电子束泵浦KrF激光放大器增益与吸收的测量

为研制百焦耳级ＫｒＦ激光放大器，发展ＭＯＰＡ系统，我们用自探测法在百焦耳级电子束泵浦ＫｒＦ激光装置上进行了激光放大器的增益与吸收的测量。泵浦率约为０．６７ＭＷ／ｃｍ￣２，激光介质为８９．６％Ａｒ：１０％Ｋｒ：０．４％Ｆ＿２的混合气体，总气压０．２５ＭＰａ，实验测得激光放大器的小信号增益系数ｇ＿０＝６．６％ｃｍ￣（－１）、非饱和吸收系数α＿ｎ＝０．９３％ｃｍ￣（－１）、饱和光强Ｉ＿ｓ＝２．５ＭＷ／ｃｍ￣２。     

电子束泵浦KrF激光放大器增益与吸收的测量

为研制百焦耳级ＫｒＦ激光放大器，发展ＭＯＰＡ系统，我们用自探测法在百焦耳级电子束泵浦ＫｒＦ激光装置上进行了激光放大器的增益与吸收的测量。泵浦率约为０．６７ＭＷ／ｃｍ￣２，激光介质为８９．６％Ａｒ：１０％Ｋｒ：０．４％Ｆ＿２的混合气体，总气压０．２５ＭＰａ，实验测得激光放大器的小信号增益系数ｇ＿０＝６．６％ｃｍ￣（－１）、非饱和吸收系数α＿ｎ＝０．９３％ｃｍ￣（－１）、饱和光强Ｉ＿ｓ＝２．５ＭＷ／ｃｍ￣２。     

端视ICP-AES法测定水中的有机碳

本文建立了利用端视ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ技术测定水中有机碳的方法。本法检出限为０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ,灵敏度比国外同类方法提高了大约八倍,方法精密度好,其相对标准偏差０．４％￣３．２％（ｎ＝６）,回收率在８３．６％￣１０９．０％之间,本法前处理简单,测定速度快,灵敏度高,适合天然水中有机碳的测定。     

火焰原子吸收法测定海水中的铜和钴

本文用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定海水中的铜,钴,方法简单,快捷,具有良好的精密度和准确性。本法的相对标准偏差为Ｃｕ３．９％－５．０％,Ｃｏ１．６％－３．１％,回收率为Ｃｕ９３％￣１０３．５％,Ｃｏ９４．４％￣１０５％。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定海水中的锌、镉

利用空气－乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定海水中的锌，镉的含量。试样直接取自海水养殖厂，具有较强针对性，该方法简单，快速，准确，分析结果满意。回收率为９０％￣１０１％，相对标准偏差为０．１６％￣９．７３％。     

分光光度法测定纯稀土金属中微量硅

本文研究了纯稀土金属中微量硅的钼蓝测定方法,在ｐＨ＝１．２时,加入酒石酸破坏磷钼酸以消除磷的干扰,以抗坏血酸为还原剂,在λ＝８１０ｎｍ处,测定吸光度,测定浓度范围为０．０００５％￣０．０１５％。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定鱼脑和鱼肉中铜、锌的含量

本文研究了用ＨＮＯ３＋ＨＣｌＯ４（３＋１）混酸消化鱼脑和鱼肉,在３２４．８ｎｍ波长处测定铜。在２１３．９ｎｍ波长处测定锌。多种离子均无干扰,ＲＳＤ为０．５８％￣２．９０％,加标回收率为９７％￣１０９％,结果令人满意。     

氢化物-无色散原子荧光法同时测定钢铁中痕量硒和碲

本文研究了氢化物－无色散原子荧光法同时测定钢铁中痕量硒和碲。采用离子交换法消除了阳离子干扰。在４０％（Ｖ／Ｖ）盐酸介质测定硒和碲，方法检出限分别为０．２７和０．３３ｎｇ／ｍＬ，相对标准偏差分别为６．９９和６．１１％，回收率在９６．７￣１０２．０％之间。     

