An improved nonlinear model for an automotive shock absorber

A new physical model for a shock absorber is presented which provides a more realistic representation of the stiffness characteristics than previous simple models. The new model is validated on experimental data.     

PI force feedback control for large flexible structure vibration with active tendons

Active tendon, consisting of a displacement actuator and a collocated force sensor, was first presented by Preumont and his co-workers to attenuate the vibration of large flexible space structures, and the control algorithm adopted by them was integral force feedback. This paper presents a new proportional-integral （PI） force feedback algorithm to achieve larger damping ratios for the structure without the requirement of structure model. Stability of the control system is shown, and simulations of a structure similar to JPL-MPI demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for vibration control of space structures.     

A Nonlinear Vibration Absorber for Flexible Structures

An approach for implementing an active nonlinear vibration absorber for flexible structures is presented. The technique exploits the saturation phenomenon exhibited by multidegree-of-freedom systems with quadratic nonlinearities possessing two-to-one autoparametric resonances. The strategy consists of introducing second-order controllers and coupling each of them with the plant through a sensor and an actuator, where both the feedback and control signals are quadratic. Once the structure is forced near its resonances, the oscillatory response is suppressed through the saturation phenomenon. We present theoretical and experimental results of the application of the proposed vibration absorber. The structure consists of a cantilever beam, the feedback signal is generated by a strain gage, and the actuation is achieved through piezoceramic patches. The equations of motion are developed and analyzed through perturbation techniques and numerical simulation. Then, the strategy is tested by assembling the controllers in electronic components and suppressing the vibrations of the first and second modes of two beams.     

Amplitude control on hinged-hinged beam using piezoelectric absorber: Analytical and numerical explanation

This study deals with the problem of reducing the amplitude vibration of flexible structures. Piezoelectric ceramics have been chosen as actuators. After modelling, we derive the corresponding equations governing the dynamic behaviour of structures under control. An analytical approach has been developed to obtain accurate control parameters and tested numerically. A variety of voltage source conditions on control design have been explored. These have been tested numerically.     

Design and experiment of an adaptive dynamic vibration absorber with smart leaf springs

Applied Mathematics and Mechanics - An adaptive dynamic vibration absorber (ADVA) is designed for low-frequency vibration suppression. The leaf springs are applied as the tuning stiffness elements....     

Suppression of super-harmonic resonance response using a linear vibration absorber

Super-harmonic resonances may appear in the forced response of a weakly nonlinear oscillator having cubic nonlinearity, when the forcing frequency is approximately equal to one-third of the linearized natural frequency. Under super-harmonic resonance conditions, the frequency-response curve of the amplitude of the free-oscillation terms may exhibit saddle-node bifurcations, jump and hysteresis phenomena. A linear vibration absorber is used to suppress the super-harmonic resonance response of a cubically nonlinear oscillator with external excitation. The absorber can be considered as a small mass-spring-damper oscillator and thus does not adversely affect the dynamic performance of the nonlinear primary oscillator. It is shown that such a vibration absorber is effective in suppressing the super-harmonic resonance response and eliminating saddle-node bifurcations and jump phenomena of the nonlinear oscillator. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the absorber in attenuating the super-harmonic resonance response.     

Design of a tuned vibration absorber for a slender hollow cylindrical structure

Abstract

In this paper, details of the design work for a tuned vibration absorber to be used on a hollow cylindrical structure is presented. The vibration problem is of resonant type and the tuned vibration absorber is designed to suppress the displacement vibration response of the free end of the slender hollow structure dominated by the contribution of its lowest transverse vibration modes. The structure is modeled using a commercial finite element software. Finite element model of the structure is verified using experimentally obtained frequency response functions and modal parameters. Effective parameters of the tuned vibration absorber design are then determined based on finite element analysis simulations of the vibration suppression performance of the tuned vibration absorber as it is used on the structure. Details of the tuned vibration absorber design are determined and a prototype is fabricated. Prototype tuned vibration absorber is then characterized experimentally both as a standalone system and also as it is used on the main structure. Vibration reduction performance of the physical prototype of the tuned vibration absorber is also compared with its vibration reduction performance estimated from finite element analysis simulations so that the analysis based design process can be validated.

Communicated by Dumitru Caruntu.     

