测定微量铍的直接和流动注射分光光度法

本文研究了生化试剂卵磷脂作为铍的光度测定的表面活性剂的可行性,建立了Be-铬青R-卵磷脂的新体系并已用于直接光度法和流动注射光度法测定微量铍。该方法灵敏度高、选择性好、操作方便并已用于铍青铜中铍的测定,结果良好。     

桑色素-β-环糊精荧光光度法测定痕量铍的研究——地质样品中痕量铍的测定

本文研究了测定铍的荧光光度法,在β-环糊精(β-CD)存在下桑色素与铍的反应条件,在0.008mol/L NaOH介质中,铍与桑色素形成配合物,其激发波长为420nm,发射波长为517nm,铍的含量在8～40ng/mL范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系。由于β-CD的存在大大提高了方法的选择性,而灵敏度也有所提高,用于痕量铍的测定可得到满意结果。     

偶氮氯膦-mA吸光光度法测定铍

本文研究了偶氮氟膦-mA(CPA-mA)光度法测定铍。在pH5.8,Be与CPA-mA生成1:2有色络合物,至少稳定12小时,在620nm处有最大吸收峰,ε_(620nm)=1.69×10~4。EDTA存在下方法有良好的选择性,25毫升体积中能测定0—6微克铍。应用于铍青铜中铍的测定,效果良好。     

蛋白质-铍试剂体系的吸收光谱研究及分析应用

试验发现铍试剂与无色的蛋白质能发生染色反应,用吸光光度法研究了铍试剂与牛血清白蛋白反应前后的吸收光谱及其反应机理,蛋白质结合铍试剂的结合数为１７,制作了重要蛋白质的工作曲线,线性范围约为２０～１８０μｇ．ｍｌ＾－１,用于人血清样品测定,结果满意。     

β-环糊精富集固相反射散射分光光度法测定铍

研究了用自制的β-环糊精（β-CD）交联聚合物树脂对姜黄素铍络合物进行包结吸附,用固相反射散射分光光度法测定铍。β-CD树脂包结姜黄素铍络合物后提高体系灵敏度,BeO的浓度在0-0.2μg/mL有良好的线性关系,结果与标准值相符。检出限为7.5μg/L,测定1μgB11次,相对标准偏差为3.8%。     

无火焰原子吸收法直接测定土壤中的铍

前言铍的化合物有毒性,在环境分析中需要快速简便而又灵敏的测定方法,荧光分光光度法和气体色谱法虽灵敏,但需要较长时间的化学预处理,不符合简便,快速的要求。近年来无火焰原子吸收法已用于矿石,大气微粒,水、煤以及果树叶中铍的测定。由于共存元素的干扰,直接固体取样法仅适用于煤及果树叶等有机体中铍的测定。在含有大     

矿石中微量铍的测定——铬天青S-聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚分光光度法

近年来应用表面活性剂,提高铬天青S(CAS)光度法测定铍的灵敏度的报道日益增多,但多数是应用阳离子表面活性剂作增感剂。本文应用非离子表面活性剂-聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(乳化剂OP),在溶液pH4.0～6.0的条件下,铍与CAS及OP生成三元络合物,最大吸收峰在620毫微米处,摩尔吸收系数ε=8.75×10~4。采用EDTA作掩蔽剂消除干扰离子的影响。本法可不经分离直接用于矿石中微量铍的测定,结果良好。     

铍—桑色素—酒石酸—溴化十六烷基三甲基铵体系的荧光光度法及其应用

１引言铍的桑色素荧光光度法已有研究，在有β－环糊精和混合表面活性性存在下，荧光测定铍的灵敏度和选择性都有提高。本文发现，在溴化十六烷基三甲基铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）存在下，使铍（Ⅱ）与桑色素和酒石酸形成混配荧光络合物，其荧光强度比无酒石酸时明显增大，稳定性和选择性提高，方法用于大理石中微量铍的测定和标准加入回收，结果满意。２实验部分２．１仪器与试剂日立Ｆ３０１０型荧光光度计，９３０型荧光光度计（上海第三分析仪器厂），ＰＨＳ－３Ｃ酸度计（上海雷磁仪器厂）。铍标准溶液：用硫酸铍配成０．１ｇ／Ｌ铍的１ｍｏｌ／…     

铋磷钼兰直接光度法测定高钨钢中磷

高钨钢中磷的测定,钨的干扰较严重。目前普遍采用ＥＤＴＡ存在下,磷与氢氧化铍共沉淀消除其干扰,此法操作繁琐,且使用剧毒的硫酸铍,污染环境,对人体有一定危害。作者采用高氯酸将磷转化为正磷酸,钨转化为钨酸沉淀滤出,铋磷钼兰直接光度法进行测定,方法用于高钨钢...     