超新星铁星核区对流不稳定的数值模拟

通过数值模拟发现，超新星铁星核区中￣（０．７４￣０．９１）Ｍ０区间是十分重要的对流不稳定区域。     

〔（NH_4）_xK_（1－x）〕_2SnCl_6混晶的喇曼散射研究

本文用喇曼散射的方法研究了六氯锡化钾铵混晶系列样品［（ＮＮ_４）_ｘＫ_（１－ｘ）］_２ＳｎＣｌ_５（ｘ＝０，０．０５，０．１，０．１５，０．２，０．２５，０，３，１）从室温到７７Ｋ的行为，首先观察到了其外振动模的双模行为，并且还发现了其一内模Ｔ_（２ｇｉｎｔ）的宽度随铵离子浓度ｘ的增加而增加，相变温度Ｔｃ却随铵离子浓度的增加而迅速下降，下降速率约为ｄＴ_ｃ／ｄｘ＝－６００Ｋ／ｍｏｌ，这一行为是由于正四面体的ＮＨ_４￣＋离子对正八面体的ＳｎＣｌ_６￣（２－）离子团的转动产生阻碍而引起。内模Ｔ_（２ｇｉｎｔ）的宽度变化也是由于铵离子的转动影响以及由它引起的晶格畸变所导致。双模行为来自于强烈的集团效应。     

Oxidation of SnF2 stannous fluoride in aqueous solutions

The rate of oxidation of SnF₂ in aqueous solutions has been studied by redox titrations and Mössbauer spectroscopy on frozen solutions versus the acidity of the solutions and versus time. Tin(II) oxidizes in aqueous solutions; however, the rate of oxidation is much slower than previously reported. Redox titrations show that the amount of tetravalent tin increases continuously with time. Oxygen dissolved in water seems to be the oxidizing species. The oxidation rate is faster in acidic solutions. Mössbauer spectroscopy on frozen solutions shows the slow formation of tetravalent tin; it also indicates that divalent tin in aqueous solutions is similar to that observed in solid SnF₂, except that one water molecule coordinates tin.     

涂锆石墨管石墨炉原子吸收法测定水样中的有机锡和无机锡

本文用涂锆石墨管石墨原子吸收光谱法直接进样测定了样品中总锡含量,用氢化物发生－有机溶剂萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定了样品中有机锡,并通过差减法求得无机锡含量,无机锡和有机锡的测定检测限分别为２７ｐｇ和５８ｐｇ,精工为２．０４％和２．１３％,该方法可用于不同水样中有机和无机锡的测定,回收率在９０．５％－９８．５％之间。     

BaSnF4 fast ion conductor: Variations versus the method of preparation and anomalous temperature variation of the quadrupole splitting

A new method of preparation of high performance fluoride ion conductor, BaSnF₄, by water leaching of newly discovered barium tin(II) chloride fluorides, has been designed, and the materials have been studied and compared to the solid prepared by the usual dry method. The unit-cell parameters and crystallite dimensions were found to vary with the method of preparation. In addition, the crystallite dimensions were found to be highly anisotropic for the samples obtained by the wet method. The Mössbauer spectrum is made of a large tin(II) quadrupole doublet, and a broad tin(IV) oxide peak due to surface oxidation. The tin(II) spectrum is in agreement with covalently bonded tin(II) having a strongly stereoactive lone pair. An unusually high dependence of the quadrupole splitting at low temperatures was observed (5.8 times larger than for α-SnF₂).     

Influence of the liquid environment on the products formed from the laser ablation of tin

Tin targets immersed in ethanol and distilled water were ablated using a UV pulsed laser. The ablated products were investigated with transmission and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. For ablation in both liquids, the size distribution of the produced particles was bimodal, with particles having diameters of ～10 nm and ～1 μm. Formation mechanisms that caused the bimodal distribution are suggested. Ablation in ethanol resulted in nanoparticles that were found to be single crystals of tin coated with tin hydroxide (Sn(OH)₂) while ablation in water yielded nanoparticles that were polycrystalline tin dioxide (SnO₂) throughout.     

