了有机化合物氧化还原的本质是碳的氧化和还原,其结果是碳所形成的两类共价键产生了彼此转换,阐述了如何用电子得失的观点考察有机化合物的氧化还原,并介绍了形式电荷与氧化数在概念上的差别。     

氧化石墨烯的制备及低温还原研究

用化学氧化法制备氧化石墨烯,并用一种新型的低温化学还原方法将其还原。用红外光谱、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜等多种手段表征氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯的结构与形貌。结果表明,即使在低温条件下,壳聚糖依然可以还原氧化石墨烯,从而预示,在低温条件下,能够在同一环境下实现氧化石墨烯的还原和石墨烯的应用。     

广义氧化还原滴定

根据广义氧化还原新概念 ,提出了广义氧化还原滴定。广义氧化还原滴定包括酸碱滴定、沉淀滴定、配位滴定和氧化还原滴定。它们的滴定曲线可以由相同的原理绘出     

腐殖酸的氧化还原行为及其研究进展

腐殖酸具有明显的还原能力,与环境中金属、有机物的氧化还原反应密切相关.腐殖酸的氧化还原特性是由于醌、酚等官能团的存在,尤其是醌基团在电子传递中起到了重要的作用,还原态醌基团是腐殖酸还原能力的主要来源.还原微生物通过电子传递将氧化态腐殖酸转化为还原态形式,还原态腐殖酸可以还原Cr(Ⅵ)、Hg(Ⅱ)、V(Ⅴ)等重金属和U(Ⅵ)等放射性核素以及芳香化合物等物质,腐殖酸在这个过程中充当了电子传递体,对自然界中污染物质的转化和降解起着重要的作用.本文对腐殖酸氧化还原行为的研究进展进行了综述,并分析了其环境意义及未来的研究方向.     

希土元素1:12系列杂多配合物的氧化还原性和稳定性质研究

本文用极谱，循环伏安和紫外吸收光谱方法研究了２１种含钨１：１２系列稀土元素杂多配合物ＬｎＰＷ１２Ｏ４０、ＬｎＨＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０和ＬｎＨＧｅＷ１２Ｏ４０（Ｌｎ＝Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ）的氧化还原性质和溶液稳定性，讨论了抗衡离子、介质和酸度等因素对杂多阴离子氧化还原性的影响，对三种不同中心原子的杂多阴离子氧化还原顺序进行了比较，探讨了极谱半波电位与ｐＨ的关系，提出了氧化还原机理。     

含氧酸及其盐氧化还原中几个问题的探讨

对北京师范大学等3校无机化学教研室编写的《无机化学》(第4版)中阐述的关于含氧酸及其盐氧化性的观点进行讨论。指出含氧酸中R—O键的键能、还原产物的稳定性、伴随氧化还原反应的其他能量效应和反应的熵变是影响含氧酸氧化性的4种因素;对中心原子获得电子的能力作为含氧酸氧化性的主要影响因素和用反极化作用解释含氧酸氧化性的观点提出了质疑;基于氧化还原过程的能量变化和浓度对电极电势值的影响,对低氧化态含氧酸氧化性较强、浓酸的氧化性比稀酸强和含氧酸的氧化性比含氧酸盐强的问题作出了合理的分析。     

ORGANIC CHELATING REAGENT ON REDOX ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER TOWARDS Au~(3+)

1. INTRODUCTION Activated carbon fibers (ACF) are a comparatively modern form of porous carbon materials with a number of significant advantages over the traditional powder or granular forms. These include high surface area and adsorption capacity, as we…     

ORGANIC CHELATING REAGENT ON REDOX ADSORPTION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER TOWARDS Au^3+

Organic chelating reagent influences upon the redox adsorption of activated carbon fibertowards Au3- were systematically investigated. The experimental results indicated that the presenceof organic chelating reagent on activated carbon fiber strongly affects adsorption capacity ofactivated carbon fiber towards Au3+. The reduction-adsorption amount of Au3+ increased three timesby the presence of 8-quinolinol. Furthermore, The reduction-adsorption amount of Au3+ depended onthe pH value of adsorption and temperature.     