A state-of-the-art review on low-frequency nonlinear vibration isolation with electromagnetic mechanisms

Vibration isolation is one of the most efficient approaches to protecting host structures from harmful vibrations, especially in aerospace, mechanical, and architectural engineering, etc. Traditional linear vibration isolation is hard to meet the requirements of the loading capacity and isolation band simultaneously, which limits further engineering application, especially in the low-frequency range. In recent twenty years, the nonlinear vibration isolation technology has been widely investigated to broaden the vibration isolation band by exploiting beneficial nonlinearities. One of the most widely studied objects is the “three-spring” configured quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) vibration isolator, which can realize the negative stiffness and high-static-low-dynamic stiffness (HSLDS) characteristics. The nonlinear vibration isolation with QZS can overcome the drawbacks of the linear one to achieve a better broadband vibration isolation performance. Due to the characteristics of fast response, strong stroke, nonlinearities, easy control, and low-cost, the nonlinear vibration with electromagnetic mechanisms has attracted attention. In this review, we focus on the basic theory, design methodology, nonlinear damping mechanism, and active control of electromagnetic QZS vibration isolators. Furthermore, we provide perspectives for further studies with electromagnetic devices to realize high-efficiency vibration isolation.

     

双层纤维压电智能薄板几何非线性建模与分析

纤维压电MFC(Micro-Fiber Composite)的强致动力和高柔性等特点具有广泛的应用前景,但是材料组成结构复杂给建模带来了难处。基于Reissner-Mindlin假设,采用冯卡门非线性、中等转角及大转角几何非线性等理论,建立了MFC压电智能结构的多种几何非线性有限元模型。同时该模型考虑了压电纤维角度变化对结构形变的影响。分别对两种不同结构的MFC进行了建模与仿真,分别是MFC-d31和MFC-d33,前一种主要利用压电d31效应,而后一种主要利用压电d33效应。随后,通过一压电悬臂梁结构实验数据验证了模型的准确性。最后,利用所建模型对一种双层纤维压电智能薄板结构进行了几何非线性的计算与仿真。     

ADAPTIVE H-INFINITY CONTROL OF A CLASS OF UNCERTAIN NONLINEAR SYSTEMS

It is concerned with the problem of disturbance attenuation with stability for uncertain nonlinear systems by adaptive output feedback. By a partial-state observer and Backstepping technique, an adaptive output feedback controller was constructed, which can solve the standard gain disturbance attenuation problem with internal stability.     

Parametric vibration stability and active control of nonlinear beams

The vibration stability and the active control of the parametrically excited nonlinear beam structures are studied by using the piezoelectric material. The velocity feedback control algorithm is used to obtain the active damping. The cubic nonlinear equation of motion with damping is established by employing Hamilton’s principle. The multiple-scale method is used to solve the equation of motion, and the stable region is obtained. The effects of the control gain and the amplitude of the external force on the stable region and the amplitude-frequency curve are analyzed numerically. From the numerical results, it is seen that, with the increase in the feedback control gain, the axial force, to which the structure can be subjected, is increased, and in a certain scope, the structural active damping ratio is also increased. With the increase in the control gain, the response amplitude decreases gradually, but the required control voltage exists a peak value.     

Tailoring of pinched hysteresis for nonlinear vibration absorption via asymptotic analysis

The method of multiple scales is adopted to investigate the dynamic response of a nonlinear Vibration Absorber (VA) whose constitutive behavior is governed by hysteresis with pinching. The asymptotic analysis is first devoted to study the response of the absorber to harmonic excitations and to evaluate its sensitivity to the main constitutive parameters. The frequency response obtained in closed form allows to carry out the stability analysis together with a parametric study leading to behavior charts characterizing multi-valued softening/hardening responses or single-valued, quasi-linear responses. A two-degree-of-freedom model of a primary nonlinear structure endowed with the hysteretic vibration absorber is investigated to explore transfers of energy from the structure to the absorber resulting into optimal vibration amplitude reduction. The asymptotic solution is proved to be in good agreement with the numerical solution obtained via continuation. The asymptotic approach is embedded into a differential evolutionary algorithm to obtain a multi-parameter optimization procedure by which the optimal hysteresis parameters are found.     