超声喷雾热解法制备SnS薄膜的物性研究

用超声喷雾热解法制备SnS多晶薄膜,对比了三种不同前驱液配比浓度对SnS薄膜性能的影响。XRD测试表明,当前驱液为硫脲(0.5 mol·L-1)+四氯化锡(0.5 mol·L-1)+去离子水时,SnO2的衍射峰强度比较大;当前驱液为硫脲(0.6 mol·L-1)+四氯化锡(0.5 mol·L-1)+去离子水时,SnS的衍射峰占主要地位,其中也含有一定量的SnO2;当前驱液为硫脲(0.7 mol·L-1)+四氯化锡(0.5 mol·L-1)+去离子水时,退火后的薄膜为单一的SnS薄膜,具有斜方晶系结构。SEM观测发现,薄膜均匀、致密,前驱液中硫脲浓度较大时,颗粒也较大。透过谱测试表明,浓度对薄膜透过率影响较小。结合器件的暗I-V和C-V测试,用三种前驱液配比浓度所制备的器件的结特性差异不大;当前驱液中硫脲浓度较大时,载流子浓度相对较大。     

β-环糊精交联树脂富集-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定水中的三苯基锡

提出利用β-环糊精交联树脂分离富集环境水样中的三苯基锡并结合氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法,对其消解物进行定量分析的新方法,通过实验优化其化学和仪器条件,方法灵敏度高、精密度好,检出限为0.1 ng·mL-1,相对标准偏差RSD为2.64%(0.04μg·mL-1),成功地用于实际水样中三苯基锡的分析.     

A facile way for preparing tin nanoparticles from bulk tin via ultrasound dispersion

In this paper, we reported a facile and rapid process to prepare tin nanoparticles from bulk tin via ultrasound dispersion. The morphology and structure of synthesized tin nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show that the morphology of tin nanoparticles is spherical and the structure of tin nanoparticles has the same crystal structure as the bulk tin. In addition, the tribological property of tin nanoparticles as additives in oil is evaluated on a four-ball tester and the results show that tin nanoparticles exhibit good performance in wear.     

自由液态锡表面结构的流体模型

应用SolidWorks 和ANSYS 软件设计了自由液态锡表面流体结构模型,计算了初始流速和热通量不同时液态锡的速度变化和温度变化,得到了流动液态锡的速度分布和温度分布。结果表明,垂直流动方向液态锡流速较为均匀,沿流动方向液态锡流速逐渐增大、液态锡液面厚度逐渐变薄。初始温度为600K 的条件下,热通量为1MW·m⁻² 时,液态锡出口温度为623.38K;热通量为5MW·m⁻² 时,液态锡出口温度为720.18K。在相同条件下使用液态锂作为计算流体,结果表明出口处液态锂的温度低于液态锡的温度。     

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应用SolidWorks和ANSYS软件设计了自由液态锡表面流体结构模型,计算了初始流速和热通量不同时液态锡的速度变化和温度变化,得到了流动液态锡的速度分布和温度分布。结果表明,垂直流动方向液态锡流速较为均匀,沿流动方向液态锡流速逐渐增大、液态锡液面厚度逐渐变薄。初始温度为600K的条件下,热通量为1MW·m?2时,液态锡出口温度为623.38K;热通量为5MW·m?2时,液态锡出口温度为720.18K。在相同条件下使用液态锂作为计算流体,结果表明出口处液态锂的温度低于液态锡的温度。     

Low-temperature vibrational properties of tin nanoparticles in porous glass

The heat capacity has been studied in the temperature range 2.2–40 K and in magnetic fields up to 2 T in tin, which has been embedded in nanometer-size pores in glass having diameter ∼7 nm, in bulk tin and in glass with empty pores. Comparison of the properties of tin nanoparticles and bulk tin has been performed. An increase in the coefficient of electronic heat capacity has been found in nanostructured tin as compared with the bulk tin, and also a considerable deviation of the low-temperature lattice heat capacity from the Debye law in the temperature region T > 3 K has been found. The fact that the density of thermal vibrations in nanocrystalline tin for low energies is higher than in bulk tin has been established using low-temperature heat capacity data.