实践类课程开展课程思政教学改革的思考与实践——以高分子材料制备与成型创新实验为例

开展课程思政教学改革是高校实现三全育人的有效途径，是高校实现立德树人根本任务的重要举措。高分子材料制备与成型创新实验是高分子材料与工程专业的必修专业综合实践类课程，该课程具有思政元素丰富、现场实践教学感染力强等优势。本文以高分子材料制备与成型创新实验为例，从实践类课程开展课程思政教学改革的意义、探索、实践和长效机制等方面进行了系统论述，总结了在实践类课程中开展课程思政教育的具体方法、优势和意义。     

“有机化学”开放式精品示范课程建设与实践

以中南大学化学类专业本科生的重要基础课程“有机化学”为例,探讨开放式精品示范课程改革。为适应现今信息化的高速发展和大学生特点,从创新课程教学着眼点、创新课程教学方法、课程教学效果等方面,阐述了开放式精品示范课程建设与实践的思路。基于网络的自主学习、课堂的互动交流、实验实践的拓展提升、科学合理的多元化课程考核,有效地提高了学生的学习兴趣与积极性,得到了良好的教学效果。     

首届全国中学化学教育高峰论坛第一轮通知

基础教育第八次课程改革以来,在理论和政策层面,课程性质、课程理念、课程结构、课程目标、课程内容等都发生了较大变化;在实践层面,课程安排、教学研究、课堂教学、教师评价、学生评价等也面貌一新。     

首届全国中学化学教育高峰论坛第一轮通知

基础教育第八次课程改革以来,在理论和政策层面,课程性质、课程理念、课程结构、课程目标、课程内容等都发生了较大变化;在实践层面,课程安排、教学研究、课堂教学、教师评价、学生评价等也面貌一新。     

化学课程与教学论课程思政实践

课程思政是化学课程与教学论课程落实立德树人的重要内容之一。基于化学课程与教学论课程理论性、实践性、师范性强等特点,从设计课程目标、挖掘课程思政元素、建设课程思政教学案例库、提升教师课程思政能力等4个方面探索了课程思政的实践,从学生评价、课程成绩考核等2个方面探究了课程思政的教学成果评价。以期为化学(师范)专业的课程思政体系建设提供参考。     

美国加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)化学专业创新人才培养策略

以深度参与美国加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）的课程学习的经验和体会为基础，对该校在人才培养理念、化学专业设置与课程体系、实验课程教学方式与要求、科研创新实践活动等方面的做法进行了梳理和总结。UCLA以学生为中心的教育理念、模块化且循序渐进的课程设置、丰富的实验课及科研实践活动，以及对安全的高度重视等，对我国高校培养创新型化学人才有很好的借鉴意义。     

“化学海洋学实验”课程的建设和教学实践

作为海洋化学专业的实践课程,“化学海洋学实验”已在很多高校开设,但该课程目前在授课内容、教学大纲和教学方法等方面尚未统一。在分析了该课程目前存在问题的基础上,介绍了中国海洋大学相关课程教学团队在该实验课程建设方面采取的措施,包括更新了课程的设计理念,调整、充实了实验内容,编写了实验教材,并介绍了学生通过学习该课程得到的锻炼和可以达到的学习目的。该课程的建设经验和教学实践对于课程的推广应用,以及培养知识结构合理、实践能力强的海洋人才,具有重要的作用。     

高职《高分子材料化学基础》课程教学改革与实践北大核心CSCD

通过对专业基础课程教学改革与实践的探索,从课程内容的整合、项目化教学的实施、多媒体教学的使用、网络课程的建立与学生自主学习的探索等方面,阐述了目前我院《高分子材料化学基础》专业基础课程教学改革的具体思路及做法,体现了专业基础课教学改革的重要性,旨在通过加强专业基础课程建设,优化课程结构,创设特色课程,实现资源共享,在内容上突出实用性,在教学实践上体现职业性,满足高职优秀技术技能型人才培养的需求。     

研究生现代卫生分析化学课程的创新性建设

对现代卫生分析化学课程进行了创新性建设。以紧密结合学生专业为主要特征,对现有的课程体系、教学内容、教学方法等相关方面进行了改革实践,建立了融开放式实验、研究性实践和科研训练为一体的教学新模式。把现代卫生分析化学课程建成面向东南大学全校相关专业研究生分析实验技能训练的研究生课程。     

高校实践类课程改革的理论基础及实践研究之一——基本取向与突破口

实践类课程多重教育功能的挖掘和实现,是一项复杂的设计与实施工程。有效的设计不是采取诸如＂基础性实验＋综合性实验＂的＂加和＂模型,而是遵循将开放性、综合性等要素有效整合于每一次实践性课程学习活动之中的＂乘法＂原则。本文提出了以构建有意义的学习过程与环境为基本取向,在设计研究中探寻实践类课程改革突破口的思想和方法。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。