甲基百里酚蓝光度法测定铝

甲基百里酚蓝与铝在pH2—5时形成红色络合物,本文研究其用于光度法测定铝的适宜条件、络合物的组成,並拟定了光度法测铝的分析流程。由于选择在较低的pH介质中测定,提高了选择性,尤其稀土、铍、锰等共存元素的允许量比三苯甲烷显色剂测铝的方法大有提高。经矿样分析验证,结果满意。     

ICP-AES测定铀污染土壤植物中铀的研究

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)对铀污染土壤植物中铀的测定方法进行了研究.在λU385.958 nm处,选择了仪器的最佳工作条件,考察了酸度和常见共存元素对测定的干扰情况,并且对比了干灰化消解和湿式消解对测定的影响.研究发现2%硝酸溶液为最佳介质,干扰离子对测定没有显著影响,干灰化消解比湿式消解得彻底.在选定条件下,方法检出限为0.18 mg·L-1,测定下限为0.61 mg·L-1,5.0000 mg·L-1的铀标准溶液的相对标准偏差RSD(n=10)为0.81%,方法回收率为96.2%～106.2%.该方法操作简单,快速.结果表明,用ICP-AES测定铀污染土壤植物样品中的铀是可行的.     

测定血清中Na 含量不确定度的评定

对血清中Na离子含量的测量不确定度进行评定。不确定度的来源主要包括Na离子标准工作液的配制过程、血清样品的定容消化制备、标准曲线拟合、钠离子各分量不确定度的合成等引入的不确定度计算出各分量的不确定度,通过合成得到测量结果的合成不确定度、扩展不确定度及测试结果的报告形式。     

Interpretation of inorganic arsenic metabolism in humans in the light of observations made in vitro and in vivo in the rat

The toxicity of inorganic trivalent arsenic for living organisms is reduced by in vivo methylation of the element. In man, this biotransformation leads to the synthesis of monomethylarsonic (MMA) and dimethylarsinic (DMA) acids, which are efficiently eliminated in urine along with the unchanged form (As_i). In order to document the methylation process in humans, the kinetics of As_i, MMA and DMA elimination were studied in volunteers given a single dose of one of these three arsenicals or repeated doses of As_i. The arsenic methylation efficiency was also assessed in subjects acutely intoxicated with arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) and in patients with liver diseases. Several observations in humans can be explained by the properties of the enzymic systems involved in the methylation process which we have characterized in vitro and in vivo in rats as follows: (1) production of As_i metabolites is catalyzed by an enzymic system whose activity is highest in liver cytosol; (2) different enzymic activities, using the same methyl group donor (S-adenosylmethionine), lead to the production of mono- and di-methylated derivatives which are excreted in urine as MMA and DMA; (3) dimethylating activity is highly sensitive to inhibition by excess of inorganic arsenic; (4) reduced glutathione concentration in liver moderates the arsenic methylation process through several mechanisms, e.g. stimulation of the first methylation reaction leading to MMA, facilitation of As_i uptake by hepatocytes, stimulation of the biliary excretion of the element, reduction of pentavalent forms before methylation, and protection of a reducing environment in the cells necessary to maintain the activity of the enzymic systems.     

Production of radicals in the ozonolysis of propene in air

Radical production in the ozonolysis of propene in air was monitored directly by a peroxy radical chemical amplification (PERCA) instrument at room temperature (298±2 K) and atmospheric pressure (1×105 Pa). The ozonolysis reactions were conducted in a flow tube under pseudo-first-order conditions for ozone. The decay in ozone was calculated based on reaction time tr and effective rate constant keff (keff = k1[C3H6]0)) for the ozone-propene reaction. The total radical yields relative to consumed ozone were d...     

Kinetics of dehydration in chelates of quinones involved in photosystem-II

The solid-state deaquation of thetrans- andcis-oximates of lawsone (I) and phthiocol (II) with cobalt(II) was investigated by means of non-isothermal thermogravimetry. The modes of deaquation during the thermolyses of hydrated oximates of (I) and (II) with compositions CoL₂·2H₂O were compared. The weight lossvs. temperature data were treated by using the Coats and Redfern relations. The kinetic data support a rearrangement-type mechanism for the deaquation of the oximate of phthiocol. TheE _a values for both the ligands and water molecules were found to be 23 kJ/mol.

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Zusammenfassung Mittels nichtisothermer Thermogravimetrie wurde die Dehydratation der trans- und cis-Kobalt(II)-oximate von Lawson (I) und Phthiokol (II) untersucht. Die Arten der Dehydratation während der Thermolyse der hydratierten Oximate von (I) und (II) mit der Zusammensetzung CoL₂·2H₂O wurden verglichen. Bei der Auswertung der Massenverlust-Temperatur-Daten wurden Coats-Redfern Beziehungen angewendet. Die kinetischen Daten bekräftigen einen Umlagerungsmechanismus für die Dehydratation des Oximates von Phthiokol. DieE _a Werte betragen sowohl für die Liganden als auch für Wasser etwa 23 kJ/mol.

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- - (I) (II) . I II CoL₂ · 2₂ . -. . _a , 23 · ^–1

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Use of matrix-modifiers in atomic-absorption determination of chromium in argillites

The direct atomic-absorption determination of chromium in argillites, without preliminary concentration and separation, has been studied. A map of selective flame zones for determining Cr in argillites has been designed. An express method for determining Cr in Estonian argillites has been suggested.     

Effect of vibration in processes of structure formation in polymers

It was shown that the strength characteristics of the samples produced from thermoplastics (low density polyethylene, polyamide 6, Armamid, and polyethylene terephthalate) increase as a result of short vibration treating with a frequency close to that of natural vibrations of the structural elements.