铁—杂多酸液流电池的研究

本文报道的氧化还原流动池、负极活性物质为ＦｅＳＯ４，正极为Ｈ３ＰＭｏ１２Ｏ４０（ＨＰ），具有选择性的阳离子交换膜将两个经活化的多孔碳毯电极分开，两个氧化还原电对在碳和石墨电极上都具有相适应的电化学可逆性。电池的活性性质很稳定，电池没有使用寿命限制。     

Improving the performance of electrochemical microsensors based on enzymes entrapped in a redox hydrogel

Microsensors based on carbon fiber microelectrodes coated with enzyme-entrapping redox hydrogels facilitate the in vivo detection of substances of interest within the central nervous system, including hydrogen peroxide, glucose, choline and glutamate. The hydrogel, formed by cross-linking a redox polymer, entraps the enzymes and mediates electron transfer between the enzymes and the electrode. It is important that the enzymes are entrapped in their enzymatically active state. Should entrapment cause enzyme denaturation, the sensitivity and the selectivity of the sensor may be compromised. Synthesis of the redox polymer according to published procedures may yield a product that precipitates when added to aqueous enzyme solutions. Casting hydrogels from solutions that contain the precipitate produces microsensors with low sensitivity and selectivity, suggesting that the precipitation disrupts the structure of the enzymes. Herein, we show that a surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), can prevent the precipitation and improve the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors.     

Reduction of Iron(III) Ion by Activated Carbon Fiber

The mechanisms of adsorption of iron(II) ion, iron(III) ion, and reduced iron(III) ion onto an activated carbon fiber and the ability of carbon fibers to reduce iron(III) ion were investigated on the basis of the amounts of iron ion adsorbed. The amount of iron(II) ion adsorbed onto the activated carbon fiber increased with increasing adsorption temperature. Iron(II) ion was more easily removed by the activated carbon fiber than iron(III) ion. Iron(III) ion was adsorbed onto the activated carbon fiber after being reduced to iron(II) ion. The reduction ability of A-20 was stronger than that of A-10 because the hydrophilic groups of A-20 were larger than those of A-10. It is concluded that the activated carbon fiber has a reduction effect on iron(III) ion and that the reduction effect of the activated carbon fiber depended on the number of hydrophilic groups on the activated carbon fiber. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

几种植物基活性炭材料的表面结构与吸附性能比较——(II)表面化学结构与吸附性能研究

用X-射线光电子能谱对3种植物基活性炭材料:椰壳活性炭 (CAC4)、剑麻茎基活性炭(SSAC)和剑麻基活性碳纤维 (SACF) 的表面化学结构进行了表征,并研究和对比了它们的吸附性能,包括对碘、苯酚和亚甲基蓝的液相吸附性能,对有机蒸汽的吸附性能以及对Au3+的还原吸附性能等。结果表明,3个样品表面均含有多种含氧官能团,吸附能力SACF>SSAC> CAC4。样品的吸附性能主要取决于自身孔结构,与其表面化学结构也有密切的关系。     

含二茂铁离子液体电容器的电化学性能

对以含二茂铁(ferrocene, Fc)离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetra-fluoroborate, [BMIm]BF4)作为电解液, 高比表面积的多孔炭作为电极材料构成的电容器的电化学行为进行了探讨. 循环伏安和恒流充放电测试结果表明,含二茂铁离子液体在多孔炭中发生氧化还原反应, 并且该氧化还原反应是扩散控制, 高度可逆的过程. 0.01 mol·L-1 [BMIm]BF4/Fc在电流密度为1 mA·cm-2时的平均比电容为163 F·g-1, 比纯[BMIm]BF4的比电容高63%. 平均比电容的增加表明由Fc参与的氧化还原反应生成的法拉第电容对电容器的总电容有很大的贡献. 同时, 以0.01 mol·L-1 [BMIm]BF4/Fc作电解液的电容器的功率密度为400 W·kg-1, 能量密度高达37.5 Wh·kg-1, 达到了电池的水平.     

Carbon Cavity Microelectrode for Electrical Wiring of Enzyme by Insoluble Electroactive Species in Aqueous Media

The carbon cavity microelectrode (CME), exhibiting a volume of 4×10^?6 cm³, offers a genuine alternative for immobilizing and connecting enzymes in aqueous electrolytes by powder of insoluble redox materials. In the present work, the electrochemical behavior of two redox species such as ferrocene (Fc) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) was investigated with CME to evaluate their potentialities in the electrical wiring of enzymes. For this purpose, powder of two enzymes, glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), was independently mixed with an insoluble redox material and forced to fill the single micro cavity of a carbon electrode covered by an inert insulator. The presence of the electroactive species, as well as the enzyme wiring was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The amperometric detection of glucose was carried out by potentiostating the TTF/GOx and the Fc/GOx microelectrodes at 0.25 and 0.35 V respectively. The amperometric detection of H₂O₂ by the TTF/HRP microelectrode was performed at ?0.1 V vs. SCE.     

Electrocatalysis of redox reactions by metal nanoparticles on graphite electrodes

A selection of graphitic materials of both scientific as well as commercial importance has been modified by deposition of various metals at very low coverages under overpotential or underpotential conditions. Nanoparticles were found with some metals. The changes in the electrocatalytic activity of the supporting electrode by the metal modification were studied using electrochemical impedance measurements of a fast redox system. The carbon/solution interface was characterized with surface Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance measurements, and cyclic voltammetry. Electronic Publication