单频外激励弹簧摆的鞍结分岔控制

对弹簧摆的振动幅值控制进行研究,设计了反馈控制器,对弱非线性系统用近似解析方法求出了控制系统的幅值控制方程,得到了控制参数与幅值的函数关系,使多自由度非线性系统的鞍结分岔得到控制.这项工作可以推广到其他多自由度非线性系统的分岔控制. 关键词： 外激励弹簧摆 鞍结分岔 振动幅值 反馈控制     

弹簧摆动力学行为演示仪

在非线性保守系统中,弹簧摆结构简单,运动特性较为典型.本文通过拉格朗日方程对弹簧摆系统进行理论分析解得运动方程,并在径向和切向将运动分解,运用图像处理技术设计制作了弹簧摆演示仪和实验软件,对运动轨迹与时序图进行可视化.软件绘制的弹簧摆轨迹与理论结果具有较好的一致性.     

基于GeoGebra对一种弹簧摆问题的可视化研究

通过对一种弹簧摆问题的动力学方程的研究,得到它的运动规律.然后借助GeoGebra软件对不同参数下的弹簧摆进行了数值模拟,得到其运动轨迹图像,从而直观地研究了弹簧摆运动.     

受不稳定约束弹簧摆运动的研究

利用拉格朗日方程建立了受不稳定约束弹簧摆运动的动力学方程,运用Matlab软件进行数字模拟,描绘了受不稳定约束弹簧摆坐标随时间变化的演化曲线、运动轨迹、运动相图,分析了其运动情况,得出了更为直观的运动规律.     

弹簧螺旋摆系统非线性振动的理论研究

运用牛顿第二运动定律对弹簧螺旋摆系统建立了模型方程,该方程为一组非线性微分方程,表明该系统具有复杂的非线性特征.理论分析表明,当系统固有的振动频率和摆动频率之比为2时,自由振动的弹簧螺旋摆系统存在内共振现象,数值求解结果证实了这一结论.并认为在一般情况下,弹簧螺旋摆系统的自由振动可能是准周期的.     

基于两级摆杆结构的超低频垂直隔振系统

在许多精密科学实验和测试中,对地面垂直振动的有效隔离影响着实验结果和测试结果的精度.本文提出一种全新的两级摆杆结构的超低频垂直隔振系统,在原理分析的基础上,设计并实现了该系统的样机.两根水平摆杆放置在同一竖直平面,绕各自铰链旋转,上摆杆通过普通弹簧悬挂于基座,下摆杆通过零长弹簧悬挂于上摆杆.系统通过光电探测方法检测两根摆杆的夹角作为误差信号,经过闭环控制将反馈力作用于上摆杆,使两根摆杆的夹角为零.零长弹簧悬挂点的位置与系统刚度有着密切关系,通过精细地调节弹簧悬挂点的位置,合理地设置控制参数,可以实现一个本征频率低至0.01 Hz的系统.理论上,该系统相对于被动式垂直隔振系统具有更好的隔振效果和抗干扰能力,相对于传统的主动式垂直隔振系统体积更小,结构更简单,有望应用于精密物理实验和科学研究当中.     

运动微分方程数值求解的一般方法分析

分析了常见物体运动微分方程的建立过程以及利用科学软件对方程数值求解的技术基础,对撒克逊碗、磁场中的弹簧摆和三摆混沌系统进行了数值求解和分析讨论,给出了解决这类问题的一般思路和方法步骤.     

失谐耦合摆运动规律的研究

利用拉格朗日方法,理论上分析了失谐耦合摆的运动规律,并从实验上观测了弹簧的倾斜因子ε对双摆振动角频率的不同影响,确定了弹簧向下偏离平衡位置时较向上偏离时对两摆角频率的影响大,通过改变弹簧的倾斜因子可以连续调节摆的振动规律。在此基础上,研究了双倾斜弹簧连接双摆时对双摆运动规律的影响。     

非线性振动、非线性波与Jacobi椭圆函数(续)

5　正弦戈登方程、扭结、反扭结波、呼吸孤立波正弦戈登方程 (sing -Gordon方程 ,简记为SG方程 )φxx- φtt=sin φ (38)是自然科学和应用科学中出现的另一个重要的非线性发展方程 (演化方程 ) .在晶体位错的传播、磁旋波在铁磁材料中的传播、约瑟夫森 (Josephson)结中继传输线等乃至生物物理的诸多问题中都应用了这一方程 .本文从单摆弹簧链模型这一特例引入SG方程 .考虑如图 3所示的N个相连弹簧 -单摆运动方程 (称为单摆弹簧链 ) .N个单摆悬挂在横置的诸弹簧上 ,每个摆的长度和质量均相同 ,每个螺旋弹簧的长度和劲度系数也相同 ,则第i…     

弹簧摆在匀强磁场中的运动分析

针对带有电荷的弹簧摆施加在竖直方向的匀强磁场的背景下,通过牛顿力学的方法得到了其运动学方程,从而发现其摆动平面在不停的进行旋转.同时按照初始条件的不同,将其在水平方向上的运动学方程化简为不同的曲线方程,进而得到了其运动的轨迹特征.     

Dynamical behaviour of a controlled vibro-impact system

In this paper, we give a controlled two-degree-of-freedom （TDOF） vibro-impact system based on the damping control law, and then investigate the dynamical behaviour of this system. According to numerical simulation, we find that this control scheme can suppress chaos to periodic orbit successfully. Furthermore, the feasibility and the robustness of the controller are confirmed, separately. We also find that this scheme cannot only suppress chaos, but also generate chaos in this system.     