Design method of multiple time-delay controller for active structural vibration control

An optimal control method for seismic-excited building structures with multiple time delays is investigated in this paper. The system state equation with multiple time delays is discretized and transformed into a standard discrete form without any explicit time delay by a particular augmenting for state variables. A time-delay controller is then designed based on this standard equation using the discrete optimal control method. Effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated by numerical simulations. Simulation results indicate that a very small time delay may result in the instability of the control system if it is not compensated in the control design. Time delay may be compensated effectively by the proposed controller, in the mean time, an effective control may be obtained. The proposed controller is valid for both small and large time delays.     

平稳随机激励下随机智能桁架结构振动主动控制中的优化

研究了平稳随机激励下随机智能桁架结构振动主动控制中主动杆的配置位置和闭环控制系统增益的优化问题。考虑结构物理参数、几何尺寸、阻尼同时具有随机性以及作用荷载为平稳随机激励,基于系统最小储存能,构建了具有位移响应均方值、应力响应均方值可靠性约束的主动杆配置和控制增益的优化模型;并对结构平稳随机动力响应的数字特征进行了推导。通过算例,验证了该优化配置模型的合理性和有效性,获得了若干有意义的结论。     

Dynamic modelling and active vibration control of a submerged rectangular plate equipped with piezoelectric sensors and actuators

The active vibration control of a rectangular plate either partially or fully submerged in a fluid was investigated. Piezoelectric sensors and actuators were bonded to the plate, and the assumed mode method was used to derive a dynamic model for the submerged plate. The properties of the piezoelectric actuators and sensors, as well as their coupling to the structure, were used to derive the corresponding equations of their behaviour. The fluid effect was modelled according to the added virtual mass obtained by solving the Laplace equation. The natural vibration characteristics of the plate both in air and in water were obtained theoretically and were found to be consistent with the experimental results, and the changes in the natural frequencies resulting from submersion in fluid can be accurately predicted. A multi-input, multi-output positive position feedback controller was designed by taking the natural vibration characteristics into account and was then implemented by using a digital controller. The experimental results show that piezoelectric sensors and actuators along with the control algorithm can effectively suppress the vibration of a rectangular plate both in air and submerged in a fluid.     

智能结构有限元动力模型的建立及主动振动控制和抑制

采用一种新的压电板单元，建立了含有分布压电传感元件和执行元件结构（智能结构）的有限元动力模型。利用两种反馈控制律，研究了智能结构振动控制与抑制的问题，并提出了智能结构主动振动控制和抑制的一种方法。最后，提供了数值示例，说明本文提出方法的应用。     

结构非线性振动及其控制系统的等效力学模型研究

研究了结构非线性振动及其控制系统的等效力学模型建立问题,对结构进行等效线性化处理;对状态变量的观测,仅测量结构的前几个位移。将随机激励和观测噪声等维化处理后,导出了结构非线性振动及其控制系统的等效力学模型。通过等效力学模型的应用研究,得出了多高层结构在风与地震作用下的多维与一维等效力学模型、等效振型力学模型及其线性力学模型,给出了等效力学模型在多高层结构自适应抗风抗震控制中的应用。     

刚接与铰接混合连接杆系结构的几何非线性分析

本文提出用子结构原理解决具有刚接与铰接混合连接空间杆系结构的几何非线性分析,实现其非线性稳定性分析的载荷-位移全过程跟踪。该法无须单独推导刚接、铰接以及一端刚接一端铰接单元的弹性刚度矩阵和几何刚度矩阵,而可以直接由空间梁单元退化得到,而且可以将平面问题与空间问题、刚接与铰接混合连接体系进行统一处理,算例表明,本文方法对于杆系结构的统一和整体分析是有效的。     

Nonlinear active control of damaged piezoelectric smart laminated plates and damage detection

Considering mass and stiffness of piezoelectric layers and damage effects of composite layers, nonlinear dynamic equations of damaged piezoelectric smart laminated plates are derived. The derivation is based on the Hamilton＇s principle, the higher- order shear deformation plate theory, von Karman type geometrically nonlinear straindisplacement relations, and the strain energy equivalence theory. A negative velocity feedback control algorithm coupling the direct and converse piezoelectric effects is used to realize the active control and damage detection with a closed control loop. Simply supported rectangular laminated plates with immovable edges are used in numerical computation. Influence of the piezoelectric layers＇ location on the vibration control is in- vestigated. In addition, effects of the degree and location of damage on the sensor output voltage are discussed. A method for damage detection is introduced.