利用纠缠GHZ态实现受控的量子确定性安全通讯(英文)

提出一个受控的量子确定性安全通信方案,在通信过程中,纠缠GHZ态用作量子信道,秘密信息的编码和破解是通过受控的量子纠缠交换和局域酉变换实现的.此方案是安全的.关于此方案安全性的证明和两步方案[Phys.Rev.A 68 042317]的安全性是一样的.此方案也可以推广到有多方控制者参与的情形.     

Implementation of a CNOT gate in two cold Rydberg atoms by the nonholonomic control technique

We present a demonstrative application of the nonholonomic control method to a real physical system composed of two cold Cesium atoms. In particular, we show how to implement a CNOT quantum gate in this system by means of a controlled Stark field.     

Quantum information processing through quantum dots in slow-light photonic crystal waveguides

We propose a scheme to realize controlled phase-flip gate between two single photons through a single quantum dot (QD) in a slow-light photonic crystal (PhC) waveguide. Enhanced Purcell factor and large β-factor lead to high gate fidelity over broadband frequencies compared to cavity-assisted system. The excellent physical integration of this PhC waveguide system provides tremendous potential for large-scale quantum information processing. Then we generalize to a multi-atom controlled phase-flip gate based on waveguide system in Sagnac interferometer. Through the Sagnac interferometer, the single photon adds the phase-flip operation on the atomic state without changing the photonic state. The controlled phase-flip gate on the atoms can be successfully constructed with high fidelity in one step, even without detecting the photon.     

用数字有限脉冲响应滤波器控制混沌

利用数字有限脉冲响应滤波器稳定微分动力系统和二维离散映象混沌吸引子中不稳定周期轨道的方法，实现了高周期轨道的稳定控制.分别研究了Lorenz系统和Henon映象，给出了初步的分析和数值模拟结果.这种方法的主要特点是不需要获取混沌系统中不稳定周期轨道的任何信息，控制参数的选择与被控混沌系统无关. 关键词：     

Information-theoretic approach to the study of control systems

We propose an information-theoretic framework for analyzing control systems based on the close relationship of controllers to communication channels. A communication channel takes an input state and transforms it into an output state. A controller, similarly, takes the initial state of a system to be controlled and transforms it into a target state. In this sense, a controller can be thought of as an actuation channel that acts on inputs to produce desired outputs. In this transformation process, two different control strategies can be adopted: (i) the controller applies an actuation dynamics that is independent of the state of the system to be controlled (open-loop control); or (ii) the controller enacts an actuation dynamics that is based on some information about the state of the controlled system (closed-loop control). Using this communication channel model of control, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a system to be perfectly controllable and perfectly observable in terms of information and entropy. In addition, we derive a quantitative trade-off between the amount of information gathered by a closed-loop controller and its relative performance advantage over an open-loop controller in stabilizing a system. This work supplements earlier results (Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 1156) by providing new derivations of the advantage afforded by closed-loop control and by proposing an information-based optimality criterion for control systems. New applications of this approach pertaining to proportional controllers, and the control of chaotic maps are also presented.     

Use of non-adiabatic geometric phase for quantum computing by NMR

Geometric phases have stimulated researchers for its potential applications in many areas of science. One of them is fault-tolerant quantum computation. A preliminary requisite of quantum computation is the implementation of controlled dynamics of qubits. In controlled dynamics, one qubit undergoes coherent evolution and acquires appropriate phase, depending on the state of other qubits. If the evolution is geometric, then the phase acquired depend only on the geometry of the path executed, and is robust against certain types of error. This phenomenon leads to an inherently fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here we suggest a technique of using non-adiabatic geometric phase for quantum computation, using selective excitation. In a two-qubit system, we selectively evolve a suitable subsystem where the control qubit is in state |1, through a closed circuit. By this evolution, the target qubit gains a phase controlled by the state of the control qubit. Using the non-adiabatic geometric phase we demonstrate implementation of Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm and Grover's search algorithm in a two-qubit system.     

Four Kinds of Microwave Measurements to Make Use of an Automatic Slotted-Line System

An automatic slotted line system controlled with the micro-computer IBM 80486 which we have developed had been reported. In this paper, the measuring principles and the software designs of impedance, attenuation, phase shift and detection law of diode measurement to make use of this system will be described, some typical measurement results will be given. This method is adaptable for MM-Wave band and other Micro-wave band.     

Realization of receptive fields with excitatory and inhibitory responses on equilibrium-state luminescence of electron trapping material

Our theoretical modelings and experimental observations illustrate that the equilibrium-state luminescence of electron-trapping materials (ETMs) can be controlled to produce either excitatory or inhibitory responses to the same optical stimulus. Because of this property, ETMs have a unique potential in optical realization of neurobiologically based parallel computations. As a classic example, we have controlled the equilibrium-state luminescence of a thin film of this stimulable storage phosphor to make it behave similarly to the receptive fields of sensory neurons in the mammalian visual system, which are responsible for early visual processing.     

光学双稳系统中不稳态的控制

采用一种简便易行的控制方法,对一个由延时微分方程描述的无穷维光学系统的双稳行为进行控制,成功地稳定了滞后循回曲线中不稳定的中间态;抑制了该系统的Hopf分岔和倍周期分岔.这些数值控制结果均是在模拟该光学系统的实验条件下完成的.